Files
Pac-Man/src/game.rs

660 lines
29 KiB
Rust

//! This module contains the main game logic and state.
include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/atlas_data.rs"));
use crate::constants::CANVAS_SIZE;
use crate::error::{GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
use crate::events::GameEvent;
use crate::map::builder::Map;
use crate::map::direction::Direction;
use crate::systems::blinking::Blinking;
use crate::systems::movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity};
use crate::systems::player::player_movement_system;
use crate::systems::profiling::SystemId;
use crate::systems::{
audio::{audio_system, AudioEvent, AudioResource},
blinking::blinking_system,
collision::collision_system,
components::{
AudioState, Collider, DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, EntityType, Ghost, GhostBundle, GhostCollider, GlobalState,
ItemBundle, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider, PlayerBundle, PlayerControlled, RenderDirty, Renderable, ScoreResource,
},
debug::{debug_render_system, DebugFontResource, DebugState, DebugTextureResource},
ghost::ghost_movement_system,
input::input_system,
item::item_system,
player::player_control_system,
profiling::{profile, SystemTimings},
render::{directional_render_system, dirty_render_system, render_system, BackbufferResource, MapTextureResource},
};
use crate::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
use bevy_ecs::event::EventRegistry;
use bevy_ecs::observer::Trigger;
use bevy_ecs::schedule::Schedule;
use bevy_ecs::system::{NonSendMut, Res, ResMut};
use bevy_ecs::world::World;
use sdl2::image::LoadTexture;
use sdl2::render::{Canvas, ScaleMode, TextureCreator};
use sdl2::rwops::RWops;
use sdl2::video::{Window, WindowContext};
use sdl2::EventPump;
use crate::{
asset::{get_asset_bytes, Asset},
constants,
events::GameCommand,
map::render::MapRenderer,
systems::input::{Bindings, CursorPosition},
texture::sprite::{AtlasMapper, SpriteAtlas},
};
/// Core game state manager built on the Bevy ECS architecture.
///
/// Orchestrates all game systems through a centralized `World` containing entities,
/// components, and resources, while a `Schedule` defines system execution order.
/// Handles initialization of graphics resources, entity spawning, and per-frame
/// game logic coordination. SDL2 resources are stored as `NonSend` to respect
/// thread safety requirements while integrating with the ECS.
pub struct Game {
pub world: World,
pub schedule: Schedule,
}
impl Game {
/// Initializes the complete game state including ECS world, graphics, and entity spawning.
///
/// Performs extensive setup: creates render targets and debug textures, loads and parses
/// the sprite atlas, renders the static map to a cached texture, builds the navigation
/// graph from the board layout, spawns Pac-Man with directional animations, creates
/// all four ghosts with their AI behavior, and places collectible items throughout
/// the maze. Registers event types and configures the system execution schedule.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `canvas` - SDL2 rendering context with static lifetime for ECS storage
/// * `texture_creator` - SDL2 texture factory for creating render targets
/// * `event_pump` - SDL2 event polling interface for input handling
///
/// # Errors
///
/// Returns `GameError` for SDL2 failures, asset loading problems, atlas parsing
/// errors, or entity initialization issues.
pub fn new(
canvas: &'static mut Canvas<Window>,
texture_creator: &'static mut TextureCreator<WindowContext>,
event_pump: &'static mut EventPump,
) -> GameResult<Game> {
let mut world = World::default();
let mut schedule = Schedule::default();
let ttf_context = Box::leak(Box::new(sdl2::ttf::init().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
EventRegistry::register_event::<GameError>(&mut world);
EventRegistry::register_event::<GameEvent>(&mut world);
EventRegistry::register_event::<AudioEvent>(&mut world);
let mut backbuffer = texture_creator
.create_texture_target(None, CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
.map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
backbuffer.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
let mut map_texture = texture_creator
.create_texture_target(None, CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
.map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
map_texture.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
// Create debug texture at output resolution for crisp debug rendering
let output_size = canvas.output_size().unwrap();
let mut debug_texture = texture_creator
.create_texture_target(None, output_size.0, output_size.1)
.map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
debug_texture.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
let font_data = get_asset_bytes(Asset::Font)?;
let static_font_data: &'static [u8] = Box::leak(font_data.to_vec().into_boxed_slice());
let font_asset = RWops::from_bytes(static_font_data).map_err(|_| GameError::Sdl("Failed to load font".to_string()))?;
let debug_font = ttf_context
.load_font_from_rwops(font_asset, 12)
.map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
// Initialize audio system
let audio = crate::audio::Audio::new();
// Load atlas and create map texture
let atlas_bytes = get_asset_bytes(Asset::AtlasImage)?;
let atlas_texture = texture_creator.load_texture_bytes(&atlas_bytes).map_err(|e| {
if e.to_string().contains("format") || e.to_string().contains("unsupported") {
GameError::Texture(crate::error::TextureError::InvalidFormat(format!(
"Unsupported texture format: {e}"
)))
} else {
GameError::Texture(crate::error::TextureError::LoadFailed(e.to_string()))
}
})?;
let atlas_mapper = AtlasMapper {
frames: ATLAS_FRAMES.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), *v)).collect(),
};
let mut atlas = SpriteAtlas::new(atlas_texture, atlas_mapper);
// Create map tiles
let mut map_tiles = Vec::with_capacity(35);
for i in 0..35 {
let tile_name = format!("maze/tiles/{}.png", i);
let tile = atlas.get_tile(&tile_name).unwrap();
map_tiles.push(tile);
}
// Render map to texture
canvas
.with_texture_canvas(&mut map_texture, |map_canvas| {
MapRenderer::render_map(map_canvas, &mut atlas, &map_tiles);
})
.map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
let map = Map::new(constants::RAW_BOARD)?;
let pacman_start_node = map.start_positions.pacman;
let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
let mut stopped_textures = [None, None, None, None];
for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
let moving_prefix = match direction {
Direction::Up => "pacman/up",
Direction::Down => "pacman/down",
Direction::Left => "pacman/left",
Direction::Right => "pacman/right",
};
let moving_tiles = vec![
SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_a.png"))
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_a.png"))))?,
SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))))?,
SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
];
let stopped_tiles = vec![SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))))?];
textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.08)?);
stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1)?);
}
let player = PlayerBundle {
player: PlayerControlled,
position: Position::Stopped { node: pacman_start_node },
velocity: Velocity {
speed: 1.15,
direction: Direction::Left,
},
buffered_direction: BufferedDirection::None,
sprite: Renderable {
sprite: SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
layer: 0,
visible: true,
},
directional_animated: DirectionalAnimated {
textures,
stopped_textures,
},
entity_type: EntityType::Player,
collider: Collider {
size: constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 1.375,
},
pacman_collider: PacmanCollider,
};
world.insert_non_send_resource(atlas);
world.insert_non_send_resource(event_pump);
world.insert_non_send_resource(canvas);
world.insert_non_send_resource(BackbufferResource(backbuffer));
world.insert_non_send_resource(MapTextureResource(map_texture));
world.insert_non_send_resource(DebugTextureResource(debug_texture));
world.insert_non_send_resource(DebugFontResource(debug_font));
world.insert_non_send_resource(AudioResource(audio));
world.insert_resource(map);
world.insert_resource(GlobalState { exit: false });
world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(0));
world.insert_resource(SystemTimings::default());
world.insert_resource(Bindings::default());
world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(0f32));
world.insert_resource(RenderDirty::default());
world.insert_resource(DebugState::default());
world.insert_resource(AudioState::default());
world.insert_resource(CursorPosition::default());
world.add_observer(
|event: Trigger<GameEvent>, mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>, _score: ResMut<ScoreResource>| {
if matches!(*event, GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit)) {
state.exit = true;
}
},
);
schedule.add_systems((
profile(SystemId::Input, input_system),
profile(SystemId::PlayerControls, player_control_system),
profile(SystemId::PlayerMovement, player_movement_system),
profile(SystemId::Ghost, ghost_movement_system),
profile(SystemId::Collision, collision_system),
profile(SystemId::Item, item_system),
profile(SystemId::Audio, audio_system),
profile(SystemId::Blinking, blinking_system),
profile(SystemId::DirectionalRender, directional_render_system),
profile(SystemId::DirtyRender, dirty_render_system),
profile(SystemId::Render, render_system),
profile(SystemId::DebugRender, debug_render_system),
profile(
SystemId::Present,
|mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
backbuffer: NonSendMut<BackbufferResource>,
debug_state: Res<DebugState>,
mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>| {
if dirty.0 || *debug_state != DebugState::Off {
// Only copy backbuffer to main canvas if debug rendering is off
// (debug rendering draws directly to main canvas)
if *debug_state == DebugState::Off {
canvas.copy(&backbuffer.0, None, None).unwrap();
}
dirty.0 = false;
canvas.present();
}
},
),
));
// Spawn player
world.spawn(player);
// Spawn ghosts
Self::spawn_ghosts(&mut world)?;
// Spawn items
let pellet_sprite = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>(), "maze/pellet.png")
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("maze/pellet.png".to_string())))?;
let energizer_sprite = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>(), "maze/energizer.png")
.ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("maze/energizer.png".to_string())))?;
let nodes: Vec<_> = world.resource::<Map>().iter_nodes().map(|(id, tile)| (*id, *tile)).collect();
for (node_id, tile) in nodes {
let (item_type, sprite, size) = match tile {
crate::constants::MapTile::Pellet => (EntityType::Pellet, pellet_sprite, constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 0.4),
crate::constants::MapTile::PowerPellet => {
(EntityType::PowerPellet, energizer_sprite, constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 0.95)
}
_ => continue,
};
let mut item = world.spawn(ItemBundle {
position: Position::Stopped { node: node_id },
sprite: Renderable {
sprite,
layer: 1,
visible: true,
},
entity_type: item_type,
collider: Collider { size },
item_collider: ItemCollider,
});
if item_type == EntityType::PowerPellet {
item.insert(Blinking {
timer: 0.0,
interval: 0.2,
});
}
}
Ok(Game { world, schedule })
}
/// Creates and spawns all four ghosts with unique AI personalities and directional animations.
///
/// # Errors
///
/// Returns `GameError::Texture` if any ghost sprite cannot be found in the atlas,
/// typically indicating missing or misnamed sprite files.
fn spawn_ghosts(world: &mut World) -> GameResult<()> {
// Extract the data we need first to avoid borrow conflicts
let ghost_start_positions = {
let map = world.resource::<Map>();
[
(Ghost::Blinky, map.start_positions.blinky),
(Ghost::Pinky, map.start_positions.pinky),
(Ghost::Inky, map.start_positions.inky),
(Ghost::Clyde, map.start_positions.clyde),
]
};
for (ghost_type, start_node) in ghost_start_positions {
// Create the ghost bundle in a separate scope to manage borrows
let ghost = {
let atlas = world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>();
// Create directional animated textures for the ghost
let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
let mut stopped_textures = [None, None, None, None];
for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
let moving_prefix = match direction {
Direction::Up => "up",
Direction::Down => "down",
Direction::Left => "left",
Direction::Right => "right",
};
let moving_tiles = vec![
SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/{}_{}.png", ghost_type.as_str(), moving_prefix, "a"))
.ok_or_else(|| {
GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
"ghost/{}/{}_{}.png",
ghost_type.as_str(),
moving_prefix,
"a"
)))
})?,
SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/{}_{}.png", ghost_type.as_str(), moving_prefix, "b"))
.ok_or_else(|| {
GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
"ghost/{}/{}_{}.png",
ghost_type.as_str(),
moving_prefix,
"b"
)))
})?,
];
let stopped_tiles = vec![SpriteAtlas::get_tile(
atlas,
&format!("ghost/{}/{}_{}.png", ghost_type.as_str(), moving_prefix, "a"),
)
.ok_or_else(|| {
GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
"ghost/{}/{}_{}.png",
ghost_type.as_str(),
moving_prefix,
"a"
)))
})?];
textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.2)?);
stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1)?);
}
GhostBundle {
ghost: ghost_type,
position: Position::Stopped { node: start_node },
velocity: Velocity {
speed: ghost_type.base_speed(),
direction: Direction::Left,
},
sprite: Renderable {
sprite: SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/left_a.png", ghost_type.as_str())).ok_or_else(
|| {
GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
"ghost/{}/left_a.png",
ghost_type.as_str()
)))
},
)?,
layer: 0,
visible: true,
},
directional_animated: DirectionalAnimated {
textures,
stopped_textures,
},
entity_type: EntityType::Ghost,
collider: Collider {
size: crate::constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 1.375,
},
ghost_collider: GhostCollider,
}
};
world.spawn(ghost);
}
Ok(())
}
/// Executes one frame of game logic by running all scheduled ECS systems.
///
/// Updates the world's delta time resource and runs the complete system pipeline:
/// input processing, entity movement, collision detection, item collection,
/// audio playback, animation updates, and rendering. Each system operates on
/// relevant entities and modifies world state, with the schedule ensuring
/// proper execution order and data dependencies.
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `dt` - Frame delta time in seconds for time-based animations and movement
///
/// # Returns
///
/// `true` if the game should terminate (exit command received), `false` to continue
pub fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32) -> bool {
self.world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(dt));
// Run all systems
self.schedule.run(&mut self.world);
let state = self
.world
.get_resource::<GlobalState>()
.expect("GlobalState could not be acquired");
state.exit
}
// fn check_collisions(&mut self) {
// // Check Pac-Man vs Items
// let potential_collisions = self
// .state
// .collision_system
// .potential_collisions(&self.state.pacman.position());
// for entity_id in potential_collisions {
// if entity_id != self.state.pacman_id {
// // Check if this is an item collision
// if let Some(item_index) = self.find_item_by_id(entity_id) {
// let item = &mut self.state.items[item_index];
// if !item.is_collected() {
// item.collect();
// self.state.score += item.get_score();
// self.state.audio.eat();
// // Handle energizer effects
// if matches!(item.item_type, crate::entity::item::ItemType::Energizer) {
// // TODO: Make ghosts frightened
// tracing::info!("Energizer collected! Ghosts should become frightened.");
// }
// }
// }
// // Check if this is a ghost collision
// if let Some(_ghost_index) = self.find_ghost_by_id(entity_id) {
// // TODO: Handle Pac-Man being eaten by ghost
// tracing::info!("Pac-Man collided with ghost!");
// }
// }
// }
// }
// fn find_item_by_id(&self, entity_id: EntityId) -> Option<usize> {
// self.state.item_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == entity_id)
// }
// fn find_ghost_by_id(&self, entity_id: EntityId) -> Option<usize> {
// self.state.ghost_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == entity_id)
// }
// pub fn draw<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&mut self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>, backbuffer: &mut Texture) -> GameResult<()> {
// // Only render the map texture once and cache it
// if !self.state.map_rendered {
// let mut map_texture = self
// .state
// .texture_creator
// .create_texture_target(None, constants::CANVAS_SIZE.x, constants::CANVAS_SIZE.y)
// .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
// canvas
// .with_texture_canvas(&mut map_texture, |map_canvas| {
// let mut map_tiles = Vec::with_capacity(35);
// for i in 0..35 {
// let tile_name = format!("maze/tiles/{}.png", i);
// let tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&self.state.atlas, &tile_name).unwrap();
// map_tiles.push(tile);
// }
// MapRenderer::render_map(map_canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &mut map_tiles);
// })
// .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
// self.state.map_texture = Some(map_texture);
// self.state.map_rendered = true;
// }
// canvas.set_draw_color(Color::BLACK);
// canvas.clear();
// if let Some(ref map_texture) = self.state.map_texture {
// canvas.copy(map_texture, None, None).unwrap();
// }
// // Render all items
// for item in &self.state.items {
// if let Err(e) = item.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
// tracing::error!("Failed to render item: {}", e);
// }
// }
// // Render all ghosts
// for ghost in &self.state.ghosts {
// if let Err(e) = ghost.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
// tracing::error!("Failed to render ghost: {}", e);
// }
// }
// if let Err(e) = self.state.pacman.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
// tracing::error!("Failed to render pacman: {}", e);
// }
// if self.state.debug_mode {
// if let Err(e) =
// self.state
// .map
// .debug_render_with_cursor(canvas, &mut self.state.text_texture, &mut self.state.atlas, cursor_pos)
// {
// tracing::error!("Failed to render debug cursor: {}", e);
// }
// self.render_pathfinding_debug(canvas)?;
// }
// self.draw_hud(canvas)?;
// canvas.present();
// Ok(())
// }
// /// Renders pathfinding debug lines from each ghost to Pac-Man.
// ///
// /// Each ghost's path is drawn in its respective color with a small offset
// /// to prevent overlapping lines.
// fn render_pathfinding_debug<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>) -> GameResult<()> {
// let pacman_node = self.state.pacman.current_node_id();
// for ghost in self.state.ghosts.iter() {
// if let Ok(path) = ghost.calculate_path_to_target(&self.state.map.graph, pacman_node) {
// if path.len() < 2 {
// continue; // Skip if path is too short
// }
// // Set the ghost's color
// canvas.set_draw_color(ghost.debug_color());
// // Calculate offset based on ghost index to prevent overlapping lines
// // let offset = (i as f32) * 2.0 - 3.0; // Offset range: -3.0 to 3.0
// // Calculate a consistent offset direction for the entire path
// // let first_node = self.map.graph.get_node(path[0]).unwrap();
// // let last_node = self.map.graph.get_node(path[path.len() - 1]).unwrap();
// // Use the overall direction from start to end to determine the perpendicular offset
// let offset = match ghost.ghost_type {
// GhostType::Blinky => glam::Vec2::new(0.25, 0.5),
// GhostType::Pinky => glam::Vec2::new(-0.25, -0.25),
// GhostType::Inky => glam::Vec2::new(0.5, -0.5),
// GhostType::Clyde => glam::Vec2::new(-0.5, 0.25),
// } * 5.0;
// // Calculate offset positions for all nodes using the same perpendicular direction
// let mut offset_positions = Vec::new();
// for &node_id in &path {
// let node = self
// .state
// .map
// .graph
// .get_node(node_id)
// .ok_or(crate::error::EntityError::NodeNotFound(node_id))?;
// let pos = node.position + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
// offset_positions.push(pos + offset);
// }
// // Draw lines between the offset positions
// for window in offset_positions.windows(2) {
// if let (Some(from), Some(to)) = (window.first(), window.get(1)) {
// // Skip if the distance is too far (used for preventing lines between tunnel portals)
// if from.distance_squared(*to) > (crate::constants::CELL_SIZE * 16).pow(2) as f32 {
// continue;
// }
// // Draw the line
// canvas
// .draw_line((from.x as i32, from.y as i32), (to.x as i32, to.y as i32))
// .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
// }
// }
// }
// }
// Ok(())
// }
// fn draw_hud<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&mut self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>) -> GameResult<()> {
// let lives = 3;
// let score_text = format!("{:02}", self.state.score);
// let x_offset = 4;
// let y_offset = 2;
// let lives_offset = 3;
// let score_offset = 7 - (score_text.len() as i32);
// self.state.text_texture.set_scale(1.0);
// if let Err(e) = self.state.text_texture.render(
// canvas,
// &mut self.state.atlas,
// &format!("{lives}UP HIGH SCORE "),
// glam::UVec2::new(8 * lives_offset as u32 + x_offset, y_offset),
// ) {
// tracing::error!("Failed to render HUD text: {}", e);
// }
// if let Err(e) = self.state.text_texture.render(
// canvas,
// &mut self.state.atlas,
// &score_text,
// glam::UVec2::new(8 * score_offset as u32 + x_offset, 8 + y_offset),
// ) {
// tracing::error!("Failed to render score text: {}", e);
// }
// // Display FPS information in top-left corner
// // let fps_text = format!("FPS: {:.1} (1s) / {:.1} (10s)", self.fps_1s, self.fps_10s);
// // self.render_text_on(
// // canvas,
// // &*texture_creator,
// // &fps_text,
// // IVec2::new(10, 10),
// // Color::RGB(255, 255, 0), // Yellow color for FPS display
// // );
// Ok(())
// }
}