feat: improve debug rendering performance via batch rendering of rects

fix: avoid padding jitter with constant name padding, minor timing calculation fixes
feat: implement optimized text rendering by caching font characters into special atlas
2025-12-06 03:15:48 -06:00 · 2025-09-03 19:15:05 -05:00 · 2025-09-03 19:00:45 -05:00 · 2025-09-03 17:31:48 -05:00 · 2025-09-03 17:31:06 -05:00 · 2025-09-03 17:31:06 -05:00
85 changed files with 6406 additions and 3175 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yaml
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ jobs:
          done

      - name: Upload Artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v4
        if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' && github.event_name == 'push'
        with:
          path: "./dist/"
--- a/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coverage.yaml
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ env:
 jobs:
  coverage:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN }}
    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v5
@@ -49,13 +51,13 @@ jobs:
          just coverage

      - name: Download Coveralls CLI
+        if: ${{ env.COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN != '' }}
        run: |
          # use GitHub Releases URL instead of coveralls.io because they can't maintain their own files; it 404s
          curl -L https://github.com/coverallsapp/coverage-reporter/releases/download/v0.6.15/coveralls-linux-x86_64.tar.gz | tar -xz -C /usr/local/bin

      - name: Upload coverage to Coveralls
-        env:
-          COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN }}
+        if: ${{ env.COVERALLS_REPO_TOKEN != '' }}
        run: |
          if [ ! -f "lcov.info" ]; then
            echo "Error: lcov.info file not found. Coverage generation may have failed."
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -15,3 +15,7 @@ assets/site/build.css
 # Coverage reports
 lcov.info
 coverage.html
+
+# Profiling output
+flamegraph.svg
+/profile.*
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -20,3 +20,15 @@ repos:
        language: system
        types: [rust]
        pass_filenames: false
+      - id: cargo-check
+        name: cargo check
+        entry: cargo check --all-targets
+        language: system
+        types_or: [rust, cargo, cargo-lock]
+        pass_filenames: false
+      - id: cargo-check-wasm
+        name: cargo check for wasm32-unknown-emscripten
+        entry: cargo check --all-targets --target=wasm32-unknown-emscripten
+        language: system
+        types_or: [rust, cargo, cargo-lock]
+        pass_filenames: false
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "bevy_reflect",
 "bevy_tasks",
 "bevy_utils",
- "bitflags 2.9.1",
+ "bitflags 2.9.4",
 "bumpalo",
 "concurrent-queue",
 "derive_more",
@@ -221,9 +221,9 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"

 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.9.1"
+version = "2.9.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b8e56985ec62d17e9c1001dc89c88ecd7dc08e47eba5ec7c29c7b5eeecde967"
+checksum = "2261d10cca569e4643e526d8dc2e62e433cc8aba21ab764233731f8d369bf394"
 dependencies = [
 "serde",
 ]
@@ -336,9 +336,9 @@ checksum = "c9c272297e804878a2a4b707cfcfc6d2328b5bb936944613b4fdf2b9269afdfd"

 [[package]]
 name = "downcast-rs"
-version = "2.0.1"
+version = "2.0.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ea8a8b81cacc08888170eef4d13b775126db426d0b348bee9d18c2c1eaf123cf"
+checksum = "117240f60069e65410b3ae1bb213295bd828f707b5bec6596a1afc8793ce0cbc"

 [[package]]
 name = "equivalent"
@@ -527,11 +527,11 @@ checksum = "b5e6163cb8c49088c2c36f57875e58ccd8c87c7427f7fbd50ea6710b2f3f2e8f"

 [[package]]
 name = "matchers"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8263075bb86c5a1b1427b5ae862e8889656f126e9f77c484496e8b47cf5c5558"
+checksum = "d1525a2a28c7f4fa0fc98bb91ae755d1e2d1505079e05539e35bc876b5d65ae9"
 dependencies = [
- "regex-automata 0.1.10",
+ "regex-automata",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -554,12 +554,11 @@ checksum = "610a5acd306ec67f907abe5567859a3c693fb9886eb1f012ab8f2a47bef3db51"

 [[package]]
 name = "nu-ansi-term"
-version = "0.46.0"
+version = "0.50.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "77a8165726e8236064dbb45459242600304b42a5ea24ee2948e18e023bf7ba84"
+checksum = "d4a28e057d01f97e61255210fcff094d74ed0466038633e95017f5beb68e4399"
 dependencies = [
- "overload",
- "winapi",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -583,26 +582,18 @@ version = "1.21.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "42f5e15c9953c5e4ccceeb2e7382a716482c34515315f7b03532b8b4e8393d2d"

-[[package]]
-name = "overload"
-version = "0.1.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b15813163c1d831bf4a13c3610c05c0d03b39feb07f7e09fa234dac9b15aaf39"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "pacman"
 version = "0.2.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
 "bevy_ecs",
- "bitflags 2.9.1",
+ "bitflags 2.9.4",
 "circular-buffer",
 "glam 0.30.5",
- "lazy_static",
 "libc",
 "micromap",
 "num-width",
- "once_cell",
 "parking_lot",
 "pathfinding",
 "phf",
@@ -620,7 +611,8 @@ dependencies = [
 "tracing",
 "tracing-error",
 "tracing-subscriber",
- "winapi",
+ "windows",
+ "windows-sys 0.60.2",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -668,9 +660,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "phf"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "913273894cec178f401a31ec4b656318d95473527be05c0752cc41cdc32be8b7"
+checksum = "c1562dc717473dbaa4c1f85a36410e03c047b2e7df7f45ee938fbef64ae7fadf"
 dependencies = [
 "phf_macros",
 "phf_shared",
@@ -679,9 +671,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "phf_generator"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2cbb1126afed61dd6368748dae63b1ee7dc480191c6262a3b4ff1e29d86a6c5b"
+checksum = "135ace3a761e564ec88c03a77317a7c6b80bb7f7135ef2544dbe054243b89737"
 dependencies = [
 "fastrand",
 "phf_shared",
@@ -689,9 +681,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "phf_macros"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d713258393a82f091ead52047ca779d37e5766226d009de21696c4e667044368"
+checksum = "812f032b54b1e759ccd5f8b6677695d5268c588701effba24601f6932f8269ef"
 dependencies = [
 "phf_generator",
 "phf_shared",
@@ -702,9 +694,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "phf_shared"
-version = "0.12.1"
+version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "06005508882fb681fd97892ecff4b7fd0fee13ef1aa569f8695dae7ab9099981"
+checksum = "e57fef6bc5981e38c2ce2d63bfa546861309f875b8a75f092d1d54ae2d64f266"
 dependencies = [
 "siphasher",
 ]
@@ -730,6 +722,15 @@ dependencies = [
 "portable-atomic",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "ppv-lite86"
+version = "0.2.21"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "85eae3c4ed2f50dcfe72643da4befc30deadb458a9b590d720cde2f2b1e97da9"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerocopy",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pretty_assertions"
 version = "1.4.1"
@@ -770,6 +771,17 @@ version = "0.9.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6db2770f06117d490610c7488547d543617b21bfa07796d7a12f6f1bd53850d1"
 dependencies = [
+ "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_chacha"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3022b5f1df60f26e1ffddd6c66e8aa15de382ae63b3a0c1bfc0e4d3e3f325cb"
+dependencies = [
+ "ppv-lite86",
 "rand_core",
 ]

@@ -788,28 +800,7 @@ version = "0.5.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5407465600fb0548f1442edf71dd20683c6ed326200ace4b1ef0763521bb3b77"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.1",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "regex"
-version = "1.11.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b544ef1b4eac5dc2db33ea63606ae9ffcfac26c1416a2806ae0bf5f56b201191"
-dependencies = [
- "aho-corasick",
- "memchr",
- "regex-automata 0.4.9",
- "regex-syntax 0.8.5",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "regex-automata"
-version = "0.1.10"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6c230d73fb8d8c1b9c0b3135c5142a8acee3a0558fb8db5cf1cb65f8d7862132"
-dependencies = [
- "regex-syntax 0.6.29",
+ "bitflags 2.9.4",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -820,15 +811,9 @@ checksum = "809e8dc61f6de73b46c85f4c96486310fe304c434cfa43669d7b40f711150908"
 dependencies = [
 "aho-corasick",
 "memchr",
- "regex-syntax 0.8.5",
+ "regex-syntax",
 ]

-[[package]]
-name = "regex-syntax"
-version = "0.6.29"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f162c6dd7b008981e4d40210aca20b4bd0f9b60ca9271061b07f78537722f2e1"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "regex-syntax"
 version = "0.8.5"
@@ -912,9 +897,9 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.142"
+version = "1.0.143"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "030fedb782600dcbd6f02d479bf0d817ac3bb40d644745b769d6a96bc3afc5a7"
+checksum = "d401abef1d108fbd9cbaebc3e46611f4b1021f714a0597a71f41ee463f5f4a5a"
 dependencies = [
 "itoa",
 "memchr",
@@ -973,7 +958,7 @@ version = "1.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "14ac0e4b54d028c2000a13895bcd84cd02a1d63c4f78e08e4ec5ec8f53efd4b9"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys",
+ "windows-sys 0.60.2",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -1013,18 +998,18 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
-version = "2.0.14"
+version = "2.0.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0b0949c3a6c842cbde3f1686d6eea5a010516deb7085f79db747562d4102f41e"
+checksum = "3467d614147380f2e4e374161426ff399c91084acd2363eaf549172b3d5e60c0"
 dependencies = [
 "thiserror-impl",
 ]

 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror-impl"
-version = "2.0.14"
+version = "2.0.16"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cc5b44b4ab9c2fdd0e0512e6bece8388e214c0749f5862b114cc5b7a25daf227"
+checksum = "6c5e1be1c48b9172ee610da68fd9cd2770e7a4056cb3fc98710ee6906f0c7960"
 dependencies = [
 "proc-macro2",
 "quote",
@@ -1119,14 +1104,14 @@ dependencies = [

 [[package]]
 name = "tracing-subscriber"
-version = "0.3.19"
+version = "0.3.20"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e8189decb5ac0fa7bc8b96b7cb9b2701d60d48805aca84a238004d665fcc4008"
+checksum = "2054a14f5307d601f88daf0553e1cbf472acc4f2c51afab632431cdcd72124d5"
 dependencies = [
 "matchers",
 "nu-ansi-term",
 "once_cell",
- "regex",
+ "regex-automata",
 "sharded-slab",
 "smallvec",
 "thread_local",
@@ -1277,7 +1262,7 @@ version = "24.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "50ac044c0e76c03a0378e7786ac505d010a873665e2d51383dcff8dd227dc69c"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.1",
+ "bitflags 2.9.4",
 "js-sys",
 "log",
 "serde",
@@ -1285,26 +1270,115 @@ dependencies = [
 ]

 [[package]]
-name = "winapi"
-version = "0.3.9"
+name = "windows"
+version = "0.61.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5c839a674fcd7a98952e593242ea400abe93992746761e38641405d28b00f419"
+checksum = "9babd3a767a4c1aef6900409f85f5d53ce2544ccdfaa86dad48c91782c6d6893"
 dependencies = [
- "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu",
- "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu",
+ "windows-collections",
+ "windows-core",
+ "windows-future",
+ "windows-link",
+ "windows-numerics",
 ]

 [[package]]
-name = "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu"
-version = "0.4.0"
+name = "windows-collections"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ac3b87c63620426dd9b991e5ce0329eff545bccbbb34f3be09ff6fb6ab51b7b6"
+checksum = "3beeceb5e5cfd9eb1d76b381630e82c4241ccd0d27f1a39ed41b2760b255c5e8"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core",
+]

 [[package]]
-name = "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
-version = "0.4.0"
+name = "windows-core"
+version = "0.61.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
+checksum = "c0fdd3ddb90610c7638aa2b3a3ab2904fb9e5cdbecc643ddb3647212781c4ae3"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-implement",
+ "windows-interface",
+ "windows-link",
+ "windows-result",
+ "windows-strings",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-future"
+version = "0.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fc6a41e98427b19fe4b73c550f060b59fa592d7d686537eebf9385621bfbad8e"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core",
+ "windows-link",
+ "windows-threading",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-implement"
+version = "0.60.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a47fddd13af08290e67f4acabf4b459f647552718f683a7b415d290ac744a836"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-interface"
+version = "0.59.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bd9211b69f8dcdfa817bfd14bf1c97c9188afa36f4750130fcdf3f400eca9fa8"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-link"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5e6ad25900d524eaabdbbb96d20b4311e1e7ae1699af4fb28c17ae66c80d798a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-numerics"
+version = "0.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9150af68066c4c5c07ddc0ce30421554771e528bde427614c61038bc2c92c2b1"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-core",
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-result"
+version = "0.3.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "56f42bd332cc6c8eac5af113fc0c1fd6a8fd2aa08a0119358686e5160d0586c6"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-strings"
+version = "0.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "56e6c93f3a0c3b36176cb1327a4958a0353d5d166c2a35cb268ace15e91d3b57"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.52.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "282be5f36a8ce781fad8c8ae18fa3f9beff57ec1b52cb3de0789201425d9a33d"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+]

 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
@@ -1347,6 +1421,15 @@ dependencies = [
 "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.53.0",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "windows-threading"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b66463ad2e0ea3bbf808b7f1d371311c80e115c0b71d60efc142cafbcfb057a6"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-link",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
@@ -1458,7 +1541,7 @@ version = "0.39.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6f42320e61fe2cfd34354ecb597f86f413484a798ba44a8ca1165c58d42da6c1"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.1",
+ "bitflags 2.9.4",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -1466,3 +1549,23 @@ name = "yansi"
 version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cfe53a6657fd280eaa890a3bc59152892ffa3e30101319d168b781ed6529b049"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy"
+version = "0.8.26"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1039dd0d3c310cf05de012d8a39ff557cb0d23087fd44cad61df08fc31907a2f"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerocopy-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy-derive"
+version = "0.8.26"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9ecf5b4cc5364572d7f4c329661bcc82724222973f2cab6f050a4e5c22f75181"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,73 +1,98 @@
 [package]
 name = "pacman"
 version = "0.2.0"
+authors = ["Xevion"]
 edition = "2021"
+rust-version = "1.86.0"
+description = "A cross-platform retro Pac-Man clone, written in Rust and supported by SDL2"
+readme = true
+homepage = "https://pacman.xevion.dev"
+repository = "https://github.com/Xevion/Pac-Man"
+license = "GPL-3.0-or-later"
+keywords = ["game", "pacman", "arcade", "sdl2"]
+categories = ["games", "emulators"]
+publish = false
+exclude = ["/assets/unpacked/**", "/assets/site/**", "/bacon.toml", "/Justfile"]
+default-run = "pacman"

 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html

 [dependencies]
+bevy_ecs = "0.16.1"
+glam = "0.30.5"
+pathfinding = "4.14"
 tracing = { version = "0.1.41", features = ["max_level_debug", "release_max_level_debug"]}
 tracing-error = "0.2.0"
-tracing-subscriber = {version = "0.3.17", features = ["env-filter"]}
-lazy_static = "1.5.0"
-sdl2 = { version = "0.38.0", features = ["image", "ttf"] }
-spin_sleep = "1.3.2"
-rand = { version = "0.9.2", default-features = false, features = ["small_rng", "os_rng"] }
-pathfinding = "4.14"
-once_cell = "1.21.3"
-thiserror = "2.0.14"
+tracing-subscriber = {version = "0.3.20", features = ["env-filter"]}
+thiserror = "2.0.16"
 anyhow = "1.0"
-glam = "0.30.5"
-serde = { version = "1.0.219", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.142"
 smallvec = "1.15.1"
+bitflags = "2.9.4"
+micromap = "0.1.0"
+circular-buffer = "1.1.0"
+parking_lot = "0.12.3"
 strum = "0.27.2"
 strum_macros = "0.27.2"
-phf = { version = "0.12.1", features = ["macros"] }
-bevy_ecs = "0.16.1"
-bitflags = "2.9.1"
-parking_lot = "0.12.3"
-micromap = "0.1.0"
 thousands = "0.2.0"
-pretty_assertions = "1.4.1"
 num-width = "0.1.0"
-circular-buffer = "1.1.0"
+# While not actively used in code, `build.rs` generates code that relies on this. Keep the versions synchronized.
+phf = { version = "0.13.1", features = ["macros"] }

+# Windows-specific dependencies
+[target.'cfg(target_os = "windows")'.dependencies]
+# Used for customizing console output on Windows; both are required due to the `windows` crate having poor Result handling with `GetStdHandle`.
+windows = { version = "0.61.3", features = ["Win32_Security", "Win32_Storage_FileSystem", "Win32_System_Console"] }
+windows-sys = { version = "0.60.2", features = ["Win32_System_Console"] }
+
+# Desktop-specific dependencies
+[target.'cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))'.dependencies]
+# On desktop platforms, build SDL2 with cargo-vcpkg
+sdl2 = { version = "0.38", default-features = false, features = ["image", "ttf", "gfx", "mixer", "unsafe_textures", "static-link", "use-vcpkg"] }
+rand = { version = "0.9.2", default-features = false, features = ["thread_rng"] }
+spin_sleep = "1.3.2"
+
+# Browser-specific dependencies
+[target.'cfg(target_os = "emscripten")'.dependencies]
+# On Emscripten, we don't use cargo-vcpkg
+sdl2 = { version = "0.38", default-features = false, features = ["image", "ttf", "gfx", "mixer", "unsafe_textures"] }
+# TODO: Document why Emscripten cannot use `os_rng`.
+rand = { version = "0.9.2", default-features = false, features = ["small_rng", "os_rng"] }
+libc = "0.2.175"  # TODO: Describe why this is required.
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+pretty_assertions = "1.4.1"
+
+[build-dependencies]
+phf = { version = "0.13.1", features = ["macros"] }
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.143"
+
+# phf generates runtime code which machete will not detect
+[package.metadata.cargo-machete]
+ignored = ["phf"]
+
+# Release profile for profiling (essentially the default 'release' profile with debug enabled)
+[profile.profile]
+inherits = "release"
+debug = true
+# Undo the customizations for our release profile
+opt-level = 3
+lto = false
+panic = 'unwind'
+
+# Optimized release profile for size
 [profile.release]
+opt-level = "z"
 lto = true
 panic = "abort"
-opt-level = "z"
-
-[target.'cfg(target_os = "windows")'.dependencies.winapi]
-version = "0.3"
-features = ["consoleapi", "fileapi", "handleapi", "processenv", "winbase", "wincon", "winnt", "winuser", "windef", "minwindef"]
-
-
-[target.'cfg(target_os = "emscripten")'.dependencies.sdl2]
-version = "0.38"
-default-features = false
-features = ["ttf","image","gfx","mixer"]
-
-[target.'cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))'.dependencies.sdl2]
-version = "0.38"
-default-features = false
-features = ["ttf","image","gfx","mixer","static-link","use-vcpkg"]

 [package.metadata.vcpkg]
 dependencies = ["sdl2", "sdl2-image", "sdl2-ttf", "sdl2-gfx", "sdl2-mixer"]
 git = "https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg"
-rev = "2024.05.24" # release 2024.05.24 # to check for a new one, check https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg/releases
+rev = "2024.05.24" # to check for a new one, check https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg/releases

 [package.metadata.vcpkg.target]
 x86_64-pc-windows-msvc = { triplet = "x64-windows-static-md" }
 x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu = { triplet = "x64-linux" }
 x86_64-apple-darwin = { triplet = "x64-osx" }
 aarch64-apple-darwin = { triplet = "arm64-osx" }
-
-[target.'cfg(target_os = "emscripten")'.dependencies]
-libc = "0.2.175"
-
-[build-dependencies]
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0"
-phf = { version = "0.12.1", features = ["macros"] }
--- a/11
+++ b/11
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ set windows-shell := ["powershell.exe", "-NoLogo", "-Command"]
 # You can use src\\\\..., but the filename alone is acceptable too
 coverage_exclude_pattern := "src\\\\app.rs|audio.rs|src\\\\error.rs|platform\\\\emscripten.rs"

+binary_extension := if os() == "windows" { ".exe" } else { "" }
+
 # !!! --ignore-filename-regex should be used on both reports & coverage testing
 # !!! --remap-path-prefix prevents the absolute path from being used in the generated report

@@ -31,3 +33,12 @@ coverage:
    --output-path lcov.info \
    --profile coverage \
    --no-fail-fast nextest
+
+# Profile the project using 'samply'
+samply:
+    cargo build --profile profile
+    samply record ./target/profile/pacman{{ binary_extension }}
+
+# Build the project for Emscripten
+web:
+    bun run web.build.ts
--- a/675
+++ b/675
@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+# GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+
+Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+<https://fsf.org/>
+
+Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
+license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+## Preamble
+
+The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
+software and other kinds of works.
+
+The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
+to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
+the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom
+to share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains
+free software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use
+the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies
+also to any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply
+it to your programs, too.
+
+When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
+price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
+have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
+them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
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+
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+
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+
+Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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+
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+
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+
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+
+The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
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+
+## TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
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+
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+### 6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
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+
+### 7. Additional Terms.
+
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+Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
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+
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+
+A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
+License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
+work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
+
+A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims owned
+or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
+hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
+by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
+but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
+consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
+purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
+patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
+this License.
+
+Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
+patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
+make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
+propagate the contents of its contributor version.
+
+In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
+agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
+(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
+sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
+party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
+patent against the party.
+
+If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
+and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
+to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
+publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
+then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
+available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
+patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
+consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
+license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
+actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
+covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
+in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
+country that you have reason to believe are valid.
+
+If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
+arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
+covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
+receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
+or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
+you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
+work and works based on it.
+
+A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within the
+scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on
+the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically
+granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you
+are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
+business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the
+third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the
+work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties
+who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent
+license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by
+you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in
+connection with specific products or compilations that contain the
+covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent
+license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
+
+Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+### 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+
+If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
+covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under
+this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
+consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to
+terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying
+from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could
+satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely
+from conveying the Program.
+
+### 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+
+Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
+permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
+under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
+combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
+License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
+but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
+section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
+combination as such.
+
+### 14. Revised Versions of this License.
+
+The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions
+will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
+detail to address new problems or concerns.
+
+Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
+specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public
+License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
+following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or
+of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the
+Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General Public
+License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free
+Software Foundation.
+
+If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions
+of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's public
+statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to
+choose that version for the Program.
+
+Later license versions may give you additional or different
+permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
+author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
+later version.
+
+### 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
+THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
+APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT
+WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
+PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE
+DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
+CORRECTION.
+
+### 16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR
+CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
+INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT
+NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR
+LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM
+TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
+PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+### 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+## How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
+terms.
+
+To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to
+attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state
+the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
+"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+        <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+        Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+        This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+        it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+        the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+        (at your option) any later version.
+
+        This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+        but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+        MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+        GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+        You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+        along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
+mail.
+
+If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+        <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+        This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+        This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+        under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands \`show w' and \`show c' should show the
+appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your
+program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would
+use an "about box".
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
+school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
+necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow
+the GNU GPL, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your
+program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
+library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
+applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
+GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first,
+please read <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
--- a/assets/game/TerminalVector.ttf
+++ b/assets/game/TerminalVector.ttf
--- a/build.rs
+++ b/build.rs
@@ -19,6 +19,15 @@ struct MapperFrame {
    height: u16,
 }

+impl MapperFrame {
+    fn to_u16vec2_format(self) -> String {
+        format!(
+            "MapperFrame {{ pos: glam::U16Vec2::new({}, {}), size: glam::U16Vec2::new({}, {}) }}",
+            self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 fn main() {
    let path = Path::new(&env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap()).join("atlas_data.rs");
    let mut file = BufWriter::new(File::create(&path).unwrap());
@@ -37,12 +46,7 @@ fn main() {
    .unwrap();

    for (name, frame) in atlas_mapper.frames {
-        writeln!(
-            &mut file,
-            "    \"{}\" => MapperFrame {{ x: {}, y: {}, width: {}, height: {} }},",
-            name, frame.x, frame.y, frame.width, frame.height
-        )
-        .unwrap();
+        writeln!(&mut file, "    \"{}\" => {},", name, frame.to_u16vec2_format()).unwrap();
    }

    writeln!(&mut file, "}};").unwrap();
--- a/src/app.rs
+++ b/src/app.rs
@@ -1,38 +1,43 @@
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

-use glam::Vec2;
-use sdl2::render::TextureCreator;
-use sdl2::ttf::Sdl2TtfContext;
-use sdl2::video::WindowContext;
-use sdl2::{AudioSubsystem, EventPump, Sdl, VideoSubsystem};
-
 use crate::error::{GameError, GameResult};

 use crate::constants::{CANVAS_SIZE, LOOP_TIME, SCALE};
 use crate::game::Game;
-use crate::platform::get_platform;
+use crate::platform;
+use sdl2::{AudioSubsystem, Sdl};

+/// Main application wrapper that manages SDL initialization, window lifecycle, and the game loop.
+///
+/// Handles platform-specific setup, maintains consistent frame timing, and delegates
+/// game logic to the contained `Game` instance. The app manages focus state to
+/// optimize CPU usage when the window loses focus.
 pub struct App {
    pub game: Game,
    last_tick: Instant,
    focused: bool,
-    _cursor_pos: Vec2,
+    // Keep SDL alive for the app lifetime so subsystems (audio) are not shut down
+    _sdl_context: Sdl,
+    _audio_subsystem: AudioSubsystem,
 }

 impl App {
+    /// Initializes SDL subsystems, creates the game window, and sets up the game state.
+    ///
+    /// Performs comprehensive initialization including video/audio subsystems,
+    /// window creation with proper scaling, and canvas configuration. All SDL
+    /// resources are leaked to maintain 'static lifetimes required by the game architecture.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `GameError::Sdl` if any SDL initialization step fails, or propagates
+    /// errors from `Game::new()` during game state setup.
    pub fn new() -> GameResult<Self> {
-        let sdl_context: &'static Sdl = Box::leak(Box::new(sdl2::init().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
-        let video_subsystem: &'static VideoSubsystem =
-            Box::leak(Box::new(sdl_context.video().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
-        let _audio_subsystem: &'static AudioSubsystem =
-            Box::leak(Box::new(sdl_context.audio().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
-        let _ttf_context: &'static Sdl2TtfContext =
-            Box::leak(Box::new(sdl2::ttf::init().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
-        let event_pump: &'static mut EventPump =
-            Box::leak(Box::new(sdl_context.event_pump().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
-
-        // Initialize platform-specific console
-        get_platform().init_console()?;
+        let sdl_context = sdl2::init().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+        let video_subsystem = sdl_context.video().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+        let audio_subsystem = sdl_context.audio().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+        // TTF context is initialized within Game::new where it is leaked for font usage
+        let event_pump = sdl_context.event_pump().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;

        let window = video_subsystem
            .window(
@@ -45,19 +50,17 @@ impl App {
            .build()
            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;

-        let canvas = Box::leak(Box::new(
-            window
-                .into_canvas()
-                .accelerated()
-                .build()
-                .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?,
-        ));
+        let mut canvas = window
+            .into_canvas()
+            .accelerated()
+            .build()
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;

        canvas
            .set_logical_size(CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;

-        let texture_creator: &'static mut TextureCreator<WindowContext> = Box::leak(Box::new(canvas.texture_creator()));
+        let texture_creator = canvas.texture_creator();

        let game = Game::new(canvas, texture_creator, event_pump)?;
        // game.audio.set_mute(cfg!(debug_assertions));
@@ -66,41 +69,27 @@ impl App {
            game,
            focused: true,
            last_tick: Instant::now(),
-            _cursor_pos: Vec2::ZERO,
+            _sdl_context: sdl_context,
+            _audio_subsystem: audio_subsystem,
        })
    }

+    /// Executes a single frame of the game loop with consistent timing and optional sleep.
+    ///
+    /// Calculates delta time since the last frame, runs game logic via `game.tick()`,
+    /// and implements frame rate limiting by sleeping for remaining time if the frame
+    /// completed faster than the target `LOOP_TIME`. Sleep behavior varies based on
+    /// window focus to conserve CPU when the game is not active.
+    ///
+    /// # Returns
+    ///
+    /// `true` if the game should continue running, `false` if the game requested exit.
    pub fn run(&mut self) -> bool {
        {
            let start = Instant::now();

-            // for event in self
-            //     .game
-            //     .world
-            //     .get_non_send_resource_mut::<&'static mut EventPump>()
-            //     .unwrap()
-            //     .poll_iter()
-            // {
-            //     match event {
-            //         Event::Window { win_event, .. } => match win_event {
-            //             WindowEvent::FocusGained => {
-            //                 self.focused = true;
-            //             }
-            //             WindowEvent::FocusLost => {
-            //                 self.focused = false;
-            //             }
-            //             _ => {}
-            //         },
-            //         Event::MouseMotion { x, y, .. } => {
-            //             // Convert window coordinates to logical coordinates
-            //             self.cursor_pos = Vec2::new(x as f32, y as f32);
-            //         }
-            //         _ => {}
-            //     }
-            // }
-
            let dt = self.last_tick.elapsed().as_secs_f32();
-            self.last_tick = Instant::now();
+            self.last_tick = start;

            let exit = self.game.tick(dt);

@@ -112,7 +101,7 @@ impl App {
            if start.elapsed() < LOOP_TIME {
                let time = LOOP_TIME.saturating_sub(start.elapsed());
                if time != Duration::ZERO {
-                    get_platform().sleep(time, self.focused);
+                    platform::sleep(time, self.focused);
                }
            }

--- a/src/asset.rs
+++ b/src/asset.rs
@@ -5,16 +5,28 @@
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use strum_macros::EnumIter;

+/// Enumeration of all game assets with cross-platform loading support.
+///
+/// Each variant corresponds to a specific file that can be loaded either from
+/// binary-embedded data or embedded filesystem (Emscripten).
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, EnumIter)]
 pub enum Asset {
    Wav1,
    Wav2,
    Wav3,
    Wav4,
-    Atlas,
+    /// Main sprite atlas containing all game graphics (atlas.png)
+    AtlasImage,
+    /// Terminal Vector font for text rendering (TerminalVector.ttf)
+    Font,
 }

 impl Asset {
+    /// Returns the relative file path for this asset within the game's asset directory.
+    ///
+    /// Paths are consistent across platforms and used by the Emscripten backend
+    /// for filesystem loading. Desktop builds embed assets directly and don't
+    /// use these paths at runtime.
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn path(&self) -> &str {
        use Asset::*;
@@ -23,7 +35,8 @@ impl Asset {
            Wav2 => "sound/waka/2.ogg",
            Wav3 => "sound/waka/3.ogg",
            Wav4 => "sound/waka/4.ogg",
-            Atlas => "atlas.png",
+            AtlasImage => "atlas.png",
+            Font => "TerminalVector.ttf",
        }
    }
 }
@@ -31,11 +44,21 @@ impl Asset {
 mod imp {
    use super::*;
    use crate::error::AssetError;
-    use crate::platform::get_platform;
+    use crate::platform;

-    /// Returns the raw bytes of the given asset.
+    /// Loads asset bytes using the appropriate platform-specific method.
+    ///
+    /// On desktop platforms, returns embedded compile-time data via `include_bytes!`.
+    /// On Emscripten, loads from the filesystem using the asset's path. The returned
+    /// `Cow` allows zero-copy access to embedded data while supporting owned data
+    /// when loaded from disk.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `AssetError::NotFound` if the asset file cannot be located (Emscripten only),
+    /// or `AssetError::Io` for filesystem I/O failures.
    pub fn get_asset_bytes(asset: Asset) -> Result<Cow<'static, [u8]>, AssetError> {
-        get_platform().get_asset_bytes(asset)
+        platform::get_asset_bytes(asset)
    }
 }

--- a/src/audio.rs
+++ b/src/audio.rs
@@ -114,9 +114,11 @@ impl Audio {
        }
    }

-    /// Plays the "eat" sound effect.
+    /// Plays the next waka eating sound in the cycle of four variants.
    ///
-    /// If audio is disabled or muted, this function does nothing.
+    /// Automatically rotates through the four eating sound assets. The sound plays on channel 0 and the internal sound index
+    /// advances to the next variant. Silently returns if audio is disabled, muted,
+    /// or no sounds were loaded successfully.
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn eat(&mut self) {
        if self.disabled || self.muted || self.sounds.is_empty() {
@@ -136,9 +138,11 @@ impl Audio {
        self.next_sound_index = (self.next_sound_index + 1) % self.sounds.len();
    }

-    /// Instantly mute or unmute all channels.
+    /// Instantly mutes or unmutes all audio channels by adjusting their volume.
    ///
-    /// If audio is disabled, this function does nothing.
+    /// Sets all 4 mixer channels to zero volume when muting, or restores them to
+    /// their default volume (32) when unmuting. The mute state is tracked internally
+    /// regardless of whether audio is disabled, allowing the state to be preserved.
    pub fn set_mute(&mut self, mute: bool) {
        if !self.disabled {
            let channels = 4;
@@ -151,12 +155,19 @@ impl Audio {
        self.muted = mute;
    }

-    /// Returns `true` if the audio is muted.
+    /// Returns the current mute state regardless of whether audio is functional.
+    ///
+    /// This tracks the user's mute preference and will return `true` if muted
+    /// even when the audio system is disabled due to initialization failures.
    pub fn is_muted(&self) -> bool {
        self.muted
    }

-    /// Returns `true` if the audio system is disabled.
+    /// Returns whether the audio system failed to initialize and is non-functional.
+    ///
+    /// Audio can be disabled due to SDL2_mixer initialization failures, missing
+    /// audio device, or failure to load any sound assets. When disabled, all
+    /// audio operations become no-ops.
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn is_disabled(&self) -> bool {
        self.disabled
--- a/src/bin/timing_demo.rs
+++ b/src/bin/timing_demo.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+use circular_buffer::CircularBuffer;
+use pacman::constants::CANVAS_SIZE;
+use sdl2::event::Event;
+use sdl2::keyboard::Keycode;
+use sdl2::pixels::Color;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+fn main() -> Result<(), String> {
+    let sdl_context = sdl2::init()?;
+    let video_subsystem = sdl_context.video()?;
+
+    let window = video_subsystem
+        .window("SDL2 Timing Demo", CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
+        .opengl()
+        .position_centered()
+        .build()
+        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
+    let mut canvas = window.into_canvas().accelerated().build().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+    canvas
+        .set_logical_size(CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
+        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
+    let mut event_pump = sdl_context.event_pump()?;
+
+    // Store frame timings in milliseconds
+    let mut frame_timings = CircularBuffer::<20_000, f64>::new();
+    let mut last_report_time = Instant::now();
+    let report_interval = Duration::from_millis(500);
+
+    'running: loop {
+        let frame_start_time = Instant::now();
+
+        for event in event_pump.poll_iter() {
+            match event {
+                Event::Quit { .. }
+                | Event::KeyDown {
+                    keycode: Some(Keycode::Escape),
+                    ..
+                } => {
+                    break 'running;
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Clear the screen
+        canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGB(0, 0, 0));
+        canvas.clear();
+        canvas.present();
+
+        // Record timing
+        let frame_duration = frame_start_time.elapsed();
+        frame_timings.push_back(frame_duration.as_secs_f64());
+
+        // Report stats every `report_interval`
+        let elapsed = last_report_time.elapsed();
+        if elapsed >= report_interval {
+            if !frame_timings.is_empty() {
+                let count = frame_timings.len() as f64;
+                let sum: f64 = frame_timings.iter().sum();
+                let mean = sum / count;
+
+                let variance = frame_timings
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|value| {
+                        let diff = mean - value;
+                        diff * diff
+                    })
+                    .sum::<f64>()
+                    / count;
+                let std_dev = variance.sqrt();
+
+                println!(
+                    "Rendered {count} frames at {fps:.1} fps (last {elapsed:.2?}): mean={mean:.3?}, std_dev={std_dev:.3?}",
+                    count = frame_timings.len(),
+                    fps = count / elapsed.as_secs_f64(),
+                    elapsed = elapsed,
+                    mean = Duration::from_secs_f64(mean),
+                    std_dev = Duration::from_secs_f64(std_dev),
+                );
+            }
+
+            // Reset for next interval
+            frame_timings.clear();
+            last_report_time = Instant::now();
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
--- a/src/constants.rs
+++ b/src/constants.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,12 @@ use std::time::Duration;

 use glam::UVec2;

-pub const LOOP_TIME: Duration = Duration::from_nanos((1_000_000_000.0 / 60.0) as u64);
+/// Target frame duration for 60 FPS game loop timing.
+///
+/// Calculated as 1/60th of a second (≈16.67ms).
+///
+/// Uses integer arithmetic to avoid floating-point precision loss.
+pub const LOOP_TIME: Duration = Duration::from_nanos(1_000_000_000 / 60);

 /// The size of each cell, in pixels.
 pub const CELL_SIZE: u32 = 8;
@@ -14,32 +19,74 @@ pub const BOARD_CELL_SIZE: UVec2 = UVec2::new(28, 31);
 /// The scale factor for the window (integer zoom)
 pub const SCALE: f32 = 2.6;

-/// The offset of the game board from the top-left corner of the window, in cells.
+/// Game board offset from window origin to reserve space for HUD elements.
+///
+/// The 3-cell vertical offset (24 pixels) provides space at the top of the
+/// screen for score display, player lives, and other UI elements.
 pub const BOARD_CELL_OFFSET: UVec2 = UVec2::new(0, 3);
-/// The offset of the game board from the top-left corner of the window, in pixels.
+
+/// Pixel-space equivalent of `BOARD_CELL_OFFSET` for rendering calculations.
+///
+/// Automatically calculated from the cell offset to maintain consistency
+/// when the cell size changes. Used for positioning sprites and debug overlays.
 pub const BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET: UVec2 = UVec2::new(BOARD_CELL_OFFSET.x * CELL_SIZE, BOARD_CELL_OFFSET.y * CELL_SIZE);
+
+/// Animation timing constants for ghost state management
+pub mod animation {
+    /// Normal ghost movement animation speed (ticks per frame at 60 ticks/sec)
+    pub const GHOST_NORMAL_SPEED: u16 = 12;
+    /// Eaten ghost (eyes) animation speed (ticks per frame at 60 ticks/sec)
+    pub const GHOST_EATEN_SPEED: u16 = 6;
+    /// Frightened ghost animation speed (ticks per frame at 60 ticks/sec)
+    pub const GHOST_FRIGHTENED_SPEED: u16 = 12;
+
+    /// Time in ticks when frightened ghosts start flashing (2 seconds at 60 FPS)
+    pub const FRIGHTENED_FLASH_START_TICKS: u32 = 120;
+}
 /// The size of the canvas, in pixels.
 pub const CANVAS_SIZE: UVec2 = UVec2::new(
    (BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x + BOARD_CELL_OFFSET.x) * CELL_SIZE,
    (BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y + BOARD_CELL_OFFSET.y) * CELL_SIZE,
 );

-/// An enum representing the different types of tiles on the map.
+/// Collider size constants for different entity types
+pub mod collider {
+    use super::CELL_SIZE;
+
+    /// Collider size for player and ghosts (1.375x cell size)
+    pub const PLAYER_GHOST_SIZE: f32 = CELL_SIZE as f32 * 1.375;
+    /// Collider size for pellets (0.4x cell size)
+    pub const PELLET_SIZE: f32 = CELL_SIZE as f32 * 0.4;
+    /// Collider size for power pellets/energizers (0.95x cell size)
+    pub const POWER_PELLET_SIZE: f32 = CELL_SIZE as f32 * 0.95;
+}
+
+/// UI and rendering constants
+pub mod ui {
+    /// Debug font size in points
+    pub const DEBUG_FONT_SIZE: u16 = 12;
+    /// Power pellet blink rate in seconds
+    pub const POWER_PELLET_BLINK_RATE: f32 = 0.2;
+}
+
+/// Map tile types that define gameplay behavior and collision properties.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 pub enum MapTile {
-    /// An empty tile.
+    /// Traversable space with no collectible items
    Empty,
-    /// A wall tile.
    Wall,
-    /// A regular pellet.
+    /// Small collectible. Implicitly a traversable tile.
    Pellet,
-    /// A power pellet.
+    /// Large collectible. Implicitly a traversable tile.
    PowerPellet,
-    /// A tunnel tile.
+    /// Special traversable tile that connects to tunnel portals.
    Tunnel,
 }

-/// The raw layout of the game board, as a 2D array of characters.
+/// ASCII art representation of the classic Pac-Man maze layout.
+///
+/// Uses character symbols to define the game world. This layout is parsed by `MapTileParser`
+/// to generate the navigable graph and collision geometry.
 pub const RAW_BOARD: [&str; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize] = [
    "############################",
    "#............##............#",
@@ -73,3 +120,17 @@ pub const RAW_BOARD: [&str; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize] = [
    "#..........................#",
    "############################",
 ];
+
+/// Game initialization constants
+pub mod startup {
+    /// Number of frames for the startup sequence (3 seconds at 60 FPS)
+    pub const STARTUP_FRAMES: u32 = 60 * 3;
+    /// Number of ticks per frame during startup
+    pub const STARTUP_TICKS_PER_FRAME: u32 = 60;
+}
+
+/// Game mechanics constants
+pub mod mechanics {
+    /// Player movement speed multiplier
+    pub const PLAYER_SPEED: f32 = 1.15;
+}
--- a/src/entity/collision.rs
+++ b/src/entity/collision.rs
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-// use smallvec::SmallVec;
-// use std::collections::HashMap;
-
-// use crate::entity::{graph::NodeId, traversal::Position};
-
-// /// Trait for entities that can participate in collision detection.
-// pub trait Collidable {
-//     /// Returns the current position of this entity.
-//     fn position(&self) -> Position;
-
-//     /// Checks if this entity is colliding with another entity.
-//     #[allow(dead_code)]
-//     fn is_colliding_with(&self, other: &dyn Collidable) -> bool {
-//         positions_overlap(&self.position(), &other.position())
-//     }
-// }
-
-// /// System for tracking entities by their positions for efficient collision detection.
-// #[derive(Default)]
-// pub struct CollisionSystem {
-//     /// Maps node IDs to lists of entity IDs that are at that node
-//     node_entities: HashMap<NodeId, Vec<EntityId>>,
-//     /// Maps entity IDs to their current positions
-//     entity_positions: HashMap<EntityId, Position>,
-//     /// Next available entity ID
-//     next_id: EntityId,
-// }
-
-// /// Unique identifier for an entity in the collision system
-// pub type EntityId = u32;
-
-// impl CollisionSystem {
-//     /// Registers an entity with the collision system and returns its ID
-//     pub fn register_entity(&mut self, position: Position) -> EntityId {
-//         let id = self.next_id;
-//         self.next_id += 1;
-
-//         self.entity_positions.insert(id, position);
-//         self.update_node_entities(id, position);
-
-//         id
-//     }
-
-//     /// Updates an entity's position
-//     pub fn update_position(&mut self, entity_id: EntityId, new_position: Position) {
-//         if let Some(old_position) = self.entity_positions.get(&entity_id) {
-//             // Remove from old nodes
-//             self.remove_from_nodes(entity_id, *old_position);
-//         }
-
-//         // Update position and add to new nodes
-//         self.entity_positions.insert(entity_id, new_position);
-//         self.update_node_entities(entity_id, new_position);
-//     }
-
-//     /// Removes an entity from the collision system
-//     #[allow(dead_code)]
-//     pub fn remove_entity(&mut self, entity_id: EntityId) {
-//         if let Some(position) = self.entity_positions.remove(&entity_id) {
-//             self.remove_from_nodes(entity_id, position);
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     /// Gets all entity IDs at a specific node
-//     pub fn entities_at_node(&self, node: NodeId) -> &[EntityId] {
-//         self.node_entities.get(&node).map(|v| v.as_slice()).unwrap_or(&[])
-//     }
-
-//     /// Gets all entity IDs that could collide with an entity at the given position
-//     pub fn potential_collisions(&self, position: &Position) -> Vec<EntityId> {
-//         let mut collisions = Vec::new();
-//         let nodes = get_nodes(position);
-
-//         for node in nodes {
-//             collisions.extend(self.entities_at_node(node));
-//         }
-
-//         // Remove duplicates
-//         collisions.sort_unstable();
-//         collisions.dedup();
-//         collisions
-//     }
-
-//     /// Updates the node_entities map when an entity's position changes
-//     fn update_node_entities(&mut self, entity_id: EntityId, position: Position) {
-//         let nodes = get_nodes(&position);
-//         for node in nodes {
-//             self.node_entities.entry(node).or_default().push(entity_id);
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     /// Removes an entity from all nodes it was previously at
-//     fn remove_from_nodes(&mut self, entity_id: EntityId, position: Position) {
-//         let nodes = get_nodes(&position);
-//         for node in nodes {
-//             if let Some(entities) = self.node_entities.get_mut(&node) {
-//                 entities.retain(|&id| id != entity_id);
-//                 if entities.is_empty() {
-//                     self.node_entities.remove(&node);
-//                 }
-//             }
-//         }
-//     }
-// }
-
-// /// Checks if two positions overlap (entities are at the same location).
-// fn positions_overlap(a: &Position, b: &Position) -> bool {
-//     let a_nodes = get_nodes(a);
-//     let b_nodes = get_nodes(b);
-
-//     // Check if any nodes overlap
-//     a_nodes.iter().any(|a_node| b_nodes.contains(a_node))
-
-//     // TODO: More complex overlap detection, the above is a simple check, but it could become an early filter for more precise calculations later
-// }
-
-// /// Gets all nodes that an entity is currently at or between.
-// fn get_nodes(pos: &Position) -> SmallVec<[NodeId; 2]> {
-//     let mut nodes = SmallVec::new();
-//     match pos {
-//         Position::AtNode(node) => nodes.push(*node),
-//         Position::BetweenNodes { from, to, .. } => {
-//             nodes.push(*from);
-//             nodes.push(*to);
-//         }
-//     }
-//     nodes
-// }
--- a/src/entity/ghost.rs
+++ b/src/entity/ghost.rs
@@ -1,254 +0,0 @@
-// //! Ghost entity implementation.
-// //!
-// //! This module contains the ghost character logic, including movement,
-// //! animation, and rendering. Ghosts move through the game graph using
-// //! a traverser and display directional animated textures.
-
-// use pathfinding::prelude::dijkstra;
-// use rand::prelude::*;
-// use smallvec::SmallVec;
-// use tracing::error;
-
-// use crate::entity::{
-//     collision::Collidable,
-//     direction::Direction,
-//     graph::{Edge, EdgePermissions, Graph, NodeId},
-//     r#trait::Entity,
-//     traversal::Traverser,
-// };
-// use crate::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
-// use crate::texture::directional::DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
-// use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
-
-// use crate::error::{EntityError, GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
-
-// /// Determines if a ghost can traverse a given edge.
-// ///
-// /// Ghosts can move through edges that allow all entities or ghost-only edges.
-// fn can_ghost_traverse(edge: Edge) -> bool {
-//     matches!(edge.permissions, EdgePermissions::All | EdgePermissions::GhostsOnly)
-// }
-
-// /// The four classic ghost types.
-// #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-// pub enum GhostType {
-//     Blinky,
-//     Pinky,
-//     Inky,
-//     Clyde,
-// }
-
-// impl GhostType {
-//     /// Returns the ghost type name for atlas lookups.
-//     pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
-//         match self {
-//             GhostType::Blinky => "blinky",
-//             GhostType::Pinky => "pinky",
-//             GhostType::Inky => "inky",
-//             GhostType::Clyde => "clyde",
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     /// Returns the base movement speed for this ghost type.
-//     pub fn base_speed(self) -> f32 {
-//         match self {
-//             GhostType::Blinky => 1.0,
-//             GhostType::Pinky => 0.95,
-//             GhostType::Inky => 0.9,
-//             GhostType::Clyde => 0.85,
-//         }
-//     }
-// }
-
-// /// A ghost entity that roams the game world.
-// ///
-// /// Ghosts move through the game world using a graph-based navigation system
-// /// and display directional animated sprites. They randomly choose directions
-// /// at each intersection.
-// pub struct Ghost {
-//     /// Handles movement through the game graph
-//     pub traverser: Traverser,
-//     /// The type of ghost (affects appearance and speed)
-//     pub ghost_type: GhostType,
-//     /// Manages directional animated textures for different movement states
-//     texture: DirectionalAnimatedTexture,
-//     /// Current movement speed
-//     speed: f32,
-// }
-
-// impl Entity for Ghost {
-//     fn traverser(&self) -> &Traverser {
-//         &self.traverser
-//     }
-
-//     fn traverser_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Traverser {
-//         &mut self.traverser
-//     }
-
-//     fn texture(&self) -> &DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
-//         &self.texture
-//     }
-
-//     fn texture_mut(&mut self) -> &mut DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
-//         &mut self.texture
-//     }
-
-//     fn speed(&self) -> f32 {
-//         self.speed
-//     }
-
-//     fn can_traverse(&self, edge: Edge) -> bool {
-//         can_ghost_traverse(edge)
-//     }
-
-//     fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32, graph: &Graph) {
-//         // Choose random direction when at a node
-//         if self.traverser.position.is_at_node() {
-//             self.choose_random_direction(graph);
-//         }
-
-//         if let Err(e) = self.traverser.advance(graph, dt * 60.0 * self.speed, &can_ghost_traverse) {
-//             error!("Ghost movement error: {}", e);
-//         }
-//         self.texture.tick(dt);
-//     }
-// }
-
-// impl Ghost {
-//     /// Creates a new ghost instance at the specified starting node.
-//     ///
-//     /// Sets up animated textures for all four directions with moving and stopped states.
-//     /// The moving animation cycles through two sprite variants.
-//     pub fn new(graph: &Graph, start_node: NodeId, ghost_type: GhostType, atlas: &SpriteAtlas) -> GameResult<Self> {
-//         let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
-//         let mut stopped_textures = [None, None, None, None];
-
-//         for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
-//             let moving_prefix = match direction {
-//                 Direction::Up => "up",
-//                 Direction::Down => "down",
-//                 Direction::Left => "left",
-//                 Direction::Right => "right",
-//             };
-//             let moving_tiles = vec![
-//                 SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/{}_{}.png", ghost_type.as_str(), moving_prefix, "a"))
-//                     .ok_or_else(|| {
-//                         GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
-//                             "ghost/{}/{}_{}.png",
-//                             ghost_type.as_str(),
-//                             moving_prefix,
-//                             "a"
-//                         )))
-//                     })?,
-//                 SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/{}_{}.png", ghost_type.as_str(), moving_prefix, "b"))
-//                     .ok_or_else(|| {
-//                         GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
-//                             "ghost/{}/{}_{}.png",
-//                             ghost_type.as_str(),
-//                             moving_prefix,
-//                             "b"
-//                         )))
-//                     })?,
-//             ];
-
-//             let stopped_tiles =
-//                 vec![
-//                     SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/{}_{}.png", ghost_type.as_str(), moving_prefix, "a"))
-//                         .ok_or_else(|| {
-//                             GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
-//                                 "ghost/{}/{}_{}.png",
-//                                 ghost_type.as_str(),
-//                                 moving_prefix,
-//                                 "a"
-//                             )))
-//                         })?,
-//                 ];
-
-//             textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.2)?);
-//             stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1)?);
-//         }
-
-//         Ok(Self {
-//             traverser: Traverser::new(graph, start_node, Direction::Left, &can_ghost_traverse),
-//             ghost_type,
-//             texture: DirectionalAnimatedTexture::new(textures, stopped_textures),
-//             speed: ghost_type.base_speed(),
-//         })
-//     }
-
-//     /// Chooses a random available direction at the current intersection.
-//     fn choose_random_direction(&mut self, graph: &Graph) {
-//         let current_node = self.traverser.position.from_node_id();
-//         let intersection = &graph.adjacency_list[current_node];
-
-//         // Collect all available directions
-//         let mut available_directions = SmallVec::<[_; 4]>::new();
-//         for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
-//             if let Some(edge) = intersection.get(direction) {
-//                 if can_ghost_traverse(edge) {
-//                     available_directions.push(direction);
-//                 }
-//             }
-//         }
-//         // Choose a random direction (avoid reversing unless necessary)
-//         if !available_directions.is_empty() {
-//             let mut rng = SmallRng::from_os_rng();
-
-//             // Filter out the opposite direction if possible, but allow it if we have limited options
-//             let opposite = self.traverser.direction.opposite();
-//             let filtered_directions: Vec<_> = available_directions
-//                 .iter()
-//                 .filter(|&&dir| dir != opposite || available_directions.len() <= 2)
-//                 .collect();
-
-//             if let Some(&random_direction) = filtered_directions.choose(&mut rng) {
-//                 self.traverser.set_next_direction(*random_direction);
-//             }
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     /// Calculates the shortest path from the ghost's current position to a target node using Dijkstra's algorithm.
-//     ///
-//     /// Returns a vector of NodeIds representing the path, or an error if pathfinding fails.
-//     /// The path includes the current node and the target node.
-//     pub fn calculate_path_to_target(&self, graph: &Graph, target: NodeId) -> GameResult<Vec<NodeId>> {
-//         let start_node = self.traverser.position.from_node_id();
-
-//         // Use Dijkstra's algorithm to find the shortest path
-//         let result = dijkstra(
-//             &start_node,
-//             |&node_id| {
-//                 // Get all edges from the current node
-//                 graph.adjacency_list[node_id]
-//                     .edges()
-//                     .filter(|edge| can_ghost_traverse(*edge))
-//                     .map(|edge| (edge.target, (edge.distance * 100.0) as u32))
-//                     .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-//             },
-//             |&node_id| node_id == target,
-//         );
-
-//         result.map(|(path, _cost)| path).ok_or_else(|| {
-//             GameError::Entity(EntityError::PathfindingFailed(format!(
-//                 "No path found from node {} to target {}",
-//                 start_node, target
-//             )))
-//         })
-//     }
-
-//     /// Returns the ghost's color for debug rendering.
-//     pub fn debug_color(&self) -> sdl2::pixels::Color {
-//         match self.ghost_type {
-//             GhostType::Blinky => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(255, 0, 0),    // Red
-//             GhostType::Pinky => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(255, 182, 255), // Pink
-//             GhostType::Inky => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(0, 255, 255),    // Cyan
-//             GhostType::Clyde => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(255, 182, 85),  // Orange
-//         }
-//     }
-// }
-
-// impl Collidable for Ghost {
-//     fn position(&self) -> crate::entity::traversal::Position {
-//         self.traverser.position
-//     }
-// }
--- a/src/entity/item.rs
+++ b/src/entity/item.rs
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-// use crate::{
-//     constants,
-//     entity::{collision::Collidable, graph::Graph},
-//     error::{EntityError, GameResult},
-//     texture::sprite::{Sprite, SpriteAtlas},
-// };
-// use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
-// use strum_macros::{EnumCount, EnumIter};
-
-// #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
-// pub enum ItemType {
-//     Pellet,
-//     Energizer,
-//     #[allow(dead_code)]
-//     Fruit {
-//         kind: FruitKind,
-//     },
-// }
-
-// impl ItemType {
-//     pub fn get_score(self) -> u32 {
-//         match self {
-//             ItemType::Pellet => 10,
-//             ItemType::Energizer => 50,
-//             ItemType::Fruit { kind } => kind.get_score(),
-//         }
-//     }
-// }
-
-// #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, EnumIter, EnumCount)]
-// #[allow(dead_code)]
-// pub enum FruitKind {
-//     Apple,
-//     Strawberry,
-//     Orange,
-//     Melon,
-//     Bell,
-//     Key,
-//     Galaxian,
-// }
-
-// impl FruitKind {
-//     #[allow(dead_code)]
-//     pub fn index(self) -> u8 {
-//         match self {
-//             FruitKind::Apple => 0,
-//             FruitKind::Strawberry => 1,
-//             FruitKind::Orange => 2,
-//             FruitKind::Melon => 3,
-//             FruitKind::Bell => 4,
-//             FruitKind::Key => 5,
-//             FruitKind::Galaxian => 6,
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn get_score(self) -> u32 {
-//         match self {
-//             FruitKind::Apple => 100,
-//             FruitKind::Strawberry => 300,
-//             FruitKind::Orange => 500,
-//             FruitKind::Melon => 700,
-//             FruitKind::Bell => 1000,
-//             FruitKind::Key => 2000,
-//             FruitKind::Galaxian => 3000,
-//         }
-//     }
-// }
-
-// pub struct Item {
-//     pub node_index: usize,
-//     pub item_type: ItemType,
-//     pub sprite: Sprite,
-//     pub collected: bool,
-// }
-
-// impl Item {
-//     pub fn new(node_index: usize, item_type: ItemType, sprite: Sprite) -> Self {
-//         Self {
-//             node_index,
-//             item_type,
-//             sprite,
-//             collected: false,
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn is_collected(&self) -> bool {
-//         self.collected
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn collect(&mut self) {
-//         self.collected = true;
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn get_score(&self) -> u32 {
-//         self.item_type.get_score()
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn render<T: RenderTarget>(&self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>, atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas, graph: &Graph) -> GameResult<()> {
-//         if self.collected {
-//             return Ok(());
-//         }
-
-//         let node = graph
-//             .get_node(self.node_index)
-//             .ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(self.node_index))?;
-//         let position = node.position + constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-
-//         self.sprite.render(canvas, atlas, position)?;
-//         Ok(())
-//     }
-// }
-
-// impl Collidable for Item {
-//     fn position(&self) -> crate::entity::traversal::Position {
-//         crate::entity::traversal::Position::AtNode(self.node_index)
-//     }
-// }
--- a/src/entity/mod.rs
+++ b/src/entity/mod.rs
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-pub mod collision;
-pub mod direction;
-pub mod ghost;
-pub mod graph;
-pub mod item;
-pub mod pacman;
-pub mod r#trait;
--- a/src/entity/pacman.rs
+++ b/src/entity/pacman.rs
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-// //! Pac-Man entity implementation.
-// //!
-// //! This module contains the main player character logic, including movement,
-// //! animation, and rendering. Pac-Man moves through the game graph using
-// //! a traverser and displays directional animated textures.
-
-// use crate::entity::{
-//     collision::Collidable,
-//     direction::Direction,
-//     graph::{Edge, EdgePermissions, Graph, NodeId},
-//     r#trait::Entity,
-//     traversal::Traverser,
-// };
-// use crate::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
-// use crate::texture::directional::DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
-// use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
-// use tracing::error;
-
-// use crate::error::{GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
-
-// /// Determines if Pac-Man can traverse a given edge.
-// ///
-// /// Pac-Man can only move through edges that allow all entities.
-// fn can_pacman_traverse(edge: Edge) -> bool {
-//     matches!(edge.permissions, EdgePermissions::All)
-// }
-
-// /// The main player character entity.
-// ///
-// /// Pac-Man moves through the game world using a graph-based navigation system
-// /// and displays directional animated sprites based on movement state.
-// pub struct Pacman {
-//     /// Handles movement through the game graph
-//     pub traverser: Traverser,
-//     /// Manages directional animated textures for different movement states
-//     texture: DirectionalAnimatedTexture,
-// }
-
-// impl Entity for Pacman {
-//     fn traverser(&self) -> &Traverser {
-//         &self.traverser
-//     }
-
-//     fn traverser_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Traverser {
-//         &mut self.traverser
-//     }
-
-//     fn texture(&self) -> &DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
-//         &self.texture
-//     }
-
-//     fn texture_mut(&mut self) -> &mut DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
-//         &mut self.texture
-//     }
-
-//     fn speed(&self) -> f32 {
-//         1.125
-//     }
-
-//     fn can_traverse(&self, edge: Edge) -> bool {
-//         can_pacman_traverse(edge)
-//     }
-
-//     fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32, graph: &Graph) {
-//         if let Err(e) = self.traverser.advance(graph, dt * 60.0 * 1.125, &can_pacman_traverse) {
-//             error!("Pac-Man movement error: {}", e);
-//         }
-//         self.texture.tick(dt);
-//     }
-// }
-
-// impl Pacman {
-//     /// Creates a new Pac-Man instance at the specified starting node.
-//     ///
-//     /// Sets up animated textures for all four directions with moving and stopped states.
-//     /// The moving animation cycles through open mouth, closed mouth, and full sprites.
-//     pub fn new(graph: &Graph, start_node: NodeId, atlas: &SpriteAtlas) -> GameResult<Self> {
-//         let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
-//         let mut stopped_textures = [None, None, None, None];
-
-//         for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
-//             let moving_prefix = match direction {
-//                 Direction::Up => "pacman/up",
-//                 Direction::Down => "pacman/down",
-//                 Direction::Left => "pacman/left",
-//                 Direction::Right => "pacman/right",
-//             };
-//             let moving_tiles = vec![
-//                 SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_a.png"))
-//                     .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_a.png"))))?,
-//                 SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))
-//                     .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))))?,
-//                 SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, "pacman/full.png")
-//                     .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
-//             ];
-
-//             let stopped_tiles = vec![SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))
-//                 .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))))?];
-
-//             textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.08)?);
-//             stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1)?);
-//         }
-
-//         Ok(Self {
-//             traverser: Traverser::new(graph, start_node, Direction::Left, &can_pacman_traverse),
-//             texture: DirectionalAnimatedTexture::new(textures, stopped_textures),
-//         })
-//     }
-// }
-
-// impl Collidable for Pacman {
-//     fn position(&self) -> crate::entity::traversal::Position {
-//         self.traverser.position
-//     }
-// }
--- a/src/entity/trait.rs
+++ b/src/entity/trait.rs
@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-// //! Entity trait for common movement and rendering functionality.
-// //!
-// //! This module defines a trait that captures the shared behavior between
-// //! different game entities like Ghosts and Pac-Man, including movement,
-// //! rendering, and position calculations.
-
-// use glam::Vec2;
-// use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
-
-// use crate::entity::direction::Direction;
-// use crate::entity::graph::{Edge, Graph, NodeId};
-// use crate::entity::traversal::{Position, Traverser};
-// use crate::error::{EntityError, GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
-// use crate::texture::directional::DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
-// use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
-
-// /// Trait defining common functionality for game entities that move through the graph.
-// ///
-// /// This trait provides a unified interface for entities that:
-// /// - Move through the game graph using a traverser
-// /// - Render using directional animated textures
-// /// - Have position calculations and movement speed
-// #[allow(dead_code)]
-// pub trait Entity {
-//     /// Returns a reference to the entity's traverser for movement control.
-//     fn traverser(&self) -> &Traverser;
-
-//     /// Returns a mutable reference to the entity's traverser for movement control.
-//     fn traverser_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Traverser;
-
-//     /// Returns a reference to the entity's directional animated texture.
-//     fn texture(&self) -> &DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
-
-//     /// Returns a mutable reference to the entity's directional animated texture.
-//     fn texture_mut(&mut self) -> &mut DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
-
-//     /// Returns the movement speed multiplier for this entity.
-//     fn speed(&self) -> f32;
-
-//     /// Determines if this entity can traverse a given edge.
-//     fn can_traverse(&self, edge: Edge) -> bool;
-
-//     /// Updates the entity's position and animation state.
-//     ///
-//     /// This method advances movement through the graph and updates texture animation.
-//     fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32, graph: &Graph);
-
-//     /// Calculates the current pixel position in the game world.
-//     ///
-//     /// Converts the graph position to screen coordinates, accounting for
-//     /// the board offset and centering the sprite.
-//     fn get_pixel_pos(&self, graph: &Graph) -> GameResult<Vec2> {
-//         let pos = match self.traverser().position {
-//             Position::AtNode(node_id) => {
-//                 let node = graph.get_node(node_id).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(node_id))?;
-//                 node.position
-//             }
-//             Position::BetweenNodes { from, to, traversed } => {
-//                 let from_node = graph.get_node(from).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(from))?;
-//                 let to_node = graph.get_node(to).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(to))?;
-//                 let edge = graph.find_edge(from, to).ok_or(EntityError::EdgeNotFound { from, to })?;
-//                 from_node.position + (to_node.position - from_node.position) * (traversed / edge.distance)
-//             }
-//         };
-
-//         Ok(Vec2::new(
-//             pos.x + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.x as f32,
-//             pos.y + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.y as f32,
-//         ))
-//     }
-
-//     /// Returns the current node ID that the entity is at or moving towards.
-//     ///
-//     /// If the entity is at a node, returns that node ID.
-//     /// If the entity is between nodes, returns the node it's moving towards.
-//     fn current_node_id(&self) -> NodeId {
-//         match self.traverser().position {
-//             Position::AtNode(node_id) => node_id,
-//             Position::BetweenNodes { to, .. } => to,
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     /// Sets the next direction for the entity to take.
-//     ///
-//     /// The direction is buffered and will be applied at the next opportunity,
-//     /// typically when the entity reaches a new node.
-//     fn set_next_direction(&mut self, direction: Direction) {
-//         self.traverser_mut().set_next_direction(direction);
-//     }
-
-//     /// Renders the entity at its current position.
-//     ///
-//     /// Draws the appropriate directional sprite based on the entity's
-//     /// current movement state and direction.
-//     fn render<T: RenderTarget>(&self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>, atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas, graph: &Graph) -> GameResult<()> {
-//         let pixel_pos = self.get_pixel_pos(graph)?;
-//         let dest = crate::helpers::centered_with_size(
-//             glam::IVec2::new(pixel_pos.x as i32, pixel_pos.y as i32),
-//             glam::UVec2::new(16, 16),
-//         );
-
-//         if self.traverser().position.is_stopped() {
-//             self.texture()
-//                 .render_stopped(canvas, atlas, dest, self.traverser().direction)
-//                 .map_err(|e| GameError::Texture(TextureError::RenderFailed(e.to_string())))?;
-//         } else {
-//             self.texture()
-//                 .render(canvas, atlas, dest, self.traverser().direction)
-//                 .map_err(|e| GameError::Texture(TextureError::RenderFailed(e.to_string())))?;
-//         }
-
-//         Ok(())
-//     }
-// }
--- a/src/error.rs
+++ b/src/error.rs
@@ -31,18 +31,12 @@ pub enum GameError {
    #[error("Entity error: {0}")]
    Entity(#[from] EntityError),

-    #[error("Game state error: {0}")]
-    GameState(#[from] GameStateError),
-
    #[error("SDL error: {0}")]
    Sdl(String),

    #[error("IO error: {0}")]
    Io(#[from] io::Error),

-    #[error("Serialization error: {0}")]
-    Serialization(#[from] serde_json::Error),
-
    #[error("Invalid state: {0}")]
    InvalidState(String),
 }
@@ -51,6 +45,8 @@ pub enum GameError {
 pub enum AssetError {
    #[error("IO error: {0}")]
    Io(#[from] io::Error),
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
    #[error("Asset not found: {0}")]
    NotFound(String),
 }
@@ -79,9 +75,6 @@ pub enum ParseError {
 /// Errors related to texture operations.
 #[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
 pub enum TextureError {
-    #[error("Animated texture error: {0}")]
-    Animated(#[from] AnimatedTextureError),
-
    #[error("Failed to load texture: {0}")]
    LoadFailed(String),

@@ -95,12 +88,6 @@ pub enum TextureError {
    RenderFailed(String),
 }

-#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
-pub enum AnimatedTextureError {
-    #[error("Frame duration must be positive, got {0}")]
-    InvalidFrameDuration(f32),
-}
-
 /// Errors related to entity operations.
 #[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
 pub enum EntityError {
@@ -109,18 +96,8 @@ pub enum EntityError {

    #[error("Edge not found: from {from} to {to}")]
    EdgeNotFound { from: usize, to: usize },
-
-    #[error("Invalid movement: {0}")]
-    InvalidMovement(String),
-
-    #[error("Pathfinding failed: {0}")]
-    PathfindingFailed(String),
 }

-/// Errors related to game state operations.
-#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
-pub enum GameStateError {}
-
 /// Errors related to map operations.
 #[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
 pub enum MapError {
--- a/src/events.rs
+++ b/src/events.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,37 @@
-use bevy_ecs::prelude::*;
+use bevy_ecs::{entity::Entity, event::Event};

+use crate::map::direction::Direction;
+
+/// Player input commands that trigger specific game actions.
+///
+/// Commands are generated by the input system in response to keyboard events
+/// and processed by appropriate game systems to modify state or behavior.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum GameCommand {
+    /// Request immediate game shutdown
    Exit,
-    MovePlayer(crate::entity::direction::Direction),
+    /// Set Pac-Man's movement direction
+    MovePlayer(Direction),
+    /// Cycle through debug visualization modes
    ToggleDebug,
+    /// Toggle audio mute state
    MuteAudio,
+    /// Restart the current level with fresh entity positions and items
    ResetLevel,
+    /// Pause or resume game ticking logic
    TogglePause,
 }

+/// Global events that flow through the ECS event system to coordinate game behavior.
+///
+/// Events enable loose coupling between systems - input generates commands, collision
+/// detection reports overlaps, and various systems respond appropriately without
+/// direct dependencies.
 #[derive(Event, Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum GameEvent {
+    /// Player input command to be processed by relevant game systems
    Command(GameCommand),
+    /// Physical overlap detected between two entities requiring gameplay response
    Collision(Entity, Entity),
 }

--- a/src/game.rs
+++ b/src/game.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,726 @@
+//! This module contains the main game logic and state.
+
+include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/atlas_data.rs"));
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::constants::{self, animation, MapTile, CANVAS_SIZE};
+use crate::error::{GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
+use crate::events::GameEvent;
+use crate::map::builder::Map;
+use crate::map::direction::Direction;
+use crate::systems::blinking::Blinking;
+use crate::systems::components::{GhostAnimation, GhostState, LastAnimationState};
+use crate::systems::movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity};
+use crate::systems::profiling::SystemId;
+use crate::systems::render::RenderDirty;
+use crate::systems::{self, ghost_collision_system, present_system, Hidden, LinearAnimation, MovementModifiers, NodeId};
+use crate::systems::{
+    audio_system, blinking_system, collision_system, debug_render_system, directional_render_system, dirty_render_system,
+    eaten_ghost_system, ghost_movement_system, ghost_state_system, hud_render_system, item_system, linear_render_system, profile,
+    render_system, AudioEvent, AudioResource, AudioState, BackbufferResource, Collider, DebugState, DebugTextureResource,
+    DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimation, EntityType, Frozen, Ghost, GhostAnimations, GhostBundle, GhostCollider, GlobalState,
+    ItemBundle, ItemCollider, MapTextureResource, PacmanCollider, PlayerBundle, PlayerControlled, Renderable, ScoreResource,
+    StartupSequence, SystemTimings,
+};
+use crate::texture::animated::{DirectionalTiles, TileSequence};
+use crate::texture::sprite::AtlasTile;
+use bevy_ecs::event::EventRegistry;
+use bevy_ecs::observer::Trigger;
+use bevy_ecs::schedule::common_conditions::resource_changed;
+use bevy_ecs::schedule::{Condition, IntoScheduleConfigs, Schedule, SystemSet};
+use bevy_ecs::system::ResMut;
+use bevy_ecs::world::World;
+use sdl2::event::EventType;
+use sdl2::image::LoadTexture;
+use sdl2::render::{BlendMode, Canvas, ScaleMode, TextureCreator};
+use sdl2::rwops::RWops;
+use sdl2::video::{Window, WindowContext};
+use sdl2::EventPump;
+
+use crate::{
+    asset::{get_asset_bytes, Asset},
+    events::GameCommand,
+    map::render::MapRenderer,
+    systems::debug::TtfAtlasResource,
+    systems::input::{Bindings, CursorPosition},
+    texture::sprite::{AtlasMapper, SpriteAtlas},
+};
+
+/// System set for all rendering systems to ensure they run after gameplay logic
+#[derive(SystemSet, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+pub struct RenderSet;
+
+/// Core game state manager built on the Bevy ECS architecture.
+///
+/// Orchestrates all game systems through a centralized `World` containing entities,
+/// components, and resources, while a `Schedule` defines system execution order.
+/// Handles initialization of graphics resources, entity spawning, and per-frame
+/// game logic coordination. SDL2 resources are stored as `NonSend` to respect
+/// thread safety requirements while integrating with the ECS.
+pub struct Game {
+    pub world: World,
+    pub schedule: Schedule,
+}
+
+impl Game {
+    /// Initializes the complete game state including ECS world, graphics, and entity spawning.
+    ///
+    /// Performs extensive setup: creates render targets and debug textures, loads and parses
+    /// the sprite atlas, renders the static map to a cached texture, builds the navigation
+    /// graph from the board layout, spawns Pac-Man with directional animations, creates
+    /// all four ghosts with their AI behavior, and places collectible items throughout
+    /// the maze. Registers event types and configures the system execution schedule.
+    ///
+    /// # Arguments
+    ///
+    /// * `canvas` - SDL2 rendering context with static lifetime for ECS storage
+    /// * `texture_creator` - SDL2 texture factory for creating render targets
+    /// * `event_pump` - SDL2 event polling interface for input handling
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `GameError` for SDL2 failures, asset loading problems, atlas parsing
+    /// errors, or entity initialization issues.
+    pub fn new(
+        mut canvas: Canvas<Window>,
+        texture_creator: TextureCreator<WindowContext>,
+        mut event_pump: EventPump,
+    ) -> GameResult<Game> {
+        // Disable uninteresting events
+        for event_type in [
+            EventType::JoyAxisMotion,
+            EventType::JoyBallMotion,
+            EventType::JoyHatMotion,
+            EventType::JoyButtonDown,
+            EventType::JoyButtonUp,
+            EventType::JoyDeviceAdded,
+            EventType::JoyDeviceRemoved,
+            EventType::ControllerAxisMotion,
+            EventType::ControllerButtonDown,
+            EventType::ControllerButtonUp,
+            EventType::ControllerDeviceAdded,
+            EventType::ControllerDeviceRemoved,
+            EventType::ControllerDeviceRemapped,
+            EventType::ControllerTouchpadDown,
+            EventType::ControllerTouchpadMotion,
+            EventType::ControllerTouchpadUp,
+            EventType::FingerDown,
+            EventType::FingerUp,
+            EventType::FingerMotion,
+            EventType::DollarGesture,
+            EventType::DollarRecord,
+            EventType::MultiGesture,
+            EventType::ClipboardUpdate,
+            EventType::DropFile,
+            EventType::DropText,
+            EventType::DropBegin,
+            EventType::DropComplete,
+            EventType::AudioDeviceAdded,
+            EventType::AudioDeviceRemoved,
+            EventType::RenderTargetsReset,
+            EventType::RenderDeviceReset,
+            EventType::LocaleChanged,
+            EventType::TextInput,
+            EventType::TextEditing,
+            EventType::Display,
+            EventType::Window,
+            EventType::MouseWheel,
+            // EventType::MouseMotion,
+            EventType::MouseButtonDown,
+            EventType::MouseButtonUp,
+            EventType::MouseButtonDown,
+            EventType::AppDidEnterBackground,
+            EventType::AppWillEnterForeground,
+            EventType::AppWillEnterBackground,
+            EventType::AppDidEnterForeground,
+            EventType::AppLowMemory,
+            EventType::AppTerminating,
+            EventType::User,
+            EventType::Last,
+        ] {
+            event_pump.disable_event(event_type);
+        }
+
+        let ttf_context = Box::leak(Box::new(sdl2::ttf::init().map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?));
+        let mut backbuffer = texture_creator
+            .create_texture_target(None, CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+        backbuffer.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
+
+        let mut map_texture = texture_creator
+            .create_texture_target(None, CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+        map_texture.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
+
+        // Create debug texture at output resolution for crisp debug rendering
+        let output_size = canvas.output_size().unwrap();
+        let mut debug_texture = texture_creator
+            .create_texture_target(None, output_size.0, output_size.1)
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        // Debug texture is copied over the backbuffer, it requires transparency abilities
+        debug_texture.set_blend_mode(BlendMode::Blend);
+        debug_texture.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
+
+        // Create debug text atlas for efficient debug rendering
+        let font_data: &'static [u8] = get_asset_bytes(Asset::Font)?.to_vec().leak();
+        let font_asset = RWops::from_bytes(font_data).map_err(|_| GameError::Sdl("Failed to load font".to_string()))?;
+        let debug_font = ttf_context
+            .load_font_from_rwops(font_asset, constants::ui::DEBUG_FONT_SIZE)
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let mut ttf_atlas = crate::texture::ttf::TtfAtlas::new(&texture_creator, &debug_font)?;
+        // Populate the atlas with actual character data
+        ttf_atlas.populate_atlas(&mut canvas, &texture_creator, &debug_font)?;
+
+        // Initialize audio system
+        let audio = crate::audio::Audio::new();
+
+        // Load atlas and create map texture
+        let atlas_bytes = get_asset_bytes(Asset::AtlasImage)?;
+        let atlas_texture = texture_creator.load_texture_bytes(&atlas_bytes).map_err(|e| {
+            if e.to_string().contains("format") || e.to_string().contains("unsupported") {
+                GameError::Texture(crate::error::TextureError::InvalidFormat(format!(
+                    "Unsupported texture format: {e}"
+                )))
+            } else {
+                GameError::Texture(crate::error::TextureError::LoadFailed(e.to_string()))
+            }
+        })?;
+
+        let atlas_mapper = AtlasMapper {
+            frames: ATLAS_FRAMES.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), *v)).collect(),
+        };
+        let mut atlas = SpriteAtlas::new(atlas_texture, atlas_mapper);
+
+        // Create map tiles
+        let mut map_tiles = Vec::with_capacity(35);
+        for i in 0..35 {
+            let tile_name = format!("maze/tiles/{}.png", i);
+            let tile = atlas.get_tile(&tile_name).unwrap();
+            map_tiles.push(tile);
+        }
+
+        // Render map to texture
+        canvas
+            .with_texture_canvas(&mut map_texture, |map_canvas| {
+                MapRenderer::render_map(map_canvas, &mut atlas, &map_tiles);
+            })
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+
+        let map = Map::new(constants::RAW_BOARD)?;
+
+        // Create directional animated textures for Pac-Man
+        let up_moving_tiles = [
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/up_a.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/up_a.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/up_b.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/up_b.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
+        ];
+        let down_moving_tiles = [
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/down_a.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/down_a.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/down_b.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/down_b.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
+        ];
+        let left_moving_tiles = [
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/left_a.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/left_a.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/left_b.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/left_b.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
+        ];
+        let right_moving_tiles = [
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/right_a.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/right_a.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/right_b.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/right_b.png".to_string())))?,
+            SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
+        ];
+
+        let moving_tiles = DirectionalTiles::new(
+            TileSequence::new(&up_moving_tiles),
+            TileSequence::new(&down_moving_tiles),
+            TileSequence::new(&left_moving_tiles),
+            TileSequence::new(&right_moving_tiles),
+        );
+
+        let up_stopped_tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/up_b.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/up_b.png".to_string())))?;
+        let down_stopped_tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/down_b.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/down_b.png".to_string())))?;
+        let left_stopped_tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/left_b.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/left_b.png".to_string())))?;
+        let right_stopped_tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/right_b.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/right_b.png".to_string())))?;
+
+        let stopped_tiles = DirectionalTiles::new(
+            TileSequence::new(&[up_stopped_tile]),
+            TileSequence::new(&[down_stopped_tile]),
+            TileSequence::new(&[left_stopped_tile]),
+            TileSequence::new(&[right_stopped_tile]),
+        );
+
+        let player = PlayerBundle {
+            player: PlayerControlled,
+            position: Position::Stopped {
+                node: map.start_positions.pacman,
+            },
+            velocity: Velocity {
+                speed: constants::mechanics::PLAYER_SPEED,
+                direction: Direction::Left,
+            },
+            movement_modifiers: MovementModifiers::default(),
+            buffered_direction: BufferedDirection::None,
+            sprite: Renderable {
+                sprite: SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
+                    .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
+                layer: 0,
+            },
+            directional_animation: DirectionalAnimation::new(moving_tiles, stopped_tiles, 5),
+            entity_type: EntityType::Player,
+            collider: Collider {
+                size: constants::collider::PLAYER_GHOST_SIZE,
+            },
+            pacman_collider: PacmanCollider,
+        };
+
+        let mut world = World::default();
+        let mut schedule = Schedule::default();
+
+        EventRegistry::register_event::<GameError>(&mut world);
+        EventRegistry::register_event::<GameEvent>(&mut world);
+        EventRegistry::register_event::<AudioEvent>(&mut world);
+
+        world.insert_resource(Self::create_ghost_animations(&atlas)?);
+        world.insert_resource(map);
+        world.insert_resource(GlobalState { exit: false });
+        world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(0));
+        world.insert_resource(SystemTimings::default());
+        world.insert_resource(Bindings::default());
+        world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(0f32));
+        world.insert_resource(RenderDirty::default());
+        world.insert_resource(DebugState::default());
+        world.insert_resource(AudioState::default());
+        world.insert_resource(CursorPosition::default());
+        world.insert_resource(StartupSequence::new(
+            constants::startup::STARTUP_FRAMES,
+            constants::startup::STARTUP_TICKS_PER_FRAME,
+        ));
+
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(atlas);
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(event_pump);
+        world.insert_non_send_resource::<&mut Canvas<Window>>(Box::leak(Box::new(canvas)));
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(BackbufferResource(backbuffer));
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(MapTextureResource(map_texture));
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(DebugTextureResource(debug_texture));
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(TtfAtlasResource(ttf_atlas));
+        world.insert_non_send_resource(AudioResource(audio));
+
+        world.add_observer(
+            |event: Trigger<GameEvent>, mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>, _score: ResMut<ScoreResource>| {
+                if matches!(*event, GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit)) {
+                    state.exit = true;
+                }
+            },
+        );
+
+        let input_system = profile(SystemId::Input, systems::input::input_system);
+        let player_control_system = profile(SystemId::PlayerControls, systems::player_control_system);
+        let player_movement_system = profile(SystemId::PlayerMovement, systems::player_movement_system);
+        let startup_stage_system = profile(SystemId::Stage, systems::startup_stage_system);
+        let player_tunnel_slowdown_system = profile(SystemId::PlayerMovement, systems::player::player_tunnel_slowdown_system);
+        let ghost_movement_system = profile(SystemId::Ghost, ghost_movement_system);
+        let collision_system = profile(SystemId::Collision, collision_system);
+        let ghost_collision_system = profile(SystemId::GhostCollision, ghost_collision_system);
+
+        let item_system = profile(SystemId::Item, item_system);
+        let audio_system = profile(SystemId::Audio, audio_system);
+        let blinking_system = profile(SystemId::Blinking, blinking_system);
+        let directional_render_system = profile(SystemId::DirectionalRender, directional_render_system);
+        let linear_render_system = profile(SystemId::LinearRender, linear_render_system);
+        let dirty_render_system = profile(SystemId::DirtyRender, dirty_render_system);
+        let render_system = profile(SystemId::Render, render_system);
+        let hud_render_system = profile(SystemId::HudRender, hud_render_system);
+        let debug_render_system = profile(SystemId::DebugRender, debug_render_system);
+        let present_system = profile(SystemId::Present, present_system);
+        let unified_ghost_state_system = profile(SystemId::GhostStateAnimation, ghost_state_system);
+
+        let forced_dirty_system = |mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>| {
+            dirty.0 = true;
+        };
+
+        schedule.add_systems((
+            forced_dirty_system.run_if(resource_changed::<ScoreResource>.or(resource_changed::<StartupSequence>)),
+            (
+                input_system,
+                player_control_system,
+                player_movement_system,
+                startup_stage_system,
+            )
+                .chain(),
+            player_tunnel_slowdown_system,
+            ghost_movement_system,
+            profile(SystemId::EatenGhost, eaten_ghost_system),
+            unified_ghost_state_system,
+            (collision_system, ghost_collision_system, item_system).chain(),
+            audio_system,
+            blinking_system,
+            (
+                directional_render_system,
+                linear_render_system,
+                dirty_render_system,
+                render_system,
+                hud_render_system,
+                debug_render_system,
+                present_system,
+            )
+                .chain(),
+        ));
+
+        // Spawn player and attach initial state bundle
+        world.spawn(player).insert((Frozen, Hidden));
+
+        // Spawn ghosts
+        Self::spawn_ghosts(&mut world)?;
+
+        let pellet_sprite = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>(), "maze/pellet.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("maze/pellet.png".to_string())))?;
+        let energizer_sprite = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>(), "maze/energizer.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("maze/energizer.png".to_string())))?;
+
+        // Build a list of item entities to spawn from the map
+        let nodes: Vec<(NodeId, EntityType, AtlasTile, f32)> = world
+            .resource::<Map>()
+            .iter_nodes()
+            .filter_map(|(id, tile)| match tile {
+                MapTile::Pellet => Some((*id, EntityType::Pellet, pellet_sprite, constants::collider::PELLET_SIZE)),
+                MapTile::PowerPellet => Some((
+                    *id,
+                    EntityType::PowerPellet,
+                    energizer_sprite,
+                    constants::collider::POWER_PELLET_SIZE,
+                )),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        // Construct and spawn the item entities
+        for (id, item_type, sprite, size) in nodes {
+            let mut item = world.spawn(ItemBundle {
+                position: Position::Stopped { node: id },
+                sprite: Renderable { sprite, layer: 1 },
+                entity_type: item_type,
+                collider: Collider { size },
+                item_collider: ItemCollider,
+            });
+
+            // Make power pellets blink
+            if item_type == EntityType::PowerPellet {
+                item.insert((Frozen, Blinking::new(constants::ui::POWER_PELLET_BLINK_RATE)));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(Game { world, schedule })
+    }
+
+    /// Creates and spawns all four ghosts with unique AI personalities and directional animations.
+    ///
+    /// # Errors
+    ///
+    /// Returns `GameError::Texture` if any ghost sprite cannot be found in the atlas,
+    /// typically indicating missing or misnamed sprite files.
+    fn spawn_ghosts(world: &mut World) -> GameResult<()> {
+        // Extract the data we need first to avoid borrow conflicts
+        let ghost_start_positions = {
+            let map = world.resource::<Map>();
+            [
+                (Ghost::Blinky, map.start_positions.blinky),
+                (Ghost::Pinky, map.start_positions.pinky),
+                (Ghost::Inky, map.start_positions.inky),
+                (Ghost::Clyde, map.start_positions.clyde),
+            ]
+        };
+
+        for (ghost_type, start_node) in ghost_start_positions {
+            // Create the ghost bundle in a separate scope to manage borrows
+            let ghost = {
+                let animations = *world.resource::<GhostAnimations>().get_normal(&ghost_type).unwrap();
+                let atlas = world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>();
+
+                GhostBundle {
+                    ghost: ghost_type,
+                    position: Position::Stopped { node: start_node },
+                    velocity: Velocity {
+                        speed: ghost_type.base_speed(),
+                        direction: Direction::Left,
+                    },
+                    sprite: Renderable {
+                        sprite: SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("ghost/{}/left_a.png", ghost_type.as_str())).ok_or_else(
+                            || {
+                                GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                                    "ghost/{}/left_a.png",
+                                    ghost_type.as_str()
+                                )))
+                            },
+                        )?,
+                        layer: 0,
+                    },
+                    directional_animation: animations,
+                    entity_type: EntityType::Ghost,
+                    collider: Collider {
+                        size: constants::collider::PLAYER_GHOST_SIZE,
+                    },
+                    ghost_collider: GhostCollider,
+                    ghost_state: GhostState::Normal,
+                    last_animation_state: LastAnimationState(GhostAnimation::Normal),
+                }
+            };
+
+            world.spawn(ghost).insert((Frozen, Hidden));
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn create_ghost_animations(atlas: &SpriteAtlas) -> GameResult<GhostAnimations> {
+        // Eaten (eyes) animations - single tile per direction
+        let up_eye = atlas
+            .get_tile("ghost/eyes/up.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/eyes/up.png".to_string())))?;
+        let down_eye = atlas
+            .get_tile("ghost/eyes/down.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/eyes/down.png".to_string())))?;
+        let left_eye = atlas
+            .get_tile("ghost/eyes/left.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/eyes/left.png".to_string())))?;
+        let right_eye = atlas
+            .get_tile("ghost/eyes/right.png")
+            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/eyes/right.png".to_string())))?;
+
+        let eyes_tiles = DirectionalTiles::new(
+            TileSequence::new(&[up_eye]),
+            TileSequence::new(&[down_eye]),
+            TileSequence::new(&[left_eye]),
+            TileSequence::new(&[right_eye]),
+        );
+        let eyes = DirectionalAnimation::new(eyes_tiles, eyes_tiles, animation::GHOST_EATEN_SPEED);
+
+        let mut animations = HashMap::new();
+
+        for ghost_type in [Ghost::Blinky, Ghost::Pinky, Ghost::Inky, Ghost::Clyde] {
+            // Normal animations - create directional tiles for each direction
+            let up_tiles = [
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/up_a.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/up_a.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/up_b.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/up_b.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+            ];
+            let down_tiles = [
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/down_a.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/down_a.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/down_b.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/down_b.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+            ];
+            let left_tiles = [
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/left_a.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/left_a.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/left_b.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/left_b.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+            ];
+            let right_tiles = [
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/right_a.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/right_a.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+                atlas
+                    .get_tile(&format!("ghost/{}/right_b.png", ghost_type.as_str()))
+                    .ok_or_else(|| {
+                        GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!(
+                            "ghost/{}/right_b.png",
+                            ghost_type.as_str()
+                        )))
+                    })?,
+            ];
+
+            let normal_moving = DirectionalTiles::new(
+                TileSequence::new(&up_tiles),
+                TileSequence::new(&down_tiles),
+                TileSequence::new(&left_tiles),
+                TileSequence::new(&right_tiles),
+            );
+            let normal = DirectionalAnimation::new(normal_moving, normal_moving, animation::GHOST_NORMAL_SPEED);
+
+            animations.insert(ghost_type, normal);
+        }
+
+        let (frightened, frightened_flashing) = {
+            // Load frightened animation tiles (same for all ghosts)
+            let frightened_blue_a = atlas
+                .get_tile("ghost/frightened/blue_a.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/frightened/blue_a.png".to_string())))?;
+            let frightened_blue_b = atlas
+                .get_tile("ghost/frightened/blue_b.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/frightened/blue_b.png".to_string())))?;
+            let frightened_white_a = atlas
+                .get_tile("ghost/frightened/white_a.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/frightened/white_a.png".to_string())))?;
+            let frightened_white_b = atlas
+                .get_tile("ghost/frightened/white_b.png")
+                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("ghost/frightened/white_b.png".to_string())))?;
+
+            (
+                LinearAnimation::new(
+                    TileSequence::new(&[frightened_blue_a, frightened_blue_b]),
+                    animation::GHOST_NORMAL_SPEED,
+                ),
+                LinearAnimation::new(
+                    TileSequence::new(&[frightened_blue_a, frightened_white_a, frightened_blue_b, frightened_white_b]),
+                    animation::GHOST_FRIGHTENED_SPEED,
+                ),
+            )
+        };
+
+        Ok(GhostAnimations::new(animations, eyes, frightened, frightened_flashing))
+    }
+
+    /// Executes one frame of game logic by running all scheduled ECS systems.
+    ///
+    /// Updates the world's delta time resource and runs the complete system pipeline:
+    /// input processing, entity movement, collision detection, item collection,
+    /// audio playback, animation updates, and rendering. Each system operates on
+    /// relevant entities and modifies world state, with the schedule ensuring
+    /// proper execution order and data dependencies.
+    ///
+    /// # Arguments
+    ///
+    /// * `dt` - Frame delta time in seconds for time-based animations and movement
+    ///
+    /// # Returns
+    ///
+    /// `true` if the game should terminate (exit command received), `false` to continue
+    pub fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32) -> bool {
+        self.world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(dt));
+
+        // Run all systems
+        self.schedule.run(&mut self.world);
+
+        let state = self
+            .world
+            .get_resource::<GlobalState>()
+            .expect("GlobalState could not be acquired");
+
+        state.exit
+    }
+
+    // /// Renders pathfinding debug lines from each ghost to Pac-Man.
+    // ///
+    // /// Each ghost's path is drawn in its respective color with a small offset
+    // /// to prevent overlapping lines.
+    // fn render_pathfinding_debug<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>) -> GameResult<()> {
+    //     let pacman_node = self.state.pacman.current_node_id();
+
+    //     for ghost in self.state.ghosts.iter() {
+    //         if let Ok(path) = ghost.calculate_path_to_target(&self.state.map.graph, pacman_node) {
+    //             if path.len() < 2 {
+    //                 continue; // Skip if path is too short
+    //             }
+
+    //             // Set the ghost's color
+    //             canvas.set_draw_color(ghost.debug_color());
+
+    //             // Calculate offset based on ghost index to prevent overlapping lines
+    //             // let offset = (i as f32) * 2.0 - 3.0; // Offset range: -3.0 to 3.0
+
+    //             // Calculate a consistent offset direction for the entire path
+    //             // let first_node = self.map.graph.get_node(path[0]).unwrap();
+    //             // let last_node = self.map.graph.get_node(path[path.len() - 1]).unwrap();
+
+    //             // Use the overall direction from start to end to determine the perpendicular offset
+    //             let offset = match ghost.ghost_type {
+    //                 GhostType::Blinky => glam::Vec2::new(0.25, 0.5),
+    //                 GhostType::Pinky => glam::Vec2::new(-0.25, -0.25),
+    //                 GhostType::Inky => glam::Vec2::new(0.5, -0.5),
+    //                 GhostType::Clyde => glam::Vec2::new(-0.5, 0.25),
+    //             } * 5.0;
+
+    //             // Calculate offset positions for all nodes using the same perpendicular direction
+    //             let mut offset_positions = Vec::new();
+    //             for &node_id in &path {
+    //                 let node = self
+    //                     .state
+    //                     .map
+    //                     .graph
+    //                     .get_node(node_id)
+    //                     .ok_or(crate::error::EntityError::NodeNotFound(node_id))?;
+    //                 let pos = node.position + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
+    //                 offset_positions.push(pos + offset);
+    //             }
+
+    //             // Draw lines between the offset positions
+    //             for window in offset_positions.windows(2) {
+    //                 if let (Some(from), Some(to)) = (window.first(), window.get(1)) {
+    //                     // Skip if the distance is too far (used for preventing lines between tunnel portals)
+    //                     if from.distance_squared(*to) > (crate::constants::CELL_SIZE * 16).pow(2) as f32 {
+    //                         continue;
+    //                     }
+
+    //                     // Draw the line
+    //                     canvas
+    //                         .draw_line((from.x as i32, from.y as i32), (to.x as i32, to.y as i32))
+    //                         .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+    //                 }
+    //             }
+    //         }
+    //     }
+
+    //     Ok(())
+    // }
+}
--- a/src/game/mod.rs
+++ b/src/game/mod.rs
@@ -1,633 +0,0 @@
-//! This module contains the main game logic and state.
-
-include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/atlas_data.rs"));
-
-use crate::constants::CANVAS_SIZE;
-use crate::entity::direction::Direction;
-use crate::error::{GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
-use crate::events::GameEvent;
-use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::blinking::Blinking;
-use crate::systems::movement::{Movable, MovementState, Position};
-use crate::systems::{
-    blinking::blinking_system,
-    collision::collision_system,
-    components::{
-        Collider, CollisionLayer, DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, EntityType, GlobalState, ItemBundle, ItemCollider,
-        PacmanCollider, PlayerBundle, PlayerControlled, RenderDirty, Renderable, Score, ScoreResource,
-    },
-    control::player_system,
-    debug::{debug_render_system, DebugState, DebugTextureResource},
-    input::input_system,
-    item::item_system,
-    movement::movement_system,
-    profiling::{profile, SystemTimings},
-    render::{directional_render_system, dirty_render_system, render_system, BackbufferResource, MapTextureResource},
-};
-use crate::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
-use bevy_ecs::schedule::IntoScheduleConfigs;
-use bevy_ecs::system::NonSendMut;
-use bevy_ecs::{
-    event::EventRegistry,
-    observer::Trigger,
-    schedule::Schedule,
-    system::{Res, ResMut},
-    world::World,
-};
-use sdl2::image::LoadTexture;
-use sdl2::render::{Canvas, ScaleMode, TextureCreator};
-use sdl2::video::{Window, WindowContext};
-use sdl2::EventPump;
-
-use crate::{
-    asset::{get_asset_bytes, Asset},
-    constants,
-    events::GameCommand,
-    map::render::MapRenderer,
-    systems::input::Bindings,
-    texture::sprite::{AtlasMapper, SpriteAtlas},
-};
-
-pub mod state;
-
-/// The `Game` struct is the main entry point for the game.
-///
-/// It contains the game's state and logic, and is responsible for
-/// handling user input, updating the game state, and rendering the game.
-pub struct Game {
-    pub world: World,
-    pub schedule: Schedule,
-}
-
-impl Game {
-    pub fn new(
-        canvas: &'static mut Canvas<Window>,
-        texture_creator: &'static mut TextureCreator<WindowContext>,
-        event_pump: &'static mut EventPump,
-    ) -> GameResult<Game> {
-        let mut world = World::default();
-        let mut schedule = Schedule::default();
-
-        EventRegistry::register_event::<GameError>(&mut world);
-        EventRegistry::register_event::<GameEvent>(&mut world);
-
-        let mut backbuffer = texture_creator
-            .create_texture_target(None, CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
-            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-        backbuffer.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
-
-        let mut map_texture = texture_creator
-            .create_texture_target(None, CANVAS_SIZE.x, CANVAS_SIZE.y)
-            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-        map_texture.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
-
-        // Create debug texture at output resolution for crisp debug rendering
-        let output_size = canvas.output_size().unwrap();
-        let mut debug_texture = texture_creator
-            .create_texture_target(None, output_size.0, output_size.1)
-            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-        debug_texture.set_scale_mode(ScaleMode::Nearest);
-
-        // Load atlas and create map texture
-        let atlas_bytes = get_asset_bytes(Asset::Atlas)?;
-        let atlas_texture = texture_creator.load_texture_bytes(&atlas_bytes).map_err(|e| {
-            if e.to_string().contains("format") || e.to_string().contains("unsupported") {
-                GameError::Texture(crate::error::TextureError::InvalidFormat(format!(
-                    "Unsupported texture format: {e}"
-                )))
-            } else {
-                GameError::Texture(crate::error::TextureError::LoadFailed(e.to_string()))
-            }
-        })?;
-
-        let atlas_mapper = AtlasMapper {
-            frames: ATLAS_FRAMES.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), *v)).collect(),
-        };
-        let mut atlas = SpriteAtlas::new(atlas_texture, atlas_mapper);
-
-        // Create map tiles
-        let mut map_tiles = Vec::with_capacity(35);
-        for i in 0..35 {
-            let tile_name = format!("maze/tiles/{}.png", i);
-            let tile = atlas.get_tile(&tile_name).unwrap();
-            map_tiles.push(tile);
-        }
-
-        // Render map to texture
-        canvas
-            .with_texture_canvas(&mut map_texture, |map_canvas| {
-                MapRenderer::render_map(map_canvas, &mut atlas, &map_tiles);
-            })
-            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-
-        let map = Map::new(constants::RAW_BOARD)?;
-        let pacman_start_node = map.start_positions.pacman;
-
-        let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
-        let mut stopped_textures = [None, None, None, None];
-
-        for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
-            let moving_prefix = match direction {
-                Direction::Up => "pacman/up",
-                Direction::Down => "pacman/down",
-                Direction::Left => "pacman/left",
-                Direction::Right => "pacman/right",
-            };
-            let moving_tiles = vec![
-                SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_a.png"))
-                    .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_a.png"))))?,
-                SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))
-                    .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))))?,
-                SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
-                    .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
-            ];
-
-            let stopped_tiles = vec![SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))
-                .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound(format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png"))))?];
-
-            textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.08)?);
-            stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1)?);
-        }
-
-        let player = PlayerBundle {
-            player: PlayerControlled,
-            position: Position {
-                node: pacman_start_node,
-                edge_progress: None,
-            },
-            movement_state: MovementState::Stopped,
-            movable: Movable {
-                speed: 1.15,
-                current_direction: Direction::Left,
-                requested_direction: Some(Direction::Left), // Start moving left immediately
-            },
-            sprite: Renderable {
-                sprite: SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&atlas, "pacman/full.png")
-                    .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("pacman/full.png".to_string())))?,
-                layer: 0,
-                visible: true,
-            },
-            directional_animated: DirectionalAnimated {
-                textures,
-                stopped_textures,
-            },
-            entity_type: EntityType::Player,
-            collider: Collider {
-                size: constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 1.375,
-                layer: CollisionLayer::PACMAN,
-            },
-            pacman_collider: PacmanCollider,
-        };
-
-        world.insert_non_send_resource(atlas);
-        world.insert_non_send_resource(event_pump);
-        world.insert_non_send_resource(canvas);
-        world.insert_non_send_resource(BackbufferResource(backbuffer));
-        world.insert_non_send_resource(MapTextureResource(map_texture));
-        world.insert_non_send_resource(DebugTextureResource(debug_texture));
-
-        world.insert_resource(map);
-        world.insert_resource(GlobalState { exit: false });
-        world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(0));
-        world.insert_resource(SystemTimings::default());
-        world.insert_resource(Bindings::default());
-        world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(0f32));
-        world.insert_resource(RenderDirty::default());
-        world.insert_resource(DebugState::default());
-
-        world.add_observer(
-            |event: Trigger<GameEvent>, mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>, _score: ResMut<ScoreResource>| match *event {
-                GameEvent::Command(command) => match command {
-                    GameCommand::Exit => {
-                        state.exit = true;
-                    }
-                    _ => {}
-                },
-                GameEvent::Collision(_a, _b) => {}
-            },
-        );
-        schedule.add_systems(
-            (
-                profile("input", input_system),
-                profile("player", player_system),
-                profile("movement", movement_system),
-                profile("collision", collision_system),
-                profile("item", item_system),
-                profile("blinking", blinking_system),
-                profile("directional_render", directional_render_system),
-                profile("dirty_render", dirty_render_system),
-                profile("render", render_system),
-                profile("debug_render", debug_render_system),
-                profile(
-                    "present",
-                    |mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
-                     backbuffer: NonSendMut<BackbufferResource>,
-                     debug_state: Res<DebugState>,
-                     mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>| {
-                        if dirty.0 || *debug_state != DebugState::Off {
-                            // Only copy backbuffer to main canvas if debug rendering is off
-                            // (debug rendering draws directly to main canvas)
-                            if *debug_state == DebugState::Off {
-                                canvas.copy(&backbuffer.0, None, None).unwrap();
-                            }
-                            dirty.0 = false;
-                            canvas.present();
-                        }
-                    },
-                ),
-            )
-                .chain(),
-        );
-        // Spawn player
-        world.spawn(player);
-
-        // Spawn items
-        let pellet_sprite = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>(), "maze/pellet.png")
-            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("maze/pellet.png".to_string())))?;
-        let energizer_sprite = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(world.non_send_resource::<SpriteAtlas>(), "maze/energizer.png")
-            .ok_or_else(|| GameError::Texture(TextureError::AtlasTileNotFound("maze/energizer.png".to_string())))?;
-
-        let nodes: Vec<_> = world.resource::<Map>().iter_nodes().map(|(id, tile)| (*id, *tile)).collect();
-
-        for (node_id, tile) in nodes {
-            let (item_type, score, sprite, size) = match tile {
-                crate::constants::MapTile::Pellet => (EntityType::Pellet, 10, pellet_sprite, constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 0.4),
-                crate::constants::MapTile::PowerPellet => (
-                    EntityType::PowerPellet,
-                    50,
-                    energizer_sprite,
-                    constants::CELL_SIZE as f32 * 0.95,
-                ),
-                _ => continue,
-            };
-
-            let mut item = world.spawn(ItemBundle {
-                position: Position {
-                    node: node_id,
-                    edge_progress: None,
-                },
-                sprite: Renderable {
-                    sprite,
-                    layer: 1,
-                    visible: true,
-                },
-                entity_type: item_type,
-                score: Score(score),
-                collider: Collider {
-                    size,
-                    layer: CollisionLayer::ITEM,
-                },
-                item_collider: ItemCollider,
-            });
-
-            if item_type == EntityType::PowerPellet {
-                item.insert(Blinking {
-                    timer: 0.0,
-                    interval: 0.2,
-                });
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(Game { world, schedule })
-    }
-
-    // fn handle_command(&mut self, command: crate::input::commands::GameCommand) {
-    //     use crate::input::commands::GameCommand;
-    //     match command {
-    //         GameCommand::MovePlayer(direction) => {
-    //             self.state.pacman.set_next_direction(direction);
-    //         }
-    //         GameCommand::ToggleDebug => {
-    //             self.toggle_debug_mode();
-    //         }
-    //         GameCommand::MuteAudio => {
-    //             let is_muted = self.state.audio.is_muted();
-    //             self.state.audio.set_mute(!is_muted);
-    //         }
-    //         GameCommand::ResetLevel => {
-    //             if let Err(e) = self.reset_game_state() {
-    //                 tracing::error!("Failed to reset game state: {}", e);
-    //             }
-    //         }
-    //         GameCommand::TogglePause => {
-    //             self.state.paused = !self.state.paused;
-    //         }
-    //         GameCommand::Exit => {}
-    //     }
-    // }
-
-    // fn process_events(&mut self) {
-    //     while let Some(event) = self.state.event_queue.pop_front() {
-    //         match event {
-    //             GameEvent::Command(command) => self.handle_command(command),
-    //         }
-    // }
-
-    // /// Resets the game state, randomizing ghost positions and resetting Pac-Man
-    // fn reset_game_state(&mut self) -> GameResult<()> {
-    //     let pacman_start_node = self.state.map.start_positions.pacman;
-    //     self.state.pacman = Pacman::new(&self.state.map.graph, pacman_start_node, &self.state.atlas)?;
-
-    //     // Reset items
-    //     self.state.items = self.state.map.generate_items(&self.state.atlas)?;
-
-    //     // Randomize ghost positions
-    //     let ghost_types = [GhostType::Blinky, GhostType::Pinky, GhostType::Inky, GhostType::Clyde];
-    //     let mut rng = SmallRng::from_os_rng();
-
-    //     for (i, ghost) in self.state.ghosts.iter_mut().enumerate() {
-    //         let random_node = rng.random_range(0..self.state.map.graph.node_count());
-    //         *ghost = Ghost::new(&self.state.map.graph, random_node, ghost_types[i], &self.state.atlas)?;
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Reset collision system
-    //     self.state.collision_system = CollisionSystem::default();
-
-    //     // Re-register Pac-Man
-    //     self.state.pacman_id = self.state.collision_system.register_entity(self.state.pacman.position());
-
-    //     // Re-register items
-    //     self.state.item_ids.clear();
-    //     for item in &self.state.items {
-    //         let item_id = self.state.collision_system.register_entity(item.position());
-    //         self.state.item_ids.push(item_id);
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Re-register ghosts
-    //     self.state.ghost_ids.clear();
-    //     for ghost in &self.state.ghosts {
-    //         let ghost_id = self.state.collision_system.register_entity(ghost.position());
-    //         self.state.ghost_ids.push(ghost_id);
-    //     }
-
-    //     Ok(())
-    // }
-
-    /// Ticks the game state.
-    ///
-    /// Returns true if the game should exit.
-    pub fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32) -> bool {
-        self.world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(dt));
-
-        // Run all systems
-        self.schedule.run(&mut self.world);
-
-        let state = self
-            .world
-            .get_resource::<GlobalState>()
-            .expect("GlobalState could not be acquired");
-
-        return state.exit;
-
-        // // Process any events that have been posted (such as unpausing)
-        // self.process_events();
-
-        // // If the game is paused, we don't need to do anything beyond returning
-        // if self.state.paused {
-        //     return false;
-        // }
-
-        // self.schedule.run(&mut self.world);
-
-        // self.state.pacman.tick(dt, &self.state.map.graph);
-
-        // // Update all ghosts
-        // for ghost in &mut self.state.ghosts {
-        //     ghost.tick(dt, &self.state.map.graph);
-        // }
-
-        // // Update collision system positions
-        // self.update_collision_positions();
-
-        // // Check for collisions
-        // self.check_collisions();
-    }
-
-    // /// Toggles the debug mode on and off.
-    // ///
-    // /// When debug mode is enabled, the game will render additional information
-    // /// that is useful for debugging, such as the collision grid and entity paths.
-    // pub fn toggle_debug_mode(&mut self) {
-    //     self.state.debug_mode = !self.state.debug_mode;
-    // }
-
-    // fn update_collision_positions(&mut self) {
-    //     // Update Pac-Man's position
-    //     self.state
-    //         .collision_system
-    //         .update_position(self.state.pacman_id, self.state.pacman.position());
-
-    //     // Update ghost positions
-    //     for (ghost, &ghost_id) in self.state.ghosts.iter().zip(&self.state.ghost_ids) {
-    //         self.state.collision_system.update_position(ghost_id, ghost.position());
-    //     }
-    // }
-
-    // fn check_collisions(&mut self) {
-    //     // Check Pac-Man vs Items
-    //     let potential_collisions = self
-    //         .state
-    //         .collision_system
-    //         .potential_collisions(&self.state.pacman.position());
-
-    //     for entity_id in potential_collisions {
-    //         if entity_id != self.state.pacman_id {
-    //             // Check if this is an item collision
-    //             if let Some(item_index) = self.find_item_by_id(entity_id) {
-    //                 let item = &mut self.state.items[item_index];
-    //                 if !item.is_collected() {
-    //                     item.collect();
-    //                     self.state.score += item.get_score();
-    //                     self.state.audio.eat();
-
-    //                     // Handle energizer effects
-    //                     if matches!(item.item_type, crate::entity::item::ItemType::Energizer) {
-    //                         // TODO: Make ghosts frightened
-    //                         tracing::info!("Energizer collected! Ghosts should become frightened.");
-    //                     }
-    //                 }
-    //             }
-
-    //             // Check if this is a ghost collision
-    //             if let Some(_ghost_index) = self.find_ghost_by_id(entity_id) {
-    //                 // TODO: Handle Pac-Man being eaten by ghost
-    //                 tracing::info!("Pac-Man collided with ghost!");
-    //             }
-    //         }
-    //     }
-    // }
-
-    // fn find_item_by_id(&self, entity_id: EntityId) -> Option<usize> {
-    //     self.state.item_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == entity_id)
-    // }
-
-    // fn find_ghost_by_id(&self, entity_id: EntityId) -> Option<usize> {
-    //     self.state.ghost_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == entity_id)
-    // }
-
-    // pub fn draw<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&mut self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>, backbuffer: &mut Texture) -> GameResult<()> {
-    //     // Only render the map texture once and cache it
-    //     if !self.state.map_rendered {
-    //         let mut map_texture = self
-    //             .state
-    //             .texture_creator
-    //             .create_texture_target(None, constants::CANVAS_SIZE.x, constants::CANVAS_SIZE.y)
-    //             .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-
-    //         canvas
-    //             .with_texture_canvas(&mut map_texture, |map_canvas| {
-    //                 let mut map_tiles = Vec::with_capacity(35);
-    //                 for i in 0..35 {
-    //                     let tile_name = format!("maze/tiles/{}.png", i);
-    //                     let tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&self.state.atlas, &tile_name).unwrap();
-    //                     map_tiles.push(tile);
-    //                 }
-    //                 MapRenderer::render_map(map_canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &mut map_tiles);
-    //             })
-    //             .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-    //         self.state.map_texture = Some(map_texture);
-    //         self.state.map_rendered = true;
-    //     }
-
-    //     canvas.set_draw_color(Color::BLACK);
-    //     canvas.clear();
-    //     if let Some(ref map_texture) = self.state.map_texture {
-    //         canvas.copy(map_texture, None, None).unwrap();
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Render all items
-    //     for item in &self.state.items {
-    //         if let Err(e) = item.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
-    //             tracing::error!("Failed to render item: {}", e);
-    //         }
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Render all ghosts
-    //     for ghost in &self.state.ghosts {
-    //         if let Err(e) = ghost.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
-    //             tracing::error!("Failed to render ghost: {}", e);
-    //         }
-    //     }
-
-    //     if let Err(e) = self.state.pacman.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
-    //         tracing::error!("Failed to render pacman: {}", e);
-    //     }
-
-    //     if self.state.debug_mode {
-    //         if let Err(e) =
-    //             self.state
-    //                 .map
-    //                 .debug_render_with_cursor(canvas, &mut self.state.text_texture, &mut self.state.atlas, cursor_pos)
-    //         {
-    //             tracing::error!("Failed to render debug cursor: {}", e);
-    //         }
-    //         self.render_pathfinding_debug(canvas)?;
-    //     }
-    //     self.draw_hud(canvas)?;
-    //     canvas.present();
-
-    //     Ok(())
-    // }
-
-    // /// Renders pathfinding debug lines from each ghost to Pac-Man.
-    // ///
-    // /// Each ghost's path is drawn in its respective color with a small offset
-    // /// to prevent overlapping lines.
-    // fn render_pathfinding_debug<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>) -> GameResult<()> {
-    //     let pacman_node = self.state.pacman.current_node_id();
-
-    //     for ghost in self.state.ghosts.iter() {
-    //         if let Ok(path) = ghost.calculate_path_to_target(&self.state.map.graph, pacman_node) {
-    //             if path.len() < 2 {
-    //                 continue; // Skip if path is too short
-    //             }
-
-    //             // Set the ghost's color
-    //             canvas.set_draw_color(ghost.debug_color());
-
-    //             // Calculate offset based on ghost index to prevent overlapping lines
-    //             // let offset = (i as f32) * 2.0 - 3.0; // Offset range: -3.0 to 3.0
-
-    //             // Calculate a consistent offset direction for the entire path
-    //             // let first_node = self.map.graph.get_node(path[0]).unwrap();
-    //             // let last_node = self.map.graph.get_node(path[path.len() - 1]).unwrap();
-
-    //             // Use the overall direction from start to end to determine the perpendicular offset
-    //             let offset = match ghost.ghost_type {
-    //                 GhostType::Blinky => glam::Vec2::new(0.25, 0.5),
-    //                 GhostType::Pinky => glam::Vec2::new(-0.25, -0.25),
-    //                 GhostType::Inky => glam::Vec2::new(0.5, -0.5),
-    //                 GhostType::Clyde => glam::Vec2::new(-0.5, 0.25),
-    //             } * 5.0;
-
-    //             // Calculate offset positions for all nodes using the same perpendicular direction
-    //             let mut offset_positions = Vec::new();
-    //             for &node_id in &path {
-    //                 let node = self
-    //                     .state
-    //                     .map
-    //                     .graph
-    //                     .get_node(node_id)
-    //                     .ok_or(crate::error::EntityError::NodeNotFound(node_id))?;
-    //                 let pos = node.position + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-    //                 offset_positions.push(pos + offset);
-    //             }
-
-    //             // Draw lines between the offset positions
-    //             for window in offset_positions.windows(2) {
-    //                 if let (Some(from), Some(to)) = (window.first(), window.get(1)) {
-    //                     // Skip if the distance is too far (used for preventing lines between tunnel portals)
-    //                     if from.distance_squared(*to) > (crate::constants::CELL_SIZE * 16).pow(2) as f32 {
-    //                         continue;
-    //                     }
-
-    //                     // Draw the line
-    //                     canvas
-    //                         .draw_line((from.x as i32, from.y as i32), (to.x as i32, to.y as i32))
-    //                         .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-    //                 }
-    //             }
-    //         }
-    //     }
-
-    //     Ok(())
-    // }
-
-    // fn draw_hud<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&mut self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>) -> GameResult<()> {
-    //     let lives = 3;
-    //     let score_text = format!("{:02}", self.state.score);
-    //     let x_offset = 4;
-    //     let y_offset = 2;
-    //     let lives_offset = 3;
-    //     let score_offset = 7 - (score_text.len() as i32);
-    //     self.state.text_texture.set_scale(1.0);
-    //     if let Err(e) = self.state.text_texture.render(
-    //         canvas,
-    //         &mut self.state.atlas,
-    //         &format!("{lives}UP   HIGH SCORE   "),
-    //         glam::UVec2::new(8 * lives_offset as u32 + x_offset, y_offset),
-    //     ) {
-    //         tracing::error!("Failed to render HUD text: {}", e);
-    //     }
-    //     if let Err(e) = self.state.text_texture.render(
-    //         canvas,
-    //         &mut self.state.atlas,
-    //         &score_text,
-    //         glam::UVec2::new(8 * score_offset as u32 + x_offset, 8 + y_offset),
-    //     ) {
-    //         tracing::error!("Failed to render score text: {}", e);
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Display FPS information in top-left corner
-    //     // let fps_text = format!("FPS: {:.1} (1s) / {:.1} (10s)", self.fps_1s, self.fps_10s);
-    //     // self.render_text_on(
-    //     //     canvas,
-    //     //     &*texture_creator,
-    //     //     &fps_text,
-    //     //     IVec2::new(10, 10),
-    //     //     Color::RGB(255, 255, 0), // Yellow color for FPS display
-    //     // );
-
-    //     Ok(())
-    // }
-}
--- a/src/game/state.rs
+++ b/src/game/state.rs
@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-// use std::collections::VecDeque;
-
-// use sdl2::{
-//     image::LoadTexture,
-//     render::{Texture, TextureCreator},
-//     video::WindowContext,
-// };
-// use smallvec::SmallVec;
-
-// use crate::{
-//     asset::{get_asset_bytes, Asset},
-//     audio::Audio,
-//     constants::RAW_BOARD,
-//     entity::{
-//         collision::{Collidable, CollisionSystem, EntityId},
-//         ghost::{Ghost, GhostType},
-//         item::Item,
-//         pacman::Pacman,
-//     },
-//     error::{GameError, GameResult, TextureError},
-//     game::events::GameEvent,
-//     map::builder::Map,
-//     texture::{
-//         sprite::{AtlasMapper, SpriteAtlas},
-//         text::TextTexture,
-//     },
-// };
-
-// include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/atlas_data.rs"));
-
-// /// The `GameState` struct holds all the essential data for the game.
-// ///
-// /// This includes the score, map, entities (Pac-Man, ghosts, items),
-// /// collision system, and rendering resources. By centralizing the game's state,
-// /// we can cleanly separate it from the game's logic, making it easier to manage
-// /// and reason about.
-// pub struct GameState {
-//     pub paused: bool,
-
-//     pub score: u32,
-//     pub map: Map,
-//     pub pacman: Pacman,
-//     pub pacman_id: EntityId,
-//     pub ghosts: SmallVec<[Ghost; 4]>,
-//     pub ghost_ids: SmallVec<[EntityId; 4]>,
-//     pub items: Vec<Item>,
-//     pub item_ids: Vec<EntityId>,
-//     pub debug_mode: bool,
-//     pub event_queue: VecDeque<GameEvent>,
-
-//     // Collision system
-//     pub(crate) collision_system: CollisionSystem,
-
-//     // Rendering resources
-//     pub(crate) atlas: SpriteAtlas,
-//     pub(crate) text_texture: TextTexture,
-
-//     // Audio
-//     pub audio: Audio,
-
-//     // Map texture pre-rendering
-//     pub(crate) map_texture: Option<Texture<'static>>,
-//     pub(crate) map_rendered: bool,
-//     pub(crate) texture_creator: &'static TextureCreator<WindowContext>,
-// }
-
-// impl GameState {
-//     /// Creates a new `GameState` by initializing all the game's data.
-//     ///
-//     /// This function sets up the map, Pac-Man, ghosts, items, collision system,
-//     /// and all rendering resources required to start the game. It returns a `GameResult`
-//     /// to handle any potential errors during initialization.
-//     pub fn new(texture_creator: &'static TextureCreator<WindowContext>) -> GameResult<Self> {
-//         let map = Map::new(RAW_BOARD)?;
-
-//         let start_node = map.start_positions.pacman;
-
-//         let atlas_bytes = get_asset_bytes(Asset::Atlas)?;
-//         let atlas_texture = texture_creator.load_texture_bytes(&atlas_bytes).map_err(|e| {
-//             if e.to_string().contains("format") || e.to_string().contains("unsupported") {
-//                 GameError::Texture(TextureError::InvalidFormat(format!("Unsupported texture format: {e}")))
-//             } else {
-//                 GameError::Texture(TextureError::LoadFailed(e.to_string()))
-//             }
-//         })?;
-
-//         let atlas_mapper = AtlasMapper {
-//             frames: ATLAS_FRAMES.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), *v)).collect(),
-//         };
-//         let atlas = SpriteAtlas::new(atlas_texture, atlas_mapper);
-
-//         let text_texture = TextTexture::new(1.0);
-//         let audio = Audio::new();
-//         let pacman = Pacman::new(&map.graph, start_node, &atlas)?;
-
-//         // Generate items (pellets and energizers)
-//         let items = map.generate_items(&atlas)?;
-
-//         // Initialize collision system
-//         let mut collision_system = CollisionSystem::default();
-
-//         // Register Pac-Man
-//         let pacman_id = collision_system.register_entity(pacman.position());
-
-//         // Register items
-//         let item_ids = items
-//             .iter()
-//             .map(|item| collision_system.register_entity(item.position()))
-//             .collect();
-
-//         // Create and register ghosts
-//         let ghosts = [GhostType::Blinky, GhostType::Pinky, GhostType::Inky, GhostType::Clyde]
-//             .iter()
-//             .zip(
-//                 [
-//                     map.start_positions.blinky,
-//                     map.start_positions.pinky,
-//                     map.start_positions.inky,
-//                     map.start_positions.clyde,
-//                 ]
-//                 .iter(),
-//             )
-//             .map(|(ghost_type, start_node)| Ghost::new(&map.graph, *start_node, *ghost_type, &atlas))
-//             .collect::<GameResult<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>>()?;
-
-//         // Register ghosts
-//         let ghost_ids = ghosts
-//             .iter()
-//             .map(|ghost| collision_system.register_entity(ghost.position()))
-//             .collect();
-
-//         Ok(Self {
-//             paused: false,
-//             map,
-//             atlas,
-//             pacman,
-//             pacman_id,
-//             ghosts,
-//             ghost_ids,
-//             items,
-//             item_ids,
-//             text_texture,
-//             audio,
-//             score: 0,
-//             debug_mode: false,
-//             collision_system,
-//             map_texture: None,
-//             map_rendered: false,
-//             texture_creator,
-//             event_queue: VecDeque::new(),
-//         })
-//     }
-// }
--- a/src/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/helpers.rs
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-use glam::{IVec2, UVec2};
-use sdl2::rect::Rect;
-
-pub fn centered_with_size(pixel_pos: IVec2, size: UVec2) -> Rect {
-    // Ensure the position doesn't cause integer overflow when centering
-    let x = pixel_pos.x.saturating_sub(size.x as i32 / 2);
-    let y = pixel_pos.y.saturating_sub(size.y as i32 / 2);
-
-    Rect::new(x, y, size.x, size.y)
-}
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -4,11 +4,9 @@ pub mod app;
 pub mod asset;
 pub mod audio;
 pub mod constants;
-pub mod entity;
 pub mod error;
 pub mod events;
 pub mod game;
-pub mod helpers;
 pub mod map;
 pub mod platform;
 pub mod systems;
--- a/src/main.rs
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
+// Note: This disables the console window on Windows. We manually re-attach to the parent terminal or process later on.
 #![windows_subsystem = "windows"]

 use crate::{app::App, constants::LOOP_TIME};
-use tracing::info;
-use tracing_error::ErrorLayer;
-use tracing_subscriber::layer::SubscriberExt;
+use tracing::{debug, info, warn};

 mod app;
 mod asset;
 mod audio;
 mod constants;

-mod entity;
 mod error;
 mod events;
 mod game;
-mod helpers;
 mod map;
 mod platform;
 mod systems;
@@ -25,18 +22,23 @@ mod texture;
 /// This function initializes SDL, the window, the game state, and then enters
 /// the main game loop.
 pub fn main() {
-    // Setup tracing
-    let subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
-        .with_ansi(cfg!(not(target_os = "emscripten")))
-        .with_max_level(tracing::Level::DEBUG)
-        .finish()
-        .with(ErrorLayer::default());
+    if platform::requires_console() {
+        // Setup buffered tracing subscriber that will buffer logs until console is ready
+        let switchable_writer = platform::tracing_buffer::setup_switchable_subscriber();

-    tracing::subscriber::set_global_default(subscriber).expect("Could not set global default");
+        // Initialize platform-specific console
+        platform::init_console().expect("Could not initialize console");
+
+        // Now that console is initialized, flush buffered logs and switch to direct output
+        debug!("Switching to direct logging mode and flushing buffer...");
+        if let Err(error) = switchable_writer.switch_to_direct_mode() {
+            warn!("Failed to flush buffered logs to console: {error:?}");
+        }
+    }

    let mut app = App::new().expect("Could not create app");

-    info!("Starting game loop ({:?})", LOOP_TIME);
+    info!(loop_time = ?LOOP_TIME, "Starting game loop");

    loop {
        if !app.run() {
--- a/src/map/builder.rs
+++ b/src/map/builder.rs
@@ -1,38 +1,47 @@
 //! Map construction and building functionality.
 use crate::constants::{MapTile, BOARD_CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE};
-use crate::entity::direction::Direction;
-use crate::entity::graph::{Graph, Node, TraversalFlags};
+use crate::map::direction::Direction;
+use crate::map::graph::{Graph, Node, TraversalFlags};
 use crate::map::parser::MapTileParser;
-use crate::map::render::MapRenderer;
 use crate::systems::movement::NodeId;
-use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
 use bevy_ecs::resource::Resource;
-use glam::{IVec2, Vec2};
-use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
+use glam::{I8Vec2, IVec2, Vec2};
 use std::collections::{HashMap, VecDeque};
 use tracing::debug;

 use crate::error::{GameResult, MapError};

-/// The starting positions of the entities in the game.
+/// Predefined spawn locations for all game entities within the navigation graph.
+///
+/// These positions are determined during map parsing and graph construction.
 pub struct NodePositions {
+    /// Pac-Man's starting position in the lower section of the maze
    pub pacman: NodeId,
+    /// Blinky starts at the ghost house entrance
    pub blinky: NodeId,
+    /// Pinky starts in the left area of the ghost house
    pub pinky: NodeId,
+    /// Inky starts in the right area of the ghost house
    pub inky: NodeId,
+    /// Clyde starts in the center of the ghost house
    pub clyde: NodeId,
 }

-/// The main map structure containing the game board and navigation graph.
+/// Complete maze representation combining visual layout with navigation pathfinding.
+///
+/// Transforms the ASCII board layout into a fully connected navigation graph
+/// while preserving tile-based collision and rendering data. The graph enables
+/// smooth entity movement with proper pathfinding, while the grid mapping allows
+/// efficient spatial queries and debug visualization.
 #[derive(Resource)]
 pub struct Map {
-    /// The node map for entity movement.
+    /// Connected graph of navigable positions.
    pub graph: Graph,
-    /// A mapping from grid positions to node IDs.
-    pub grid_to_node: HashMap<IVec2, NodeId>,
-    /// A mapping of the starting positions of the entities.
+    /// Bidirectional mapping between 2D grid coordinates and graph node indices.
+    pub grid_to_node: HashMap<I8Vec2, NodeId>,
+    /// Predetermined spawn locations for all game entities
    pub start_positions: NodePositions,
-    /// The raw tile data for the map.
+    /// 2D array of tile types for collision detection and rendering
    tiles: [[MapTile; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize]; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as usize],
 }

@@ -67,8 +76,8 @@ impl Map {
        let mut queue = VecDeque::new();
        queue.push_back(start_pos);
        let pos = Vec2::new(
-            (start_pos.x * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
-            (start_pos.y * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
+            (start_pos.x as i32 * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
+            (start_pos.y as i32 * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
        ) + cell_offset;
        let node_id = graph.add_node(Node { position: pos });
        grid_to_node.insert(start_pos, node_id);
@@ -80,9 +89,9 @@ impl Map {

                // Skip if the new position is out of bounds
                if new_position.x < 0
-                    || new_position.x >= BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as i32
+                    || new_position.x as i32 >= BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as i32
                    || new_position.y < 0
-                    || new_position.y >= BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as i32
+                    || new_position.y as i32 >= BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as i32
                {
                    continue;
                }
@@ -99,8 +108,8 @@ impl Map {
                ) {
                    // Add the new position to the graph/queue
                    let pos = Vec2::new(
-                        (new_position.x * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
-                        (new_position.y * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
+                        (new_position.x as i32 * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
+                        (new_position.y as i32 * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
                    ) + cell_offset;
                    let new_node_id = graph.add_node(Node { position: pos });
                    grid_to_node.insert(new_position, new_node_id);
@@ -123,7 +132,7 @@ impl Map {
        for (grid_pos, &node_id) in &grid_to_node {
            for dir in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
                // If the node doesn't have an edge in this direction, look for a neighbor in that direction
-                if graph.adjacency_list[node_id].get(dir).is_none() {
+                if graph.adjacency_list[node_id as usize].get(dir).is_none() {
                    let neighbor = grid_pos + dir.as_ivec2();
                    // If the neighbor exists, connect the node to it
                    if let Some(&neighbor_id) = grid_to_node.get(&neighbor) {
@@ -165,26 +174,34 @@ impl Map {
        })
    }

-    /// Renders a debug visualization with cursor-based highlighting.
-    ///
-    /// This function provides interactive debugging by highlighting the nearest node
-    /// to the cursor, showing its ID, and highlighting its connections.
-    pub fn debug_render_with_cursor<T: RenderTarget>(
-        &self,
-        canvas: &mut Canvas<T>,
-        text_renderer: &mut crate::texture::text::TextTexture,
-        atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas,
-        cursor_pos: glam::Vec2,
-    ) -> GameResult<()> {
-        MapRenderer::debug_render_with_cursor(&self.graph, canvas, text_renderer, atlas, cursor_pos)
+    /// Returns the `MapTile` at a given node id.
+    pub fn tile_at_node(&self, node_id: NodeId) -> Option<MapTile> {
+        // reverse lookup: node -> grid
+        for (grid_pos, id) in &self.grid_to_node {
+            if *id == node_id {
+                return Some(self.tiles[grid_pos.x as usize][grid_pos.y as usize]);
+            }
+        }
+        None
    }

-    /// Builds the house structure in the graph.
+    /// Constructs the ghost house area with restricted access and internal navigation.
+    ///
+    /// Creates a multi-level ghost house with entrance control, internal movement
+    /// areas, and starting positions for each ghost. The house entrance uses
+    /// ghost-only traversal flags to prevent Pac-Man from entering while allowing
+    /// ghosts to exit. Internal nodes are arranged in vertical lines to provide
+    /// distinct starting areas for each ghost character.
+    ///
+    /// # Returns
+    ///
+    /// Tuple of node IDs: (house_entrance, left_center, center_center, right_center)
+    /// representing the four key positions within the ghost house structure.
    fn build_house(
        graph: &mut Graph,
-        grid_to_node: &HashMap<IVec2, NodeId>,
-        house_door: &[Option<IVec2>; 2],
-    ) -> GameResult<(usize, usize, usize, usize)> {
+        grid_to_node: &HashMap<I8Vec2, NodeId>,
+        house_door: &[Option<I8Vec2>; 2],
+    ) -> GameResult<(NodeId, NodeId, NodeId, NodeId)> {
        // Calculate the position of the house entrance node
        let (house_entrance_node_id, house_entrance_node_position) = {
            // Translate the grid positions to the actual node ids
@@ -205,10 +222,13 @@ impl Map {

            // Calculate the position of the house node
            let (node_id, node_position) = {
-                let left_pos = graph.get_node(*left_node).ok_or(MapError::NodeNotFound(*left_node))?.position;
+                let left_pos = graph
+                    .get_node(*left_node)
+                    .ok_or(MapError::NodeNotFound(*left_node as usize))?
+                    .position;
                let right_pos = graph
                    .get_node(*right_node)
-                    .ok_or(MapError::NodeNotFound(*right_node))?
+                    .ok_or(MapError::NodeNotFound(*right_node as usize))?
                    .position;
                let house_node = graph.add_node(Node {
                    position: left_pos.lerp(right_pos, 0.5),
@@ -232,10 +252,10 @@ impl Map {
            // Place the nodes at, above, and below the center position
            let center_node_id = graph.add_node(Node { position: center_pos });
            let top_node_id = graph.add_node(Node {
-                position: center_pos + (Direction::Up.as_ivec2() * (CELL_SIZE as i32 / 2)).as_vec2(),
+                position: center_pos + IVec2::from(Direction::Up.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (CELL_SIZE as f32 / 2.0),
            });
            let bottom_node_id = graph.add_node(Node {
-                position: center_pos + (Direction::Down.as_ivec2() * (CELL_SIZE as i32 / 2)).as_vec2(),
+                position: center_pos + IVec2::from(Direction::Down.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (CELL_SIZE as f32 / 2.0),
            });

            // Connect the center node to the top and bottom nodes
@@ -251,7 +271,7 @@ impl Map {

        // Calculate the position of the center line's center node
        let center_line_center_position =
-            house_entrance_node_position + (Direction::Down.as_ivec2() * (3 * CELL_SIZE as i32)).as_vec2();
+            house_entrance_node_position + IVec2::from(Direction::Down.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (3.0 * CELL_SIZE as f32);

        // Create the center line
        let (center_center_node_id, center_top_node_id) = create_house_line(graph, center_line_center_position)?;
@@ -283,13 +303,13 @@ impl Map {
        // Create the left line
        let (left_center_node_id, _) = create_house_line(
            graph,
-            center_line_center_position + (Direction::Left.as_ivec2() * (CELL_SIZE as i32 * 2)).as_vec2(),
+            center_line_center_position + IVec2::from(Direction::Left.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (CELL_SIZE as f32 * 2.0),
        )?;

        // Create the right line
        let (right_center_node_id, _) = create_house_line(
            graph,
-            center_line_center_position + (Direction::Right.as_ivec2() * (CELL_SIZE as i32 * 2)).as_vec2(),
+            center_line_center_position + IVec2::from(Direction::Right.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (CELL_SIZE as f32 * 2.0),
        )?;

        debug!("Left center node id: {left_center_node_id}");
@@ -313,11 +333,14 @@ impl Map {
        ))
    }

-    /// Builds the tunnel connections in the graph.
+    /// Creates horizontal tunnel portals for instant teleportation across the maze.
+    ///
+    /// Establishes the tunnel system that allows entities to instantly travel from the left edge of the maze to the right edge.
+    /// Creates hidden intermediate nodes beyond the visible tunnel entrances and connects them with zero-distance edges for instantaneous traversal.
    fn build_tunnels(
        graph: &mut Graph,
-        grid_to_node: &HashMap<IVec2, NodeId>,
-        tunnel_ends: &[Option<IVec2>; 2],
+        grid_to_node: &HashMap<I8Vec2, NodeId>,
+        tunnel_ends: &[Option<I8Vec2>; 2],
    ) -> GameResult<()> {
        // Create the hidden tunnel nodes
        let left_tunnel_hidden_node_id = {
@@ -333,7 +356,7 @@ impl Map {
                    Direction::Left,
                    Node {
                        position: left_tunnel_entrance_node.position
-                            + (Direction::Left.as_ivec2() * (CELL_SIZE as i32 * 2)).as_vec2(),
+                            + IVec2::from(Direction::Left.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (CELL_SIZE as f32 * 2.0),
                    },
                )
                .map_err(|e| {
@@ -358,7 +381,7 @@ impl Map {
                    Direction::Right,
                    Node {
                        position: right_tunnel_entrance_node.position
-                            + (Direction::Right.as_ivec2() * (CELL_SIZE as i32 * 2)).as_vec2(),
+                            + IVec2::from(Direction::Right.as_ivec2()).as_vec2() * (CELL_SIZE as f32 * 2.0),
                    },
                )
                .map_err(|e| {
--- a/src/entity/direction.rs
+++ b/src/entity/direction.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-use glam::IVec2;
+use glam::I8Vec2;
+use strum_macros::AsRefStr;

 /// The four cardinal directions.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Default)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Default, AsRefStr)]
 #[repr(usize)]
+#[strum(serialize_all = "lowercase")]
 pub enum Direction {
    Up,
    Down,
@@ -26,8 +28,8 @@ impl Direction {
        }
    }

-    /// Returns the direction as an IVec2.
-    pub fn as_ivec2(self) -> IVec2 {
+    /// Returns the direction as an I8Vec2.
+    pub fn as_ivec2(self) -> I8Vec2 {
        self.into()
    }

@@ -43,13 +45,13 @@ impl Direction {
    }
 }

-impl From<Direction> for IVec2 {
+impl From<Direction> for I8Vec2 {
    fn from(dir: Direction) -> Self {
        match dir {
-            Direction::Up => -IVec2::Y,
-            Direction::Down => IVec2::Y,
-            Direction::Left => -IVec2::X,
-            Direction::Right => IVec2::X,
+            Direction::Up => -I8Vec2::Y,
+            Direction::Down => I8Vec2::Y,
+            Direction::Left => -I8Vec2::X,
+            Direction::Right => I8Vec2::X,
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/entity/graph.rs
+++ b/src/entity/graph.rs
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ impl Graph {

    /// Adds a new node with the given data to the graph and returns its ID.
    pub fn add_node(&mut self, data: Node) -> NodeId {
-        let id = self.nodes.len();
+        let id = self.nodes.len() as NodeId;
        self.nodes.push(data);
        self.adjacency_list.push(Intersection::default());
        id
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ impl Graph {
        distance: Option<f32>,
        direction: Direction,
    ) -> Result<(), &'static str> {
-        if from >= self.adjacency_list.len() {
+        if from as usize >= self.adjacency_list.len() {
            return Err("From node does not exist.");
        }
-        if to >= self.adjacency_list.len() {
+        if to as usize >= self.adjacency_list.len() {
            return Err("To node does not exist.");
        }

@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ impl Graph {
                }
                None => {
                    // If no distance is provided, calculate it based on the positions of the nodes
-                    let from_pos = self.nodes[from].position;
-                    let to_pos = self.nodes[to].position;
+                    let from_pos = self.nodes[from as usize].position;
+                    let to_pos = self.nodes[to as usize].position;
                    from_pos.distance(to_pos)
                }
            },
@@ -187,11 +187,11 @@ impl Graph {
            traversal_flags,
        };

-        if from >= self.adjacency_list.len() {
+        if from as usize >= self.adjacency_list.len() {
            return Err("From node does not exist.");
        }

-        let adjacency_list = &mut self.adjacency_list[from];
+        let adjacency_list = &mut self.adjacency_list[from as usize];

        // Check if the edge already exists in this direction or to the same target
        if let Some(err) = adjacency_list.edges().find_map(|e| {
@@ -215,12 +215,7 @@ impl Graph {

    /// Retrieves an immutable reference to a node's data.
    pub fn get_node(&self, id: NodeId) -> Option<&Node> {
-        self.nodes.get(id)
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the total number of nodes in the graph.
-    pub fn node_count(&self) -> usize {
-        self.nodes.len()
+        self.nodes.get(id as usize)
    }

    /// Returns an iterator over all nodes in the graph.
@@ -233,17 +228,17 @@ impl Graph {
        self.adjacency_list
            .iter()
            .enumerate()
-            .flat_map(|(node_id, intersection)| intersection.edges().map(move |edge| (node_id, edge)))
+            .flat_map(|(node_id, intersection)| intersection.edges().map(move |edge| (node_id as NodeId, edge)))
    }

    /// Finds a specific edge from a source node to a target node.
    pub fn find_edge(&self, from: NodeId, to: NodeId) -> Option<Edge> {
-        self.adjacency_list.get(from)?.edges().find(|edge| edge.target == to)
+        self.adjacency_list.get(from as usize)?.edges().find(|edge| edge.target == to)
    }

    /// Finds an edge originating from a given node that follows a specific direction.
    pub fn find_edge_in_direction(&self, from: NodeId, direction: Direction) -> Option<Edge> {
-        self.adjacency_list.get(from)?.get(direction)
+        self.adjacency_list.get(from as usize)?.get(direction)
    }
 }

--- a/src/map/mod.rs
+++ b/src/map/mod.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 //! This module defines the game map and provides functions for interacting with it.

 pub mod builder;
+pub mod direction;
+pub mod graph;
 pub mod layout;
 pub mod parser;
 pub mod render;
--- a/src/map/parser.rs
+++ b/src/map/parser.rs
@@ -2,34 +2,42 @@

 use crate::constants::{MapTile, BOARD_CELL_SIZE};
 use crate::error::ParseError;
-use glam::IVec2;
+use glam::I8Vec2;

-/// Represents the parsed data from a raw board layout.
+/// Structured representation of parsed ASCII board layout with extracted special positions.
+///
+/// Contains the complete board state after character-to-tile conversion, along with
+/// the locations of special gameplay elements that require additional processing
+/// during graph construction. Special positions are extracted during parsing to
+/// enable proper map builder initialization.
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct ParsedMap {
-    /// The parsed tile layout.
+    /// 2D array of tiles converted from ASCII characters
    pub tiles: [[MapTile; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize]; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as usize],
-    /// The positions of the house door tiles.
-    pub house_door: [Option<IVec2>; 2],
-    /// The positions of the tunnel end tiles.
-    pub tunnel_ends: [Option<IVec2>; 2],
-    /// Pac-Man's starting position.
-    pub pacman_start: Option<IVec2>,
+    /// Two positions marking the ghost house entrance (represented by '=' characters)
+    pub house_door: [Option<I8Vec2>; 2],
+    /// Two positions marking tunnel portals for wraparound teleportation ('T' characters)
+    pub tunnel_ends: [Option<I8Vec2>; 2],
+    /// Starting position for Pac-Man (marked by 'X' character in the layout)
+    pub pacman_start: Option<I8Vec2>,
 }

 /// Parser for converting raw board layouts into structured map data.
 pub struct MapTileParser;

 impl MapTileParser {
-    /// Parses a single character into a map tile.
+    /// Converts ASCII characters from the board layout into corresponding tile types.
    ///
-    /// # Arguments
+    /// Interprets the character-based maze representation: walls (`#`), collectible
+    /// pellets (`.` and `o`), traversable spaces (` `), tunnel entrances (`T`),
+    /// ghost house doors (`=`), and entity spawn markers (`X`). Special characters
+    /// that don't represent tiles in the final map (like spawn markers) are
+    /// converted to `Empty` tiles while their positions are tracked separately.
    ///
-    /// * `c` - The character to parse
+    /// # Errors
    ///
-    /// # Returns
-    ///
-    /// The parsed map tile, or an error if the character is unknown.
+    /// Returns `ParseError::UnknownCharacter` for any character not defined
+    /// in the game's ASCII art vocabulary.
    pub fn parse_character(c: char) -> Result<MapTile, ParseError> {
        match c {
            '#' => Ok(MapTile::Wall),
@@ -80,7 +88,7 @@ impl MapTileParser {
        let mut tiles = [[MapTile::Empty; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize]; BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as usize];
        let mut house_door = [None; 2];
        let mut tunnel_ends = [None; 2];
-        let mut pacman_start: Option<IVec2> = None;
+        let mut pacman_start: Option<I8Vec2> = None;

        for (y, line) in raw_board.iter().enumerate().take(BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize) {
            for (x, character) in line.chars().enumerate().take(BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as usize) {
@@ -90,16 +98,16 @@ impl MapTileParser {
                match tile {
                    MapTile::Tunnel => {
                        if tunnel_ends[0].is_none() {
-                            tunnel_ends[0] = Some(IVec2::new(x as i32, y as i32));
+                            tunnel_ends[0] = Some(I8Vec2::new(x as i8, y as i8));
                        } else {
-                            tunnel_ends[1] = Some(IVec2::new(x as i32, y as i32));
+                            tunnel_ends[1] = Some(I8Vec2::new(x as i8, y as i8));
                        }
                    }
                    MapTile::Wall if character == '=' => {
                        if house_door[0].is_none() {
-                            house_door[0] = Some(IVec2::new(x as i32, y as i32));
+                            house_door[0] = Some(I8Vec2::new(x as i8, y as i8));
                        } else {
-                            house_door[1] = Some(IVec2::new(x as i32, y as i32));
+                            house_door[1] = Some(I8Vec2::new(x as i8, y as i8));
                        }
                    }
                    _ => {}
@@ -107,7 +115,7 @@ impl MapTileParser {

                // Track Pac-Man's starting position
                if character == 'X' {
-                    pacman_start = Some(IVec2::new(x as i32, y as i32));
+                    pacman_start = Some(I8Vec2::new(x as i8, y as i8));
                }

                tiles[x][y] = tile;
--- a/src/map/render.rs
+++ b/src/map/render.rs
@@ -3,14 +3,10 @@
 use crate::constants::{BOARD_CELL_OFFSET, CELL_SIZE};
 use crate::map::layout::TILE_MAP;
 use crate::texture::sprite::{AtlasTile, SpriteAtlas};
-use crate::texture::text::TextTexture;
-use glam::Vec2;
 use sdl2::pixels::Color;
-use sdl2::rect::{Point, Rect};
+use sdl2::rect::Rect;
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};

-use crate::error::{EntityError, GameError, GameResult};
-
 /// Handles rendering operations for the map.
 pub struct MapRenderer;

@@ -37,111 +33,4 @@ impl MapRenderer {
            }
        }
    }
-
-    /// Renders a debug visualization with cursor-based highlighting.
-    ///
-    /// This function provides interactive debugging by highlighting the nearest node
-    /// to the cursor, showing its ID, and highlighting its connections.
-    pub fn debug_render_with_cursor<T: RenderTarget>(
-        graph: &crate::entity::graph::Graph,
-        canvas: &mut Canvas<T>,
-        text_renderer: &mut TextTexture,
-        atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas,
-        cursor_pos: Vec2,
-    ) -> GameResult<()> {
-        // Find the nearest node to the cursor
-        let nearest_node = Self::find_nearest_node(graph, cursor_pos);
-
-        // Draw all connections in blue
-        canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGB(0, 0, 128)); // Dark blue for regular connections
-        for i in 0..graph.node_count() {
-            let node = graph.get_node(i).ok_or(GameError::Entity(EntityError::NodeNotFound(i)))?;
-            let pos = node.position + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-
-            for edge in graph.adjacency_list[i].edges() {
-                let end_pos = graph
-                    .get_node(edge.target)
-                    .ok_or(GameError::Entity(EntityError::NodeNotFound(edge.target)))?
-                    .position
-                    + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-                canvas
-                    .draw_line((pos.x as i32, pos.y as i32), (end_pos.x as i32, end_pos.y as i32))
-                    .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Draw all nodes in green
-        canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGB(0, 128, 0)); // Dark green for regular nodes
-        for i in 0..graph.node_count() {
-            let node = graph.get_node(i).ok_or(GameError::Entity(EntityError::NodeNotFound(i)))?;
-            let pos = node.position + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-
-            canvas
-                .fill_rect(Rect::new(0, 0, 3, 3).centered_on(Point::new(pos.x as i32, pos.y as i32)))
-                .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-        }
-
-        // Highlight connections from the nearest node in bright blue
-        if let Some(nearest_id) = nearest_node {
-            let nearest_pos = graph
-                .get_node(nearest_id)
-                .ok_or(GameError::Entity(EntityError::NodeNotFound(nearest_id)))?
-                .position
-                + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-
-            canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGB(0, 255, 255)); // Bright cyan for highlighted connections
-            for edge in graph.adjacency_list[nearest_id].edges() {
-                let end_pos = graph
-                    .get_node(edge.target)
-                    .ok_or(GameError::Entity(EntityError::NodeNotFound(edge.target)))?
-                    .position
-                    + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-                canvas
-                    .draw_line(
-                        (nearest_pos.x as i32, nearest_pos.y as i32),
-                        (end_pos.x as i32, end_pos.y as i32),
-                    )
-                    .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-            }
-
-            // Highlight the nearest node in bright green
-            canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGB(0, 255, 0)); // Bright green for highlighted node
-            canvas
-                .fill_rect(Rect::new(0, 0, 5, 5).centered_on(Point::new(nearest_pos.x as i32, nearest_pos.y as i32)))
-                .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-
-            // Draw node ID text (small, offset to top right)
-            text_renderer.set_scale(0.5); // Small text
-            let id_text = format!("#{nearest_id}");
-            let text_pos = glam::UVec2::new(
-                (nearest_pos.x + 4.0) as u32, // Offset to the right
-                (nearest_pos.y - 6.0) as u32, // Offset to the top
-            );
-            if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render(canvas, atlas, &id_text, text_pos) {
-                tracing::error!("Failed to render node ID text: {}", e);
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Finds the nearest node to the given cursor position.
-    pub fn find_nearest_node(graph: &crate::entity::graph::Graph, cursor_pos: Vec2) -> Option<usize> {
-        let mut nearest_id = None;
-        let mut nearest_distance = f32::INFINITY;
-
-        for i in 0..graph.node_count() {
-            if let Some(node) = graph.get_node(i) {
-                let node_pos = node.position + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2();
-                let distance = cursor_pos.distance(node_pos);
-
-                if distance < nearest_distance {
-                    nearest_distance = distance;
-                    nearest_id = Some(i);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        nearest_id
-    }
 }
--- a/src/platform/buffered_writer.rs
+++ b/src/platform/buffered_writer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+//! Buffered writer for tracing logs that can store logs before console attachment.
+
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use std::io::{self, Write};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// A thread-safe buffered writer that stores logs in memory until flushed.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct BufferedWriter {
+    buffer: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
+}
+
+impl BufferedWriter {
+    /// Creates a new buffered writer.
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            buffer: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new())),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Flushes all buffered content to the provided writer and clears the buffer.
+    pub fn flush_to<W: Write>(&self, mut writer: W) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let mut buffer = self.buffer.lock();
+        if !buffer.is_empty() {
+            writer.write_all(&buffer)?;
+            writer.flush()?;
+            buffer.clear();
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the current buffer size in bytes.
+    pub fn buffer_size(&self) -> usize {
+        self.buffer.lock().len()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Write for BufferedWriter {
+    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let mut buffer = self.buffer.lock();
+        buffer.extend_from_slice(buf);
+        Ok(buf.len())
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        // For buffered writer, flush is a no-op since we're storing in memory
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for BufferedWriter {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
--- a/src/platform/desktop.rs
+++ b/src/platform/desktop.rs
@@ -3,79 +3,167 @@
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::time::Duration;

+use rand::rngs::ThreadRng;
+
 use crate::asset::Asset;
 use crate::error::{AssetError, PlatformError};
-use crate::platform::Platform;

 /// Desktop platform implementation.
-pub struct DesktopPlatform;
-
-impl Platform for DesktopPlatform {
-    fn sleep(&self, duration: Duration, focused: bool) {
-        if focused {
-            spin_sleep::sleep(duration);
-        } else {
-            std::thread::sleep(duration);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_time(&self) -> f64 {
-        std::time::Instant::now().elapsed().as_secs_f64()
-    }
-
-    fn init_console(&self) -> Result<(), PlatformError> {
-        #[cfg(windows)]
-        {
-            unsafe {
-                use winapi::{
-                    shared::ntdef::NULL,
-                    um::{
-                        fileapi::{CreateFileA, OPEN_EXISTING},
-                        handleapi::INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
-                        processenv::SetStdHandle,
-                        winbase::{STD_ERROR_HANDLE, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE},
-                        wincon::{AttachConsole, GetConsoleWindow},
-                        winnt::{FILE_SHARE_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, GENERIC_READ, GENERIC_WRITE},
-                    },
-                };
-
-                if !std::ptr::eq(GetConsoleWindow(), std::ptr::null_mut()) {
-                    return Ok(());
-                }
-
-                if AttachConsole(winapi::um::wincon::ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS) != 0 {
-                    let handle = CreateFileA(
-                        c"CONOUT$".as_ptr(),
-                        GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
-                        FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
-                        std::ptr::null_mut(),
-                        OPEN_EXISTING,
-                        0,
-                        NULL,
-                    );
-
-                    if handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE {
-                        SetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, handle);
-                        SetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE, handle);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn get_canvas_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        None // Desktop doesn't need this
-    }
-
-    fn get_asset_bytes(&self, asset: Asset) -> Result<Cow<'static, [u8]>, AssetError> {
-        match asset {
-            Asset::Wav1 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/1.ogg"))),
-            Asset::Wav2 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/2.ogg"))),
-            Asset::Wav3 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/3.ogg"))),
-            Asset::Wav4 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/4.ogg"))),
-            Asset::Atlas => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/atlas.png"))),
-        }
+pub fn sleep(duration: Duration, focused: bool) {
+    if focused {
+        spin_sleep::sleep(duration);
+    } else {
+        std::thread::sleep(duration);
    }
 }
+
+pub fn init_console() -> Result<(), PlatformError> {
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        use tracing::{debug, info};
+        use windows::Win32::System::Console::GetConsoleWindow;
+
+        // Check if we already have a console window
+        if unsafe { !GetConsoleWindow().0.is_null() } {
+            debug!("Already have a console window");
+            return Ok(());
+        } else {
+            debug!("No existing console window found");
+        }
+
+        if let Some(file_type) = is_output_setup()? {
+            debug!(r#type = file_type, "Existing output detected");
+        } else {
+            debug!("No existing output detected");
+
+            // Try to attach to parent console for direct cargo run
+            attach_to_parent_console()?;
+            info!("Successfully attached to parent console");
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn requires_console() -> bool {
+    cfg!(windows)
+}
+
+pub fn get_asset_bytes(asset: Asset) -> Result<Cow<'static, [u8]>, AssetError> {
+    match asset {
+        Asset::Wav1 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/1.ogg"))),
+        Asset::Wav2 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/2.ogg"))),
+        Asset::Wav3 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/3.ogg"))),
+        Asset::Wav4 => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/sound/waka/4.ogg"))),
+        Asset::AtlasImage => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/atlas.png"))),
+        Asset::Font => Ok(Cow::Borrowed(include_bytes!("../../assets/game/TerminalVector.ttf"))),
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn rng() -> ThreadRng {
+    rand::rng()
+}
+
+/* Internal functions */
+
+/// Check if the output stream has been setup by a parent process
+/// Windows-only
+#[cfg(windows)]
+fn is_output_setup() -> Result<Option<&'static str>, PlatformError> {
+    use tracing::{debug, warn};
+
+    use windows::Win32::Storage::FileSystem::{
+        GetFileType, FILE_TYPE_CHAR, FILE_TYPE_DISK, FILE_TYPE_PIPE, FILE_TYPE_REMOTE, FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+    };
+
+    use windows_sys::Win32::{
+        Foundation::INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE,
+        System::Console::{GetStdHandle, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE},
+    };
+
+    // Get the process's standard output handle, check if it's invalid
+    let handle = match unsafe { GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) } {
+        INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE => {
+            return Err(PlatformError::ConsoleInit("Invalid handle".to_string()));
+        }
+        handle => handle,
+    };
+
+    // Identify the file type of the handle and whether it's 'well known' (i.e. we trust it to be a reasonable output destination)
+    let (well_known, file_type) = match unsafe {
+        use windows::Win32::Foundation::HANDLE;
+        GetFileType(HANDLE(handle))
+    } {
+        FILE_TYPE_PIPE => (true, "pipe"),
+        FILE_TYPE_CHAR => (true, "char"),
+        FILE_TYPE_DISK => (true, "disk"),
+        FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN => (false, "unknown"),
+        FILE_TYPE_REMOTE => (false, "remote"),
+        unexpected => {
+            warn!("Unexpected file type: {unexpected:?}");
+            (false, "unknown")
+        }
+    };
+
+    debug!("File type: {file_type:?}, well known: {well_known}");
+
+    // If it's anything recognizable and valid, assume that a parent process has setup an output stream
+    Ok(well_known.then_some(file_type))
+}
+
+/// Try to attach to parent console
+/// Windows-only
+#[cfg(windows)]
+fn attach_to_parent_console() -> Result<(), PlatformError> {
+    use windows::{
+        core::PCSTR,
+        Win32::{
+            Foundation::{GENERIC_READ, GENERIC_WRITE},
+            Storage::FileSystem::{CreateFileA, FILE_FLAGS_AND_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, OPEN_EXISTING},
+            System::Console::{
+                AttachConsole, FreeConsole, SetStdHandle, ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS, STD_ERROR_HANDLE, STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE,
+            },
+        },
+    };
+
+    // Attach the process to the parent's console
+    unsafe { AttachConsole(ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS) }
+        .map_err(|e| PlatformError::ConsoleInit(format!("Failed to attach to parent console: {:?}", e)))?;
+
+    let handle = unsafe {
+        let pcstr = PCSTR::from_raw(c"CONOUT$".as_ptr() as *const u8);
+        CreateFileA::<PCSTR>(
+            pcstr,
+            (GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE).0,
+            FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+            None,
+            OPEN_EXISTING,
+            FILE_FLAGS_AND_ATTRIBUTES(0),
+            None,
+        )
+    }
+    .map_err(|e| PlatformError::ConsoleInit(format!("Failed to create console handle: {:?}", e)))?;
+
+    // Set the console's output and then error handles
+    if let Some(handle_error) = unsafe { SetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, handle) }
+        .map_err(|e| PlatformError::ConsoleInit(format!("Failed to set console output handle: {:?}", e)))
+        .and_then(|_| {
+            unsafe { SetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE, handle) }
+                .map_err(|e| PlatformError::ConsoleInit(format!("Failed to set console error handle: {:?}", e)))
+        })
+        .err()
+    {
+        // If either set handle call fails, free the console
+        unsafe { FreeConsole() }
+            // Free the console if the SetStdHandle calls fail
+            .map_err(|free_error| {
+                PlatformError::ConsoleInit(format!(
+                    "Failed to free console after SetStdHandle failed: {free_error:?} ({handle_error:?})"
+                ))
+            })
+            // And then return the original error if the FreeConsole call succeeds
+            .and(Err(handle_error))?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
--- a/src/platform/emscripten.rs
+++ b/src/platform/emscripten.rs
@@ -5,58 +5,60 @@ use std::time::Duration;

 use crate::asset::Asset;
 use crate::error::{AssetError, PlatformError};
-use crate::platform::Platform;
-
-/// Emscripten platform implementation.
-pub struct EmscriptenPlatform;
-
-impl Platform for EmscriptenPlatform {
-    fn sleep(&self, duration: Duration, _focused: bool) {
-        unsafe {
-            emscripten_sleep(duration.as_millis() as u32);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_time(&self) -> f64 {
-        unsafe { emscripten_get_now() }
-    }
-
-    fn init_console(&self) -> Result<(), PlatformError> {
-        Ok(()) // No-op for Emscripten
-    }
-
-    fn get_canvas_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        Some(unsafe { get_canvas_size() })
-    }
-
-    fn get_asset_bytes(&self, asset: Asset) -> Result<Cow<'static, [u8]>, AssetError> {
-        use sdl2::rwops::RWops;
-        use std::io::Read;
-
-        let path = format!("assets/game/{}", asset.path());
-        let mut rwops = RWops::from_file(&path, "rb").map_err(|_| AssetError::NotFound(asset.path().to_string()))?;
-
-        let len = rwops.len().ok_or_else(|| AssetError::NotFound(asset.path().to_string()))?;
-
-        let mut buf = vec![0u8; len];
-        rwops
-            .read_exact(&mut buf)
-            .map_err(|e| AssetError::Io(std::io::Error::other(e)))?;
-
-        Ok(Cow::Owned(buf))
-    }
-}
+use rand::{rngs::SmallRng, SeedableRng};

 // Emscripten FFI functions
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 extern "C" {
    fn emscripten_get_now() -> f64;
    fn emscripten_sleep(ms: u32);
    fn emscripten_get_element_css_size(target: *const u8, width: *mut f64, height: *mut f64) -> i32;
 }

-unsafe fn get_canvas_size() -> (u32, u32) {
+pub fn sleep(duration: Duration, _focused: bool) {
+    unsafe {
+        emscripten_sleep(duration.as_millis() as u32);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn init_console() -> Result<(), PlatformError> {
+    Ok(()) // No-op for Emscripten
+}
+
+pub fn requires_console() -> bool {
+    false
+}
+
+pub fn get_canvas_size() -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
    let mut width = 0.0;
    let mut height = 0.0;
-    emscripten_get_element_css_size(c"canvas".as_ptr().cast(), &mut width, &mut height);
-    (width as u32, height as u32)
+
+    unsafe {
+        emscripten_get_element_css_size(c"canvas".as_ptr().cast(), &mut width, &mut height);
+        if width == 0.0 || height == 0.0 {
+            return None;
+        }
+    }
+    Some((width as u32, height as u32))
+}
+
+pub fn get_asset_bytes(asset: Asset) -> Result<Cow<'static, [u8]>, AssetError> {
+    use sdl2::rwops::RWops;
+    use std::io::Read;
+
+    let path = format!("assets/game/{}", asset.path());
+    let mut rwops = RWops::from_file(&path, "rb").map_err(|_| AssetError::NotFound(asset.path().to_string()))?;
+
+    let len = rwops.len().ok_or_else(|| AssetError::NotFound(asset.path().to_string()))?;
+
+    let mut buf = vec![0u8; len];
+    rwops
+        .read_exact(&mut buf)
+        .map_err(|e| AssetError::Io(std::io::Error::other(e)))?;
+
+    Ok(Cow::Owned(buf))
+}
+
+pub fn rng() -> SmallRng {
+    SmallRng::from_os_rng()
 }
--- a/src/platform/mod.rs
+++ b/src/platform/mod.rs
@@ -1,48 +1,13 @@
 //! Platform abstraction layer for cross-platform functionality.
+pub mod buffered_writer;
+pub mod tracing_buffer;

-use crate::asset::Asset;
-use crate::error::{AssetError, PlatformError};
-use std::borrow::Cow;
-use std::time::Duration;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+mod desktop;
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
+pub use desktop::*;

-pub mod desktop;
-pub mod emscripten;
-
-/// Platform abstraction trait that defines cross-platform functionality.
-pub trait Platform {
-    /// Sleep for the specified duration using platform-appropriate method.
-    fn sleep(&self, duration: Duration, focused: bool);
-
-    /// Get the current time in seconds since some reference point.
-    /// This is available for future use in timing and performance monitoring.
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    fn get_time(&self) -> f64;
-
-    /// Initialize platform-specific console functionality.
-    fn init_console(&self) -> Result<(), PlatformError>;
-
-    /// Get canvas size for platforms that need it (e.g., Emscripten).
-    /// This is available for future use in responsive design.
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    fn get_canvas_size(&self) -> Option<(u32, u32)>;
-
-    /// Load asset bytes using platform-appropriate method.
-    fn get_asset_bytes(&self, asset: Asset) -> Result<Cow<'static, [u8]>, AssetError>;
-}
-
-/// Get the current platform implementation.
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-pub fn get_platform() -> &'static dyn Platform {
-    static DESKTOP: desktop::DesktopPlatform = desktop::DesktopPlatform;
-    static EMSCRIPTEN: emscripten::EmscriptenPlatform = emscripten::EmscriptenPlatform;
-
-    #[cfg(not(target_os = "emscripten"))]
-    {
-        &DESKTOP
-    }
-
-    #[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
-    {
-        &EMSCRIPTEN
-    }
-}
+#[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+pub use emscripten::*;
+#[cfg(target_os = "emscripten")]
+mod emscripten;
--- a/src/platform/tracing_buffer.rs
+++ b/src/platform/tracing_buffer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+//! Buffered tracing setup for handling logs before console attachment.
+
+use crate::platform::buffered_writer::BufferedWriter;
+use std::io;
+use tracing::{debug, Level};
+use tracing_error::ErrorLayer;
+use tracing_subscriber::fmt::MakeWriter;
+use tracing_subscriber::layer::SubscriberExt;
+
+/// A writer that can switch between buffering and direct output.
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+pub struct SwitchableWriter {
+    buffered_writer: BufferedWriter,
+    direct_mode: std::sync::Arc<parking_lot::Mutex<bool>>,
+}
+
+impl SwitchableWriter {
+    pub fn switch_to_direct_mode(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let buffer_size = {
+            // Acquire the lock
+            let mut mode = self.direct_mode.lock();
+
+            // Get buffer size before flushing for debug logging
+            let buffer_size = self.buffered_writer.buffer_size();
+
+            // Flush any buffered content
+            self.buffered_writer.flush_to(io::stdout())?;
+
+            // Switch to direct mode (and drop the lock)
+            *mode = true;
+
+            buffer_size
+        };
+
+        // Log how much was buffered (this will now go directly to stdout)
+        debug!("Flushed {buffer_size:?} bytes of buffered logs to console");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl io::Write for SwitchableWriter {
+    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        if *self.direct_mode.lock() {
+            io::stdout().write(buf)
+        } else {
+            self.buffered_writer.clone().write(buf)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        if *self.direct_mode.lock() {
+            io::stdout().flush()
+        } else {
+            // For buffered mode, flush is a no-op
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A make writer that uses the switchable writer.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct SwitchableMakeWriter {
+    writer: SwitchableWriter,
+}
+
+impl SwitchableMakeWriter {
+    pub fn new(writer: SwitchableWriter) -> Self {
+        Self { writer }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> MakeWriter<'a> for SwitchableMakeWriter {
+    type Writer = SwitchableWriter;
+
+    fn make_writer(&'a self) -> Self::Writer {
+        self.writer.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Sets up a switchable tracing subscriber that can transition from buffered to direct output.
+///
+/// Returns the switchable writer that can be used to control the behavior.
+pub fn setup_switchable_subscriber() -> SwitchableWriter {
+    let switchable_writer = SwitchableWriter::default();
+    let make_writer = SwitchableMakeWriter::new(switchable_writer.clone());
+
+    let _subscriber = tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+        .with_ansi(cfg!(not(target_os = "emscripten")))
+        .with_max_level(Level::DEBUG)
+        .with_writer(make_writer)
+        .finish()
+        .with(ErrorLayer::default());
+
+    tracing::subscriber::set_global_default(_subscriber).expect("Could not set global default switchable subscriber");
+
+    switchable_writer
+}
--- a/src/systems/audio.rs
+++ b/src/systems/audio.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+//! Audio system for handling sound playback in the Pac-Man game.
+//!
+//! This module provides an ECS-based audio system that integrates with SDL2_mixer
+//! for playing sound effects. The system uses NonSendMut resources to handle SDL2's
+//! main-thread requirements while maintaining Bevy ECS compatibility.
+
+use bevy_ecs::{
+    event::{Event, EventReader, EventWriter},
+    resource::Resource,
+    system::{NonSendMut, ResMut},
+};
+
+use crate::{audio::Audio, error::GameError};
+
+/// Resource for tracking audio state
+#[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct AudioState {
+    /// Whether audio is currently muted
+    pub muted: bool,
+    /// Current sound index for cycling through eat sounds
+    pub sound_index: usize,
+}
+
+/// Events for triggering audio playback
+#[derive(Event, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum AudioEvent {
+    /// Play the "eat" sound when Pac-Man consumes a pellet
+    PlayEat,
+}
+
+/// Non-send resource wrapper for SDL2 audio system
+///
+/// This wrapper is needed because SDL2 audio components are not Send,
+/// but Bevy ECS requires Send for regular resources. Using NonSendMut
+/// allows us to use SDL2 audio on the main thread while integrating
+/// with the ECS system.
+pub struct AudioResource(pub Audio);
+
+/// System that processes audio events and plays sounds
+pub fn audio_system(
+    mut audio: NonSendMut<AudioResource>,
+    mut audio_state: ResMut<AudioState>,
+    mut audio_events: EventReader<AudioEvent>,
+    _errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
+) {
+    // Set mute state if it has changed
+    if audio.0.is_muted() != audio_state.muted {
+        audio.0.set_mute(audio_state.muted);
+    }
+
+    // Process audio events
+    for event in audio_events.read() {
+        match event {
+            AudioEvent::PlayEat => {
+                if !audio.0.is_disabled() && !audio_state.muted {
+                    audio.0.eat();
+                    // Update the sound index for cycling through sounds
+                    audio_state.sound_index = (audio_state.sound_index + 1) % 4;
+                    // 4 eat sounds available
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/systems/blinking.rs
+++ b/src/systems/blinking.rs
@@ -1,27 +1,63 @@
 use bevy_ecs::{
    component::Component,
-    system::{Query, Res},
+    entity::Entity,
+    query::{Has, With},
+    system::{Commands, Query, Res},
 };

-use crate::systems::components::{DeltaTime, Renderable};
+use crate::systems::{
+    components::{DeltaTime, Renderable},
+    Frozen, Hidden,
+};

-#[derive(Component)]
+#[derive(Component, Debug)]
 pub struct Blinking {
    pub timer: f32,
    pub interval: f32,
 }

+impl Blinking {
+    pub fn new(interval: f32) -> Self {
+        Self { timer: 0.0, interval }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Updates blinking entities by toggling their visibility at regular intervals.
 ///
 /// This system manages entities that have both `Blinking` and `Renderable` components,
 /// accumulating time and toggling visibility when the specified interval is reached.
-pub fn blinking_system(time: Res<DeltaTime>, mut query: Query<(&mut Blinking, &mut Renderable)>) {
-    for (mut blinking, mut renderable) in query.iter_mut() {
+#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
+pub fn blinking_system(
+    mut commands: Commands,
+    time: Res<DeltaTime>,
+    mut query: Query<(Entity, &mut Blinking, Has<Hidden>, Has<Frozen>), With<Renderable>>,
+) {
+    for (entity, mut blinking, hidden, frozen) in query.iter_mut() {
+        // If the entity is frozen, blinking is disabled and the entity is unhidden (if it was hidden)
+        if frozen {
+            if hidden {
+                commands.entity(entity).remove::<Hidden>();
+            }
+
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Increase the timer by the delta time
        blinking.timer += time.0;

-        if blinking.timer >= blinking.interval {
-            blinking.timer = 0.0;
-            renderable.visible = !renderable.visible;
+        // If the timer is less than the interval, there's nothing to do yet
+        if blinking.timer < blinking.interval {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Subtract the interval (allows for the timer to retain partial interval progress)
+        blinking.timer -= blinking.interval;
+
+        // Toggle the Hidden component
+        if hidden {
+            commands.entity(entity).remove::<Hidden>();
+        } else {
+            commands.entity(entity).insert(Hidden);
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/systems/collision.rs
+++ b/src/systems/collision.rs
@@ -1,45 +1,149 @@
+use bevy_ecs::component::Component;
 use bevy_ecs::entity::Entity;
-use bevy_ecs::event::EventWriter;
+use bevy_ecs::event::{EventReader, EventWriter};
 use bevy_ecs::query::With;
-use bevy_ecs::system::{Query, Res};
+use bevy_ecs::system::{Query, Res, ResMut};

 use crate::error::GameError;
 use crate::events::GameEvent;
 use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::components::{Collider, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider};
 use crate::systems::movement::Position;
+use crate::systems::{AudioEvent, Ghost, GhostState, PlayerControlled, ScoreResource};

+#[derive(Component)]
+pub struct Collider {
+    pub size: f32,
+}
+
+impl Collider {
+    /// Checks if this collider collides with another collider at the given distance.
+    pub fn collides_with(&self, other_size: f32, distance: f32) -> bool {
+        let collision_distance = (self.size + other_size) / 2.0;
+        distance < collision_distance
+    }
+}
+
+/// Marker components for collision filtering optimization
+#[derive(Component)]
+pub struct PacmanCollider;
+
+#[derive(Component)]
+pub struct GhostCollider;
+
+#[derive(Component)]
+pub struct ItemCollider;
+
+/// Helper function to check collision between two entities with colliders.
+pub fn check_collision(
+    pos1: &Position,
+    collider1: &Collider,
+    pos2: &Position,
+    collider2: &Collider,
+    map: &Map,
+) -> Result<bool, GameError> {
+    let pixel1 = pos1
+        .get_pixel_position(&map.graph)
+        .map_err(|e| GameError::InvalidState(format!("Failed to get pixel position for entity 1: {}", e)))?;
+    let pixel2 = pos2
+        .get_pixel_position(&map.graph)
+        .map_err(|e| GameError::InvalidState(format!("Failed to get pixel position for entity 2: {}", e)))?;
+
+    let distance = pixel1.distance(pixel2);
+    Ok(collider1.collides_with(collider2.size, distance))
+}
+
+/// Detects overlapping entities and generates collision events for gameplay systems.
+///
+/// Performs distance-based collision detection between Pac-Man and collectible items
+/// using each entity's position and collision radius. When entities overlap, emits
+/// a `GameEvent::Collision` for the item system to handle scoring and removal.
+/// Collision detection accounts for both entities being in motion and supports
+/// circular collision boundaries for accurate gameplay feel.
+///
+/// Also detects collisions between Pac-Man and ghosts for gameplay mechanics like
+/// power pellet effects, ghost eating, and player death.
 pub fn collision_system(
    map: Res<Map>,
    pacman_query: Query<(Entity, &Position, &Collider), With<PacmanCollider>>,
    item_query: Query<(Entity, &Position, &Collider), With<ItemCollider>>,
+    ghost_query: Query<(Entity, &Position, &Collider), With<GhostCollider>>,
    mut events: EventWriter<GameEvent>,
    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
 ) {
    // Check PACMAN × ITEM collisions
    for (pacman_entity, pacman_pos, pacman_collider) in pacman_query.iter() {
        for (item_entity, item_pos, item_collider) in item_query.iter() {
-            match (pacman_pos.get_pixel_pos(&map.graph), item_pos.get_pixel_pos(&map.graph)) {
-                (Ok(pacman_pixel), Ok(item_pixel)) => {
-                    // Calculate the distance between the two entities's precise pixel positions
-                    let distance = pacman_pixel.distance(item_pixel);
-                    // Calculate the distance at which the two entities will collide
-                    let collision_distance = (pacman_collider.size + item_collider.size) / 2.0;
-
-                    // If the distance between the two entities is less than the collision distance, then the two entities are colliding
-                    if distance < collision_distance {
+            match check_collision(pacman_pos, pacman_collider, item_pos, item_collider, &map) {
+                Ok(colliding) => {
+                    if colliding {
                        events.write(GameEvent::Collision(pacman_entity, item_entity));
                    }
                }
-                // Either or both of the pixel positions failed to get, so we need to report the error
-                (result_a, result_b) => {
-                    for result in [result_a, result_b] {
-                        if let Err(e) = result {
-                            errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
-                                "Collision system failed to get pixel positions for entities {:?} and {:?}: {}",
-                                pacman_entity, item_entity, e
-                            )));
-                        }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
+                        "Collision system failed to check collision between entities {:?} and {:?}: {}",
+                        pacman_entity, item_entity, e
+                    )));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Check PACMAN × GHOST collisions
+        for (ghost_entity, ghost_pos, ghost_collider) in ghost_query.iter() {
+            match check_collision(pacman_pos, pacman_collider, ghost_pos, ghost_collider, &map) {
+                Ok(colliding) => {
+                    if colliding {
+                        events.write(GameEvent::Collision(pacman_entity, ghost_entity));
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
+                        "Collision system failed to check collision between entities {:?} and {:?}: {}",
+                        pacman_entity, ghost_entity, e
+                    )));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn ghost_collision_system(
+    mut collision_events: EventReader<GameEvent>,
+    mut score: ResMut<ScoreResource>,
+    pacman_query: Query<(), With<PlayerControlled>>,
+    ghost_query: Query<(Entity, &Ghost), With<GhostCollider>>,
+    mut ghost_state_query: Query<&mut GhostState>,
+    mut events: EventWriter<AudioEvent>,
+) {
+    for event in collision_events.read() {
+        if let GameEvent::Collision(entity1, entity2) = event {
+            // Check if one is Pacman and the other is a ghost
+            let (_pacman_entity, ghost_entity) = if pacman_query.get(*entity1).is_ok() && ghost_query.get(*entity2).is_ok() {
+                (*entity1, *entity2)
+            } else if pacman_query.get(*entity2).is_ok() && ghost_query.get(*entity1).is_ok() {
+                (*entity2, *entity1)
+            } else {
+                continue;
+            };
+
+            // Check if the ghost is frightened
+            if let Ok((ghost_ent, _ghost_type)) = ghost_query.get(ghost_entity) {
+                if let Ok(mut ghost_state) = ghost_state_query.get_mut(ghost_ent) {
+                    // Check if ghost is in frightened state
+                    if matches!(*ghost_state, GhostState::Frightened { .. }) {
+                        // Pac-Man eats the ghost
+                        // Add score (200 points per ghost eaten)
+                        score.0 += 200;
+
+                        // Set ghost state to Eyes
+                        *ghost_state = GhostState::Eyes;
+
+                        // Play eat sound
+                        events.write(AudioEvent::PlayEat);
+                    } else {
+                        // Pac-Man dies (this would need a death system)
+                        // For now, just log it
+                        tracing::warn!("Pac-Man collided with ghost while not frightened!");
                    }
                }
            }
--- a/src/systems/components.rs
+++ b/src/systems/components.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,65 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
 use bevy_ecs::{bundle::Bundle, component::Component, resource::Resource};
 use bitflags::bitflags;

 use crate::{
-    entity::graph::TraversalFlags,
-    systems::movement::{Movable, MovementState, Position},
-    texture::{animated::AnimatedTexture, sprite::AtlasTile},
+    map::graph::TraversalFlags,
+    systems::{
+        movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity},
+        Collider, GhostCollider, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider,
+    },
+    texture::{
+        animated::{DirectionalTiles, TileSequence},
+        sprite::AtlasTile,
+    },
 };

 /// A tag component for entities that are controlled by the player.
 #[derive(Default, Component)]
 pub struct PlayerControlled;

+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub enum Ghost {
+    Blinky,
+    Pinky,
+    Inky,
+    Clyde,
+}
+
+impl Ghost {
+    /// Returns the ghost type name for atlas lookups.
+    pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Ghost::Blinky => "blinky",
+            Ghost::Pinky => "pinky",
+            Ghost::Inky => "inky",
+            Ghost::Clyde => "clyde",
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the base movement speed for this ghost type.
+    pub fn base_speed(self) -> f32 {
+        match self {
+            Ghost::Blinky => 1.0,
+            Ghost::Pinky => 0.95,
+            Ghost::Inky => 0.9,
+            Ghost::Clyde => 0.85,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the ghost's color for debug rendering.
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub fn debug_color(&self) -> sdl2::pixels::Color {
+        match self {
+            Ghost::Blinky => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(255, 0, 0),    // Red
+            Ghost::Pinky => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(255, 182, 255), // Pink
+            Ghost::Inky => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(0, 255, 255),    // Cyan
+            Ghost::Clyde => sdl2::pixels::Color::RGB(255, 182, 85),  // Orange
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// A tag component denoting the type of entity.
 #[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum EntityType {
@@ -29,6 +78,17 @@ impl EntityType {
            _ => TraversalFlags::empty(), // Static entities don't traverse
        }
    }
+    pub fn score_value(&self) -> Option<u32> {
+        match self {
+            EntityType::Pellet => Some(10),
+            EntityType::PowerPellet => Some(50),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_collectible(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, EntityType::Pellet | EntityType::PowerPellet)
+    }
 }

 /// A component for entities that have a sprite, with a layer for ordering.
@@ -38,14 +98,50 @@ impl EntityType {
 pub struct Renderable {
    pub sprite: AtlasTile,
    pub layer: u8,
-    pub visible: bool,
 }

-/// A component for entities that have a directional animated texture.
-#[derive(Component)]
-pub struct DirectionalAnimated {
-    pub textures: [Option<AnimatedTexture>; 4],
-    pub stopped_textures: [Option<AnimatedTexture>; 4],
+/// Directional animation component with shared timing across all directions
+#[derive(Component, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct DirectionalAnimation {
+    pub moving_tiles: DirectionalTiles,
+    pub stopped_tiles: DirectionalTiles,
+    pub current_frame: usize,
+    pub time_bank: u16,
+    pub frame_duration: u16,
+}
+
+impl DirectionalAnimation {
+    /// Creates a new directional animation with the given tiles and frame duration
+    pub fn new(moving_tiles: DirectionalTiles, stopped_tiles: DirectionalTiles, frame_duration: u16) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            moving_tiles,
+            stopped_tiles,
+            current_frame: 0,
+            time_bank: 0,
+            frame_duration,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Linear animation component for non-directional animations (frightened ghosts)
+#[derive(Component, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct LinearAnimation {
+    pub tiles: TileSequence,
+    pub current_frame: usize,
+    pub time_bank: u16,
+    pub frame_duration: u16,
+}
+
+impl LinearAnimation {
+    /// Creates a new linear animation with the given tiles and frame duration
+    pub fn new(tiles: TileSequence, frame_duration: u16) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            tiles,
+            current_frame: 0,
+            time_bank: 0,
+            frame_duration,
+        }
+    }
 }

 bitflags! {
@@ -57,48 +153,6 @@ bitflags! {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Component)]
-pub struct Collider {
-    pub size: f32,
-    pub layer: CollisionLayer,
-}
-
-/// Marker components for collision filtering optimization
-#[derive(Component)]
-pub struct PacmanCollider;
-
-#[derive(Component)]
-pub struct GhostCollider;
-
-#[derive(Component)]
-pub struct ItemCollider;
-
-#[derive(Component)]
-pub struct Score(pub u32);
-
-#[derive(Bundle)]
-pub struct PlayerBundle {
-    pub player: PlayerControlled,
-    pub position: Position,
-    pub movement_state: MovementState,
-    pub movable: Movable,
-    pub sprite: Renderable,
-    pub directional_animated: DirectionalAnimated,
-    pub entity_type: EntityType,
-    pub collider: Collider,
-    pub pacman_collider: PacmanCollider,
-}
-
-#[derive(Bundle)]
-pub struct ItemBundle {
-    pub position: Position,
-    pub sprite: Renderable,
-    pub entity_type: EntityType,
-    pub score: Score,
-    pub collider: Collider,
-    pub item_collider: ItemCollider,
-}
-
 #[derive(Resource)]
 pub struct GlobalState {
    pub exit: bool,
@@ -110,5 +164,201 @@ pub struct ScoreResource(pub u32);
 #[derive(Resource)]
 pub struct DeltaTime(pub f32);

-#[derive(Resource, Default)]
-pub struct RenderDirty(pub bool);
+/// Movement modifiers that can affect Pac-Man's speed or handling.
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct MovementModifiers {
+    /// Multiplier applied to base speed (e.g., tunnels)
+    pub speed_multiplier: f32,
+    /// True when currently in a tunnel slowdown region
+    pub tunnel_slowdown_active: bool,
+}
+
+impl Default for MovementModifiers {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            speed_multiplier: 1.0,
+            tunnel_slowdown_active: false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Tag component for entities that should be frozen during startup
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Frozen;
+
+/// Tag component for eaten ghosts
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Eaten;
+
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum GhostState {
+    /// Normal ghost behavior - chasing Pac-Man
+    Normal,
+    /// Frightened state after power pellet - ghost can be eaten
+    Frightened {
+        remaining_ticks: u32,
+        flash: bool,
+        remaining_flash_ticks: u32,
+    },
+    /// Eyes state - ghost has been eaten and is returning to ghost house
+    Eyes,
+}
+
+/// Component to track the last animation state for efficient change detection
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
+pub struct LastAnimationState(pub GhostAnimation);
+
+impl GhostState {
+    /// Creates a new frightened state with the specified duration
+    pub fn new_frightened(total_ticks: u32, flash_start_ticks: u32) -> Self {
+        Self::Frightened {
+            remaining_ticks: total_ticks,
+            flash: false,
+            remaining_flash_ticks: flash_start_ticks, // Time until flashing starts
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ticks the ghost state, returning true if the state changed.
+    pub fn tick(&mut self) -> bool {
+        if let GhostState::Frightened {
+            remaining_ticks,
+            flash,
+            remaining_flash_ticks,
+        } = self
+        {
+            // Transition out of frightened state
+            if *remaining_ticks == 0 {
+                *self = GhostState::Normal;
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            *remaining_ticks -= 1;
+
+            if *remaining_flash_ticks > 0 {
+                *remaining_flash_ticks = remaining_flash_ticks.saturating_sub(1);
+                if *remaining_flash_ticks == 0 {
+                    *flash = true;
+                    true
+                } else {
+                    false
+                }
+            } else {
+                false
+            }
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the appropriate animation state for this ghost state
+    pub fn animation_state(&self) -> GhostAnimation {
+        match self {
+            GhostState::Normal => GhostAnimation::Normal,
+            GhostState::Eyes => GhostAnimation::Eyes,
+            GhostState::Frightened { flash: false, .. } => GhostAnimation::Frightened { flash: false },
+            GhostState::Frightened { flash: true, .. } => GhostAnimation::Frightened { flash: true },
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Enumeration of different ghost animation states.
+/// Note that this is used in micromap which has a fixed size based on the number of variants,
+/// so extending this should be done with caution, and will require updating the micromap's capacity.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub enum GhostAnimation {
+    /// Normal ghost appearance with directional movement animations
+    Normal,
+    /// Blue ghost appearance when vulnerable (power pellet active)
+    Frightened { flash: bool },
+    /// Eyes-only animation when ghost has been consumed by Pac-Man (Eaten state)
+    Eyes,
+}
+
+/// Global resource containing pre-loaded animation sets for all ghost types.
+///
+/// This resource is initialized once during game startup and provides O(1) access
+/// to animation sets for each ghost type. The animation system uses this resource
+/// to efficiently switch between different ghost states without runtime asset loading.
+///
+/// The HashMap is keyed by `Ghost` enum variants (Blinky, Pinky, Inky, Clyde) and
+/// contains the normal directional animation for each ghost type.
+#[derive(Resource)]
+pub struct GhostAnimations {
+    pub normal: HashMap<Ghost, DirectionalAnimation>,
+    pub eyes: DirectionalAnimation,
+    pub frightened: LinearAnimation,
+    pub frightened_flashing: LinearAnimation,
+}
+
+impl GhostAnimations {
+    /// Creates a new GhostAnimations resource with the provided data.
+    pub fn new(
+        normal: HashMap<Ghost, DirectionalAnimation>,
+        eyes: DirectionalAnimation,
+        frightened: LinearAnimation,
+        frightened_flashing: LinearAnimation,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            normal,
+            eyes,
+            frightened,
+            frightened_flashing,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the normal directional animation for the specified ghost type.
+    pub fn get_normal(&self, ghost_type: &Ghost) -> Option<&DirectionalAnimation> {
+        self.normal.get(ghost_type)
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the eyes animation (shared across all ghosts).
+    pub fn eyes(&self) -> &DirectionalAnimation {
+        &self.eyes
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the frightened animations (shared across all ghosts).
+    pub fn frightened(&self, flash: bool) -> &LinearAnimation {
+        if flash {
+            &self.frightened_flashing
+        } else {
+            &self.frightened
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Bundle)]
+pub struct PlayerBundle {
+    pub player: PlayerControlled,
+    pub position: Position,
+    pub velocity: Velocity,
+    pub buffered_direction: BufferedDirection,
+    pub sprite: Renderable,
+    pub directional_animation: DirectionalAnimation,
+    pub entity_type: EntityType,
+    pub collider: Collider,
+    pub movement_modifiers: MovementModifiers,
+    pub pacman_collider: PacmanCollider,
+}
+
+#[derive(Bundle)]
+pub struct ItemBundle {
+    pub position: Position,
+    pub sprite: Renderable,
+    pub entity_type: EntityType,
+    pub collider: Collider,
+    pub item_collider: ItemCollider,
+}
+
+#[derive(Bundle)]
+pub struct GhostBundle {
+    pub ghost: Ghost,
+    pub position: Position,
+    pub velocity: Velocity,
+    pub sprite: Renderable,
+    pub directional_animation: DirectionalAnimation,
+    pub entity_type: EntityType,
+    pub collider: Collider,
+    pub ghost_collider: GhostCollider,
+    pub ghost_state: GhostState,
+    pub last_animation_state: LastAnimationState,
+}
--- a/src/systems/control.rs
+++ b/src/systems/control.rs
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-use bevy_ecs::{
-    event::{EventReader, EventWriter},
-    prelude::ResMut,
-    query::With,
-    system::Query,
-};
-
-use crate::{
-    error::GameError,
-    events::{GameCommand, GameEvent},
-    systems::components::{GlobalState, PlayerControlled},
-    systems::debug::DebugState,
-    systems::movement::Movable,
-};
-
-// Handles player input and control
-pub fn player_system(
-    mut events: EventReader<GameEvent>,
-    mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>,
-    mut debug_state: ResMut<DebugState>,
-    mut players: Query<&mut Movable, With<PlayerControlled>>,
-    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
-) {
-    // Get the player's movable component (ensuring there is only one player)
-    let mut movable = match players.single_mut() {
-        Ok(movable) => movable,
-        Err(e) => {
-            errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!("No/multiple entities queried for player system: {}", e)).into());
-            return;
-        }
-    };
-
-    // Handle events
-    for event in events.read() {
-        if let GameEvent::Command(command) = event {
-            match command {
-                GameCommand::MovePlayer(direction) => {
-                    movable.requested_direction = Some(*direction);
-                }
-                GameCommand::Exit => {
-                    state.exit = true;
-                }
-                GameCommand::ToggleDebug => {
-                    *debug_state = debug_state.next();
-                }
-                _ => {}
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/src/systems/debug.rs
+++ b/src/systems/debug.rs
@@ -1,102 +1,63 @@
 //! Debug rendering system
+use std::cmp::Ordering;
+
 use crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET;
 use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::components::Collider;
-use crate::systems::movement::Position;
-use crate::systems::profiling::SystemTimings;
-use crate::systems::render::BackbufferResource;
-use bevy_ecs::prelude::*;
+use crate::systems::{Collider, CursorPosition, NodeId, Position, SystemTimings};
+use crate::texture::ttf::{TtfAtlas, TtfRenderer};
+use bevy_ecs::resource::Resource;
+use bevy_ecs::system::{NonSendMut, Query, Res};
+use glam::{IVec2, UVec2, Vec2};
 use sdl2::pixels::Color;
-use sdl2::rect::Rect;
-use sdl2::render::{Canvas, Texture, TextureCreator};
-use sdl2::video::{Window, WindowContext};
+use sdl2::rect::{Point, Rect};
+use sdl2::render::{Canvas, Texture};
+use sdl2::video::Window;
+use smallvec::SmallVec;
+use tracing::warn;

-#[derive(Resource, Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub enum DebugState {
-    #[default]
-    Off,
-    Graph,
-    Collision,
+#[derive(Resource, Default, Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct DebugState {
+    pub enabled: bool,
 }

-impl DebugState {
-    pub fn next(&self) -> Self {
-        match self {
-            DebugState::Off => DebugState::Graph,
-            DebugState::Graph => DebugState::Collision,
-            DebugState::Collision => DebugState::Off,
-        }
-    }
+fn f32_to_u8(value: f32) -> u8 {
+    (value * 255.0) as u8
 }

 /// Resource to hold the debug texture for persistent rendering
-pub struct DebugTextureResource(pub Texture<'static>);
+pub struct DebugTextureResource(pub Texture);

-/// Transforms a position from logical canvas coordinates to output canvas coordinates
-fn transform_position(pos: (f32, f32), output_size: (u32, u32), logical_size: (u32, u32)) -> (i32, i32) {
-    let scale_x = output_size.0 as f32 / logical_size.0 as f32;
-    let scale_y = output_size.1 as f32 / logical_size.1 as f32;
-    let scale = scale_x.min(scale_y); // Use the smaller scale to maintain aspect ratio
-
-    let x = (pos.0 * scale) as i32;
-    let y = (pos.1 * scale) as i32;
-    (x, y)
-}
+/// Resource to hold the TTF text atlas
+pub struct TtfAtlasResource(pub TtfAtlas);

 /// Transforms a position from logical canvas coordinates to output canvas coordinates (with board offset)
-fn transform_position_with_offset(pos: (f32, f32), output_size: (u32, u32), logical_size: (u32, u32)) -> (i32, i32) {
-    let scale_x = output_size.0 as f32 / logical_size.0 as f32;
-    let scale_y = output_size.1 as f32 / logical_size.1 as f32;
-    let scale = scale_x.min(scale_y); // Use the smaller scale to maintain aspect ratio
-
-    let x = ((pos.0 + BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.x as f32) * scale) as i32;
-    let y = ((pos.1 + BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.y as f32) * scale) as i32;
-    (x, y)
+fn transform_position_with_offset(pos: Vec2, scale: f32) -> IVec2 {
+    ((pos + BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2()) * scale).as_ivec2()
 }

-/// Transforms a size from logical canvas coordinates to output canvas coordinates
-fn transform_size(size: f32, output_size: (u32, u32), logical_size: (u32, u32)) -> u32 {
-    let scale_x = output_size.0 as f32 / logical_size.0 as f32;
-    let scale_y = output_size.1 as f32 / logical_size.1 as f32;
-    let scale = scale_x.min(scale_y); // Use the smaller scale to maintain aspect ratio
-
-    (size * scale) as u32
-}
-
-/// Renders timing information in the top-left corner of the screen
+/// Renders timing information in the top-left corner of the screen using the debug text atlas
 fn render_timing_display(
    canvas: &mut Canvas<Window>,
-    texture_creator: &mut TextureCreator<WindowContext>,
    timings: &SystemTimings,
+    text_renderer: &TtfRenderer,
+    atlas: &mut TtfAtlas,
 ) {
-    // Get TTF context
-    let ttf_context = sdl2::ttf::init().unwrap();
-
-    // Load font
-    let font = ttf_context.load_font("assets/site/TerminalVector.ttf", 12).unwrap();
-
    // Format timing information using the formatting module
-    let timing_text = timings.format_timing_display();
-
-    // Split text by newlines and render each line separately
-    let lines: Vec<&str> = timing_text.lines().collect();
-    if lines.is_empty() {
-        return;
-    }
-    let line_height = 14; // Approximate line height for 12pt font
+    let lines = timings.format_timing_display();
+    let line_height = text_renderer.text_height(atlas) as i32 + 2; // Add 2px line spacing
    let padding = 10;

    // Calculate background dimensions
    let max_width = lines
        .iter()
-        .filter(|&&l| !l.is_empty()) // Don't consider empty lines for width
-        .map(|line| font.size_of(line).unwrap().0)
+        .filter(|l| !l.is_empty()) // Don't consider empty lines for width
+        .map(|line| text_renderer.text_width(atlas, line))
        .max()
        .unwrap_or(0);

    // Only draw background if there is text to display
-    if max_width > 0 {
-        let total_height = (lines.len() as u32) * line_height as u32;
+    let total_height = (lines.len() as u32) * line_height as u32;
+    if max_width > 0 && total_height > 0 {
        let bg_padding = 5;

        // Draw background
@@ -116,102 +77,161 @@ fn render_timing_display(
            continue;
        }

-        // Render each line
-        let surface = font.render(line).blended(Color::RGBA(255, 255, 255, 200)).unwrap();
-        let texture = texture_creator.create_texture_from_surface(&surface).unwrap();
-
        // Position each line below the previous one
-        let y_pos = padding + (i * line_height) as i32;
-        let dest = Rect::new(padding, y_pos, texture.query().width, texture.query().height);
-        canvas.copy(&texture, None, dest).unwrap();
+        let y_pos = padding + (i as i32 * line_height);
+        let position = Vec2::new(padding as f32, y_pos as f32);
+
+        // Render the line using the debug text renderer
+        text_renderer
+            .render_text(canvas, atlas, line, position, Color::RGBA(255, 255, 255, 200))
+            .unwrap();
    }
 }

+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn debug_render_system(
    mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
-    backbuffer: NonSendMut<BackbufferResource>,
    mut debug_texture: NonSendMut<DebugTextureResource>,
+    mut ttf_atlas: NonSendMut<TtfAtlasResource>,
    debug_state: Res<DebugState>,
    timings: Res<SystemTimings>,
    map: Res<Map>,
    colliders: Query<(&Collider, &Position)>,
+    cursor: Res<CursorPosition>,
 ) {
-    if *debug_state == DebugState::Off {
+    if !debug_state.enabled {
        return;
    }
+    let scale =
+        (UVec2::from(canvas.output_size().unwrap()).as_vec2() / UVec2::from(canvas.logical_size()).as_vec2()).min_element();

-    // Get canvas sizes for coordinate transformation
-    let output_size = canvas.output_size().unwrap();
-    let logical_size = canvas.logical_size();
+    // Create debug text renderer
+    let text_renderer = TtfRenderer::new(1.0);

-    // Copy the current backbuffer to the debug texture
-    canvas
-        .with_texture_canvas(&mut debug_texture.0, |debug_canvas| {
-            // Clear the debug canvas
-            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::BLACK);
-            debug_canvas.clear();
-
-            // Copy the backbuffer to the debug canvas
-            debug_canvas.copy(&backbuffer.0, None, None).unwrap();
-        })
-        .unwrap();
-
-    // Get texture creator before entering the closure to avoid borrowing conflicts
-    let mut texture_creator = canvas.texture_creator();
+    let cursor_world_pos = match *cursor {
+        CursorPosition::None => None,
+        CursorPosition::Some { position, .. } => Some(position - BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.as_vec2()),
+    };

    // Draw debug info on the high-resolution debug texture
    canvas
        .with_texture_canvas(&mut debug_texture.0, |debug_canvas| {
-            match *debug_state {
-                DebugState::Graph => {
-                    debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RED);
-                    for (start_node, end_node) in map.graph.edges() {
-                        let start_node = map.graph.get_node(start_node).unwrap().position;
-                        let end_node = map.graph.get_node(end_node.target).unwrap().position;
+            // Clear the debug canvas
+            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGBA(0, 0, 0, 0));
+            debug_canvas.clear();

-                        // Transform positions using common method
-                        let (start_x, start_y) =
-                            transform_position_with_offset((start_node.x, start_node.y), output_size, logical_size);
-                        let (end_x, end_y) = transform_position_with_offset((end_node.x, end_node.y), output_size, logical_size);
+            // Find the closest node to the cursor
+            let closest_node = if let Some(cursor_world_pos) = cursor_world_pos {
+                map.graph
+                    .nodes()
+                    .map(|node| node.position.distance(cursor_world_pos))
+                    .enumerate()
+                    .min_by(|(_, a), (_, b)| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap_or(Ordering::Less))
+                    .map(|(id, _)| id)
+            } else {
+                None
+            };

-                        debug_canvas.draw_line((start_x, start_y), (end_x, end_y)).unwrap();
-                    }
-
-                    debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::BLUE);
-                    for node in map.graph.nodes() {
-                        let pos = node.position;
-
-                        // Transform position using common method
-                        let (x, y) = transform_position_with_offset((pos.x, pos.y), output_size, logical_size);
-                        let size = transform_size(4.0, output_size, logical_size);
-
-                        debug_canvas
-                            .fill_rect(Rect::new(x - (size as i32 / 2), y - (size as i32 / 2), size, size))
-                            .unwrap();
-                    }
-                }
-                DebugState::Collision => {
-                    debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::GREEN);
-                    for (collider, position) in colliders.iter() {
-                        let pos = position.get_pixel_pos(&map.graph).unwrap();
+            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::GREEN);
+            {
+                let rects = colliders
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|(collider, position)| {
+                        let pos = position.get_pixel_position(&map.graph).unwrap();

                        // Transform position and size using common methods
-                        let (x, y) = transform_position((pos.x, pos.y), output_size, logical_size);
-                        let size = transform_size(collider.size, output_size, logical_size);
+                        let pos = (pos * scale).as_ivec2();
+                        let size = (collider.size * scale) as u32;

-                        // Center the collision box on the entity
-                        let rect = Rect::new(x - (size as i32 / 2), y - (size as i32 / 2), size, size);
-                        debug_canvas.draw_rect(rect).unwrap();
-                    }
+                        Rect::from_center(Point::from((pos.x, pos.y)), size, size)
+                    })
+                    .collect::<SmallVec<[Rect; 100]>>();
+                if rects.len() > rects.capacity() {
+                    warn!(
+                        capacity = rects.capacity(),
+                        count = rects.len(),
+                        "Collider rects capacity exceeded"
+                    );
                }
-                _ => {}
+                debug_canvas.draw_rects(&rects).unwrap();
+            }
+
+            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color {
+                a: f32_to_u8(0.4),
+                ..Color::RED
+            });
+            debug_canvas.set_blend_mode(sdl2::render::BlendMode::Blend);
+            for (start_node, end_node) in map.graph.edges() {
+                let start_node_model = map.graph.get_node(start_node).unwrap();
+                let end_node = map.graph.get_node(end_node.target).unwrap().position;
+
+                // Transform positions using common method
+                let start = transform_position_with_offset(start_node_model.position, scale);
+                let end = transform_position_with_offset(end_node, scale);
+
+                debug_canvas
+                    .draw_line(Point::from((start.x, start.y)), Point::from((end.x, end.y)))
+                    .unwrap();
+            }
+
+            {
+                let rects: Vec<_> = map
+                    .graph
+                    .nodes()
+                    .enumerate()
+                    .filter_map(|(id, node)| {
+                        let pos = transform_position_with_offset(node.position, scale);
+                        let size = (2.0 * scale) as u32;
+                        let rect = Rect::new(pos.x - (size as i32 / 2), pos.y - (size as i32 / 2), size, size);
+
+                        // If the node is the one closest to the cursor, draw it immediately
+                        if closest_node == Some(id) {
+                            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::YELLOW);
+                            debug_canvas.fill_rect(rect).unwrap();
+                            return None;
+                        }
+
+                        Some(rect)
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+
+                if rects.len() > rects.capacity() {
+                    warn!(
+                        capacity = rects.capacity(),
+                        count = rects.len(),
+                        "Node rects capacity exceeded"
+                    );
+                }
+
+                // Draw the non-closest nodes all at once in blue
+                debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::BLUE);
+                debug_canvas.fill_rects(&rects).unwrap();
+            }
+
+            // Render node ID if a node is highlighted
+            if let Some(closest_node_id) = closest_node {
+                let node = map.graph.get_node(closest_node_id as NodeId).unwrap();
+                let pos = transform_position_with_offset(node.position, scale);
+
+                let node_id_text = closest_node_id.to_string();
+                let text_pos = Vec2::new((pos.x + 10) as f32, (pos.y - 5) as f32);
+
+                text_renderer
+                    .render_text(
+                        debug_canvas,
+                        &mut ttf_atlas.0,
+                        &node_id_text,
+                        text_pos,
+                        Color {
+                            a: f32_to_u8(0.4),
+                            ..Color::WHITE
+                        },
+                    )
+                    .unwrap();
            }

            // Render timing information in the top-left corner
-            render_timing_display(debug_canvas, &mut texture_creator, &timings);
+            render_timing_display(debug_canvas, &timings, &text_renderer, &mut ttf_atlas.0);
        })
        .unwrap();
-
-    // Draw the debug texture directly onto the main canvas at full resolution
-    canvas.copy(&debug_texture.0, None, None).unwrap();
 }
--- a/src/systems/formatting.rs
+++ b/src/systems/formatting.rs
@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-use num_width::NumberWidth;
-use smallvec::SmallVec;
-use std::{iter, time::Duration};
-
-// Helper to split a duration into a integer, decimal, and unit
-fn get_value(duration: &Duration) -> (u64, u32, &'static str) {
-    let (int, decimal, unit) = match duration {
-        // if greater than 1 second, return as seconds
-        n if n >= &Duration::from_secs(1) => {
-            let secs = n.as_secs();
-            let decimal = n.as_millis() as u64 % 1000;
-            (secs, decimal as u32, "s")
-        }
-        // if greater than 1 millisecond, return as milliseconds
-        n if n >= &Duration::from_millis(1) => {
-            let ms = n.as_millis() as u64;
-            let decimal = n.as_micros() as u64 % 1000;
-            (ms, decimal as u32, "ms")
-        }
-        // if greater than 1 microsecond, return as microseconds
-        n if n >= &Duration::from_micros(1) => {
-            let us = n.as_micros() as u64;
-            let decimal = n.as_nanos() as u64 % 1000;
-            (us, decimal as u32, "µs")
-        }
-        // otherwise, return as nanoseconds
-        n => {
-            let ns = n.as_nanos() as u64;
-            (ns, 0, "ns")
-        }
-    };
-
-    (int, decimal, unit)
-}
-
-/// Formats timing data into a vector of strings with proper alignment
-pub fn format_timing_display(timing_data: impl IntoIterator<Item = (String, Duration, Duration)>) -> SmallVec<[String; 12]> {
-    let mut iter = timing_data.into_iter().peekable();
-    if iter.peek().is_none() {
-        return SmallVec::new();
-    }
-
-    struct Entry {
-        name: String,
-        avg_int: u64,
-        avg_decimal: u32,
-        avg_unit: &'static str,
-        std_int: u64,
-        std_decimal: u32,
-        std_unit: &'static str,
-    }
-
-    let mut entries = iter
-        .map(|(name, avg, std_dev)| {
-            let (avg_int, avg_decimal, avg_unit) = get_value(&avg);
-            let (std_int, std_decimal, std_unit) = get_value(&std_dev);
-
-            Entry {
-                name: name.clone(),
-                avg_int,
-                avg_decimal,
-                avg_unit,
-                std_int,
-                std_decimal,
-                std_unit,
-            }
-        })
-        .collect::<SmallVec<[Entry; 12]>>();
-
-    let (max_name_width, max_avg_int_width, max_avg_decimal_width, max_std_int_width, max_std_decimal_width) = entries
-        .iter()
-        .fold((0, 0, 3, 0, 3), |(name_w, avg_int_w, avg_dec_w, std_int_w, std_dec_w), e| {
-            (
-                name_w.max(e.name.len()),
-                avg_int_w.max(e.avg_int.width() as usize),
-                avg_dec_w.max(e.avg_decimal.width() as usize),
-                std_int_w.max(e.std_int.width() as usize),
-                std_dec_w.max(e.std_decimal.width() as usize),
-            )
-        });
-
-    entries.iter().map(|e| {
-            format!(
-                "{name:max_name_width$} : {avg_int:max_avg_int_width$}.{avg_decimal:<max_avg_decimal_width$}{avg_unit} ± {std_int:max_std_int_width$}.{std_decimal:<max_std_decimal_width$}{std_unit}",
-                // Content
-                name = e.name,
-                avg_int = e.avg_int,
-                avg_decimal = e.avg_decimal,
-                std_int = e.std_int,
-                std_decimal = e.std_decimal,
-                // Units
-                avg_unit = e.avg_unit,
-                std_unit = e.std_unit,
-                // Padding
-                max_name_width = max_name_width,
-                max_avg_int_width = max_avg_int_width,
-                max_avg_decimal_width = max_avg_decimal_width,
-                max_std_int_width = max_std_int_width,
-                max_std_decimal_width = max_std_decimal_width
-            )
-        }).collect::<SmallVec<[String; 12]>>()
-}
--- a/src/systems/ghost.rs
+++ b/src/systems/ghost.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+use crate::platform;
+use crate::systems::components::{DirectionalAnimation, Frozen, GhostAnimation, GhostState, LastAnimationState, LinearAnimation};
+use crate::{
+    map::{
+        builder::Map,
+        direction::Direction,
+        graph::{Edge, TraversalFlags},
+    },
+    systems::{
+        components::{DeltaTime, Ghost},
+        movement::{Position, Velocity},
+    },
+};
+
+use crate::systems::GhostAnimations;
+use bevy_ecs::query::Without;
+use bevy_ecs::system::{Commands, Query, Res};
+use rand::seq::IndexedRandom;
+use smallvec::SmallVec;
+
+/// Autonomous ghost AI system implementing randomized movement with backtracking avoidance.
+pub fn ghost_movement_system(
+    map: Res<Map>,
+    delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
+    mut ghosts: Query<(&Ghost, &mut Velocity, &mut Position), Without<Frozen>>,
+) {
+    for (_ghost, mut velocity, mut position) in ghosts.iter_mut() {
+        let mut distance = velocity.speed * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
+        loop {
+            match *position {
+                Position::Stopped { node: current_node } => {
+                    let intersection = &map.graph.adjacency_list[current_node as usize];
+                    let opposite = velocity.direction.opposite();
+
+                    let mut non_opposite_options: SmallVec<[Edge; 3]> = SmallVec::new();
+
+                    // Collect all available directions that ghosts can traverse
+                    for edge in Direction::DIRECTIONS.iter().flat_map(|d| intersection.get(*d)) {
+                        if edge.traversal_flags.contains(TraversalFlags::GHOST) && edge.direction != opposite {
+                            non_opposite_options.push(edge);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    let new_edge: Edge = if non_opposite_options.is_empty() {
+                        if let Some(edge) = intersection.get(opposite) {
+                            edge
+                        } else {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        *non_opposite_options.choose(&mut platform::rng()).unwrap()
+                    };
+
+                    velocity.direction = new_edge.direction;
+                    *position = Position::Moving {
+                        from: current_node,
+                        to: new_edge.target,
+                        remaining_distance: new_edge.distance,
+                    };
+                }
+                Position::Moving { .. } => {
+                    if let Some(overflow) = position.tick(distance) {
+                        distance = overflow;
+                    } else {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// System that handles eaten ghost behavior and respawn logic.
+///
+/// When a ghost is eaten by Pac-Man, it enters an "eaten" state where:
+/// 1. It displays eyes-only animation
+/// 2. It moves directly back to the ghost house at increased speed
+/// 3. Once it reaches the ghost house center, it respawns as a normal ghost
+///
+/// This system runs after the main movement system to override eaten ghost movement.
+pub fn eaten_ghost_system(
+    map: Res<Map>,
+    delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
+    mut eaten_ghosts: Query<(&Ghost, &mut Position, &mut Velocity, &mut GhostState)>,
+) {
+    for (ghost_type, mut position, mut velocity, mut ghost_state) in eaten_ghosts.iter_mut() {
+        // Only process ghosts that are in Eyes state
+        if !matches!(*ghost_state, GhostState::Eyes) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Set higher speed for eaten ghosts returning to ghost house
+        let original_speed = velocity.speed;
+        velocity.speed = ghost_type.base_speed() * 2.0; // Move twice as fast when eaten
+
+        // Calculate direction towards ghost house center (using Clyde's start position)
+        let ghost_house_center = map.start_positions.clyde;
+
+        match *position {
+            Position::Stopped { node: current_node } => {
+                // Find path to ghost house center and start moving
+                if let Some(direction) = find_direction_to_target(&map, current_node, ghost_house_center) {
+                    velocity.direction = direction;
+                    *position = Position::Moving {
+                        from: current_node,
+                        to: map.graph.adjacency_list[current_node as usize].get(direction).unwrap().target,
+                        remaining_distance: map.graph.adjacency_list[current_node as usize]
+                            .get(direction)
+                            .unwrap()
+                            .distance,
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+            Position::Moving { to, .. } => {
+                let distance = velocity.speed * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
+                if let Some(_overflow) = position.tick(distance) {
+                    // Reached target node, check if we're at ghost house center
+                    if to == ghost_house_center {
+                        // Respawn the ghost - set state back to normal
+                        *ghost_state = GhostState::Normal;
+                        // Reset to stopped at ghost house center
+                        *position = Position::Stopped {
+                            node: ghost_house_center,
+                        };
+                    } else {
+                        // Continue pathfinding to ghost house
+                        if let Some(next_direction) = find_direction_to_target(&map, to, ghost_house_center) {
+                            velocity.direction = next_direction;
+                            *position = Position::Moving {
+                                from: to,
+                                to: map.graph.adjacency_list[to as usize].get(next_direction).unwrap().target,
+                                remaining_distance: map.graph.adjacency_list[to as usize].get(next_direction).unwrap().distance,
+                            };
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Restore original speed
+        velocity.speed = original_speed;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Helper function to find the direction from a node towards a target node.
+/// Uses simple greedy pathfinding - prefers straight lines when possible.
+fn find_direction_to_target(
+    map: &Map,
+    from_node: crate::systems::movement::NodeId,
+    target_node: crate::systems::movement::NodeId,
+) -> Option<Direction> {
+    let from_pos = map.graph.get_node(from_node).unwrap().position;
+    let target_pos = map.graph.get_node(target_node).unwrap().position;
+
+    let dx = target_pos.x as i32 - from_pos.x as i32;
+    let dy = target_pos.y as i32 - from_pos.y as i32;
+
+    // Prefer horizontal movement first, then vertical
+    let preferred_dirs = if dx.abs() > dy.abs() {
+        if dx > 0 {
+            [Direction::Right, Direction::Up, Direction::Down, Direction::Left]
+        } else {
+            [Direction::Left, Direction::Up, Direction::Down, Direction::Right]
+        }
+    } else if dy > 0 {
+        [Direction::Down, Direction::Left, Direction::Right, Direction::Up]
+    } else {
+        [Direction::Up, Direction::Left, Direction::Right, Direction::Down]
+    };
+
+    // Return first available direction towards target
+    for direction in preferred_dirs {
+        if let Some(edge) = map.graph.adjacency_list[from_node as usize].get(direction) {
+            if edge.traversal_flags.contains(TraversalFlags::GHOST) {
+                return Some(direction);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+/// Unified system that manages ghost state transitions and animations with component swapping
+pub fn ghost_state_system(
+    mut commands: Commands,
+    animations: Res<GhostAnimations>,
+    mut ghosts: Query<(bevy_ecs::entity::Entity, &Ghost, &mut GhostState, &mut LastAnimationState)>,
+) {
+    for (entity, ghost_type, mut ghost_state, mut last_animation_state) in ghosts.iter_mut() {
+        // Tick the ghost state to handle internal transitions (like flashing)
+        let _ = ghost_state.tick();
+
+        // Only update animation if the animation state actually changed
+        let current_animation_state = ghost_state.animation_state();
+        if last_animation_state.0 != current_animation_state {
+            match current_animation_state {
+                GhostAnimation::Frightened { flash } => {
+                    // Remove DirectionalAnimation, add LinearAnimation
+                    commands
+                        .entity(entity)
+                        .remove::<DirectionalAnimation>()
+                        .insert(*animations.frightened(flash));
+                }
+                GhostAnimation::Normal => {
+                    // Remove LinearAnimation, add DirectionalAnimation
+                    commands
+                        .entity(entity)
+                        .remove::<LinearAnimation>()
+                        .insert(*animations.get_normal(ghost_type).unwrap());
+                }
+                GhostAnimation::Eyes => {
+                    // Remove LinearAnimation, add DirectionalAnimation (eyes animation)
+                    commands.entity(entity).remove::<LinearAnimation>().insert(*animations.eyes());
+                }
+            }
+            last_animation_state.0 = current_animation_state;
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/systems/input.rs
+++ b/src/systems/input.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,35 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};

-use bevy_ecs::{event::EventWriter, prelude::Res, resource::Resource, system::NonSendMut};
+use bevy_ecs::{
+    event::EventWriter,
+    resource::Resource,
+    system::{NonSendMut, Res, ResMut},
+};
+use glam::Vec2;
 use sdl2::{event::Event, keyboard::Keycode, EventPump};
+use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};

+use crate::systems::components::DeltaTime;
 use crate::{
-    entity::direction::Direction,
    events::{GameCommand, GameEvent},
+    map::direction::Direction,
 };

-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Resource)]
+#[derive(Resource, Default, Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub enum CursorPosition {
+    #[default]
+    None,
+    Some {
+        position: Vec2,
+        remaining_time: f32,
+    },
+}
+
+#[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Bindings {
    key_bindings: HashMap<Keycode, GameCommand>,
+    movement_keys: HashSet<Keycode>,
+    pressed_movement_keys: Vec<Keycode>,
 }

 impl Default for Bindings {
@@ -35,23 +54,144 @@ impl Default for Bindings {
        key_bindings.insert(Keycode::Escape, GameCommand::Exit);
        key_bindings.insert(Keycode::Q, GameCommand::Exit);

-        Self { key_bindings }
-    }
-}
+        let movement_keys = HashSet::from([
+            Keycode::W,
+            Keycode::A,
+            Keycode::S,
+            Keycode::D,
+            Keycode::Up,
+            Keycode::Down,
+            Keycode::Left,
+            Keycode::Right,
+        ]);

-pub fn input_system(bindings: Res<Bindings>, mut writer: EventWriter<GameEvent>, mut pump: NonSendMut<&'static mut EventPump>) {
-    for event in pump.poll_iter() {
-        match event {
-            Event::Quit { .. } => {
-                writer.write(GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit));
-            }
-            Event::KeyDown { keycode: Some(key), .. } => {
-                let command = bindings.key_bindings.get(&key).copied();
-                if let Some(command) = command {
-                    writer.write(GameEvent::Command(command));
-                }
-            }
-            _ => {}
+        Self {
+            key_bindings,
+            movement_keys,
+            pressed_movement_keys: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A simplified input event used for deterministic testing and logic reuse
+/// without depending on SDL's event pump.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SimpleKeyEvent {
+    KeyDown(Keycode),
+    KeyUp(Keycode),
+}
+
+/// Processes a frame's worth of simplified key events and returns the resulting
+/// `GameEvent`s that would be emitted by the input system for that frame.
+///
+/// This mirrors the behavior of `input_system` for keyboard-related logic:
+/// - KeyDown emits the bound command immediately (movement or otherwise)
+/// - Tracks pressed movement keys in order to continue movement on subsequent frames
+/// - KeyUp removes movement keys; if another movement key remains, it resumes
+pub fn process_simple_key_events(bindings: &mut Bindings, frame_events: &[SimpleKeyEvent]) -> Vec<GameEvent> {
+    let mut emitted_events = Vec::new();
+    let mut movement_key_pressed = false;
+
+    for event in frame_events {
+        match *event {
+            SimpleKeyEvent::KeyDown(key) => {
+                if let Some(command) = bindings.key_bindings.get(&key).copied() {
+                    emitted_events.push(GameEvent::Command(command));
+                }
+
+                if bindings.movement_keys.contains(&key) {
+                    movement_key_pressed = true;
+                    if !bindings.pressed_movement_keys.contains(&key) {
+                        bindings.pressed_movement_keys.push(key);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            SimpleKeyEvent::KeyUp(key) => {
+                if bindings.movement_keys.contains(&key) {
+                    bindings.pressed_movement_keys.retain(|&k| k != key);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if !movement_key_pressed {
+        if let Some(&last_movement_key) = bindings.pressed_movement_keys.last() {
+            if let Some(command) = bindings.key_bindings.get(&last_movement_key).copied() {
+                emitted_events.push(GameEvent::Command(command));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    emitted_events
+}
+
+pub fn input_system(
+    delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
+    mut bindings: ResMut<Bindings>,
+    mut writer: EventWriter<GameEvent>,
+    mut pump: NonSendMut<EventPump>,
+    mut cursor: ResMut<CursorPosition>,
+) {
+    let mut cursor_seen = false;
+    // Collect all events for this frame.
+    let frame_events: SmallVec<[Event; 3]> = pump.poll_iter().collect();
+
+    // Warn if the smallvec was heap allocated due to exceeding stack capacity
+    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+    if frame_events.len() > frame_events.capacity() {
+        tracing::warn!(
+            "More than {} events in a frame, consider adjusting stack capacity: {:?}",
+            frame_events.capacity(),
+            frame_events
+        );
+    }
+
+    // Handle non-keyboard events inline and build a simplified keyboard event stream.
+    let mut simple_key_events: SmallVec<[SimpleKeyEvent; 3]> = smallvec![];
+    for event in &frame_events {
+        match *event {
+            Event::Quit { .. } => {
+                writer.write(GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit));
+            }
+            Event::MouseMotion { x, y, .. } => {
+                *cursor = CursorPosition::Some {
+                    position: Vec2::new(x as f32, y as f32),
+                    remaining_time: 0.20,
+                };
+                cursor_seen = true;
+            }
+            Event::KeyDown { keycode, repeat, .. } => {
+                if let Some(key) = keycode {
+                    if repeat {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    simple_key_events.push(SimpleKeyEvent::KeyDown(key));
+                }
+            }
+            Event::KeyUp { keycode, repeat, .. } => {
+                if let Some(key) = keycode {
+                    if repeat {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    simple_key_events.push(SimpleKeyEvent::KeyUp(key));
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {
+                tracing::warn!("Unhandled event, consider disabling: {:?}", event);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Delegate keyboard handling to shared logic used by tests and production.
+    let emitted = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &simple_key_events);
+    for event in emitted {
+        writer.write(event);
+    }
+
+    if let (false, CursorPosition::Some { remaining_time, .. }) = (cursor_seen, &mut *cursor) {
+        *remaining_time -= delta_time.0;
+        if *remaining_time <= 0.0 {
+            *cursor = CursorPosition::None;
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/systems/item.rs
+++ b/src/systems/item.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,35 @@
-use bevy_ecs::{event::EventReader, prelude::*, query::With, system::Query};
+use bevy_ecs::{
+    entity::Entity,
+    event::{EventReader, EventWriter},
+    query::With,
+    system::{Commands, Query, ResMut},
+};

 use crate::{
+    constants::animation::FRIGHTENED_FLASH_START_TICKS,
    events::GameEvent,
-    systems::components::{EntityType, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider, ScoreResource},
+    systems::{AudioEvent, EntityType, GhostCollider, GhostState, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider, ScoreResource},
 };

+/// Determines if a collision between two entity types should be handled by the item system.
+///
+/// Returns `true` if one entity is a player and the other is a collectible item.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+pub fn is_valid_item_collision(entity1: EntityType, entity2: EntityType) -> bool {
+    match (entity1, entity2) {
+        (EntityType::Player, entity) | (entity, EntityType::Player) => entity.is_collectible(),
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
 pub fn item_system(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut collision_events: EventReader<GameEvent>,
    mut score: ResMut<ScoreResource>,
    pacman_query: Query<Entity, With<PacmanCollider>>,
    item_query: Query<(Entity, &EntityType), With<ItemCollider>>,
+    mut ghost_query: Query<&mut GhostState, With<GhostCollider>>,
+    mut events: EventWriter<AudioEvent>,
 ) {
    for event in collision_events.read() {
        if let GameEvent::Collision(entity1, entity2) = event {
@@ -25,18 +44,30 @@ pub fn item_system(

            // Get the item type and update score
            if let Ok((item_ent, entity_type)) = item_query.get(item_entity) {
-                match entity_type {
-                    EntityType::Pellet => {
-                        score.0 += 10;
-                    }
-                    EntityType::PowerPellet => {
-                        score.0 += 50;
-                    }
-                    _ => continue,
-                }
+                if let Some(score_value) = entity_type.score_value() {
+                    score.0 += score_value;

-                // Remove the collected item
-                commands.entity(item_ent).despawn();
+                    // Remove the collected item
+                    commands.entity(item_ent).despawn();
+
+                    // Trigger audio if appropriate
+                    if entity_type.is_collectible() {
+                        events.write(AudioEvent::PlayEat);
+                    }
+
+                    // Make ghosts frightened when power pellet is collected
+                    if *entity_type == EntityType::PowerPellet {
+                        // Convert seconds to frames (assumes 60 FPS)
+                        let total_ticks = 60 * 5; // 5 seconds total
+
+                        // Set all ghosts to frightened state, except those in Eyes state
+                        for mut ghost_state in ghost_query.iter_mut() {
+                            if !matches!(*ghost_state, GhostState::Eyes) {
+                                *ghost_state = GhostState::new_frightened(total_ticks, FRIGHTENED_FLASH_START_TICKS);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
            }
        }
    }
--- a/src/systems/mod.rs
+++ b/src/systems/mod.rs
@@ -3,14 +3,30 @@
 //! This module contains all the ECS-related logic, including components, systems,
 //! and resources.

+pub mod audio;
 pub mod blinking;
 pub mod collision;
 pub mod components;
-pub mod control;
 pub mod debug;
-pub mod formatting;
+pub mod ghost;
 pub mod input;
 pub mod item;
 pub mod movement;
+pub mod player;
 pub mod profiling;
 pub mod render;
+pub mod stage;
+
+pub use self::audio::*;
+pub use self::blinking::*;
+pub use self::collision::*;
+pub use self::components::*;
+pub use self::debug::*;
+pub use self::ghost::*;
+pub use self::input::*;
+pub use self::item::*;
+pub use self::movement::*;
+pub use self::player::*;
+pub use self::profiling::*;
+pub use self::render::*;
+pub use self::stage::*;
--- a/src/systems/movement.rs
+++ b/src/systems/movement.rs
@@ -1,46 +1,47 @@
-use crate::entity::graph::Graph;
-use crate::entity::{direction::Direction, graph::Edge};
-use crate::error::{EntityError, GameError, GameResult};
-use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::components::{DeltaTime, EntityType};
+use crate::error::{EntityError, GameResult};
+use crate::map::direction::Direction;
+use crate::map::graph::Graph;
 use bevy_ecs::component::Component;
-use bevy_ecs::event::EventWriter;
-use bevy_ecs::system::{Query, Res};
 use glam::Vec2;

-/// A unique identifier for a node, represented by its index in the graph's storage.
-pub type NodeId = usize;
+/// Zero-based index identifying a specific node in the navigation graph.
+///
+/// Nodes represent discrete movement targets in the maze. The index directly corresponds to the node's position in the
+/// graph's internal storage arrays.
+pub type NodeId = u16;

-/// Progress along an edge between two nodes.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
-pub struct EdgeProgress {
-    pub target_node: NodeId,
-    /// Progress from 0.0 (at source node) to 1.0 (at target node)
-    pub progress: f32,
-}
-
-/// Pure spatial position component - works for both static and dynamic entities.
+/// A component that represents the speed and cardinal direction of an entity.
+/// Speed is static, only applied when the entity has an edge to traverse.
+/// Direction is dynamic, but is controlled externally.
 #[derive(Component, Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub struct Position {
-    /// The current/primary node this entity is at or traveling from
-    pub node: NodeId,
-    /// If Some, entity is traveling between nodes. If None, entity is stationary at node.
-    pub edge_progress: Option<EdgeProgress>,
-}
-
-/// Explicit movement state - only for entities that can move.
-#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
-pub enum MovementState {
-    Stopped,
-    Moving { direction: Direction },
-}
-
-/// Movement capability and parameters - only for entities that can move.
-#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
-pub struct Movable {
+pub struct Velocity {
    pub speed: f32,
-    pub current_direction: Direction,
-    pub requested_direction: Option<Direction>,
+    pub direction: Direction,
+}
+
+/// A component that represents a direction change that is only remembered for a period of time.
+/// This is used to allow entities to change direction before they reach their current target node (which consumes their buffered direction).
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum BufferedDirection {
+    None,
+    Some { direction: Direction, remaining_time: f32 },
+}
+
+/// Entity position state that handles both stationary entities and moving entities.
+///
+/// Supports precise positioning during movement between discrete navigation nodes.
+/// When moving, entities smoothly interpolate along edges while tracking exact distance remaining to the target node.
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum Position {
+    /// Entity is stationary at a specific graph node.
+    Stopped { node: NodeId },
+    /// Entity is traveling between two nodes.
+    Moving {
+        from: NodeId,
+        to: NodeId,
+        /// Distance remaining to reach the target node.
+        remaining_distance: f32,
+    },
 }

 impl Position {
@@ -52,26 +53,33 @@ impl Position {
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Returns an `EntityError` if the node or edge is not found.
-    pub fn get_pixel_pos(&self, graph: &Graph) -> GameResult<Vec2> {
-        let pos = match &self.edge_progress {
-            None => {
+    pub fn get_pixel_position(&self, graph: &Graph) -> GameResult<Vec2> {
+        let pos = match &self {
+            Position::Stopped { node } => {
                // Entity is stationary at a node
-                let node = graph.get_node(self.node).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(self.node))?;
+                let node = graph.get_node(*node).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(*node as usize))?;
                node.position
            }
-            Some(edge_progress) => {
+            Position::Moving {
+                from,
+                to,
+                remaining_distance,
+            } => {
                // Entity is traveling between nodes
-                let from_node = graph.get_node(self.node).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(self.node))?;
-                let to_node = graph
-                    .get_node(edge_progress.target_node)
-                    .ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(edge_progress.target_node))?;
+                let from_node = graph.get_node(*from).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(*from as usize))?;
+                let to_node = graph.get_node(*to).ok_or(EntityError::NodeNotFound(*to as usize))?;
+                let edge = graph.find_edge(*from, *to).ok_or(EntityError::EdgeNotFound {
+                    from: *from as usize,
+                    to: *to as usize,
+                })?;

                // For zero-distance edges (tunnels), progress >= 1.0 means we're at the target
-                if edge_progress.progress >= 1.0 {
+                if edge.distance == 0.0 {
                    to_node.position
                } else {
                    // Interpolate position based on progress
-                    from_node.position + (to_node.position - from_node.position) * edge_progress.progress
+                    let progress = 1.0 - (*remaining_distance / edge.distance);
+                    from_node.position.lerp(to_node.position, progress)
                }
            }
        };
@@ -81,192 +89,61 @@ impl Position {
            pos.y + crate::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.y as f32,
        ))
    }
-}

-impl Default for Position {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Position {
-            node: 0,
-            edge_progress: None,
+    /// Advances movement progress by the specified distance with overflow handling.
+    ///
+    /// For moving entities, decreases the remaining distance to the target node.
+    /// If the distance would overshoot the target, the entity transitions to
+    /// `Stopped` state and returns the excess distance for chaining movement
+    /// to the next edge in the same frame.
+    ///
+    /// # Arguments
+    ///
+    /// * `distance` - Distance to travel this frame (typically speed × delta_time)
+    ///
+    /// # Returns
+    ///
+    /// `Some(overflow)` if the target was reached with distance remaining,
+    /// `None` if still moving or already stopped.
+    pub fn tick(&mut self, distance: f32) -> Option<f32> {
+        if distance <= 0.0 || self.is_at_node() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        match self {
+            Position::Moving {
+                to, remaining_distance, ..
+            } => {
+                // If the remaining distance is less than or equal the distance, we'll reach the target
+                if *remaining_distance <= distance {
+                    let overflow: Option<f32> = if *remaining_distance != distance {
+                        Some(distance - *remaining_distance)
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    };
+                    *self = Position::Stopped { node: *to };
+
+                    return overflow;
+                }
+
+                *remaining_distance -= distance;
+
+                None
+            }
+            _ => unreachable!(),
        }
    }
-}

-#[allow(dead_code)]
-impl Position {
    /// Returns `true` if the position is exactly at a node (not traveling).
    pub fn is_at_node(&self) -> bool {
-        self.edge_progress.is_none()
+        matches!(self, Position::Stopped { .. })
    }

    /// Returns the `NodeId` of the current node (source of travel if moving).
    pub fn current_node(&self) -> NodeId {
-        self.node
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the `NodeId` of the destination node, if currently traveling.
-    pub fn target_node(&self) -> Option<NodeId> {
-        self.edge_progress.as_ref().map(|ep| ep.target_node)
-    }
-
-    /// Returns `true` if the entity is traveling between nodes.
-    pub fn is_moving(&self) -> bool {
-        self.edge_progress.is_some()
-    }
-}
-
-fn can_traverse(entity_type: EntityType, edge: Edge) -> bool {
-    let entity_flags = entity_type.traversal_flags();
-    edge.traversal_flags.contains(entity_flags)
-}
-
-pub fn movement_system(
-    map: Res<Map>,
-    delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
-    mut entities: Query<(&mut MovementState, &mut Movable, &mut Position, &EntityType)>,
-    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
-) {
-    for (mut movement_state, mut movable, mut position, entity_type) in entities.iter_mut() {
-        let distance = movable.speed * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
-
-        match *movement_state {
-            MovementState::Stopped => {
-                // Check if we have a requested direction to start moving
-                if let Some(requested_direction) = movable.requested_direction {
-                    if let Some(edge) = map.graph.find_edge_in_direction(position.node, requested_direction) {
-                        if can_traverse(*entity_type, edge) {
-                            // Start moving in the requested direction
-                            let progress = if edge.distance > 0.0 {
-                                distance / edge.distance
-                            } else {
-                                // Zero-distance edge (tunnels) - immediately teleport
-                                tracing::debug!("Entity entering tunnel from node {} to node {}", position.node, edge.target);
-                                1.0
-                            };
-
-                            position.edge_progress = Some(EdgeProgress {
-                                target_node: edge.target,
-                                progress,
-                            });
-                            movable.current_direction = requested_direction;
-                            movable.requested_direction = None;
-                            *movement_state = MovementState::Moving {
-                                direction: requested_direction,
-                            };
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        errors.write(
-                            EntityError::InvalidMovement(format!(
-                                "No edge found in direction {:?} from node {}",
-                                requested_direction, position.node
-                            ))
-                            .into(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            MovementState::Moving { direction } => {
-                // Continue moving or handle node transitions
-                let current_node = position.node;
-                if let Some(edge_progress) = &mut position.edge_progress {
-                    // Extract target node before mutable operations
-                    let target_node = edge_progress.target_node;
-
-                    // Get the current edge for distance calculation
-                    let edge = map.graph.find_edge(current_node, target_node);
-
-                    if let Some(edge) = edge {
-                        // Update progress along the edge
-                        if edge.distance > 0.0 {
-                            edge_progress.progress += distance / edge.distance;
-                        } else {
-                            // Zero-distance edge (tunnels) - immediately complete
-                            edge_progress.progress = 1.0;
-                        }
-
-                        if edge_progress.progress >= 1.0 {
-                            // Reached the target node
-                            let overflow = if edge.distance > 0.0 {
-                                (edge_progress.progress - 1.0) * edge.distance
-                            } else {
-                                // Zero-distance edge - use remaining distance for overflow
-                                distance
-                            };
-                            position.node = target_node;
-                            position.edge_progress = None;
-
-                            let mut continued_moving = false;
-
-                            // Try to use requested direction first
-                            if let Some(requested_direction) = movable.requested_direction {
-                                if let Some(next_edge) = map.graph.find_edge_in_direction(position.node, requested_direction) {
-                                    if can_traverse(*entity_type, next_edge) {
-                                        let next_progress = if next_edge.distance > 0.0 {
-                                            overflow / next_edge.distance
-                                        } else {
-                                            // Zero-distance edge - immediately complete
-                                            1.0
-                                        };
-
-                                        position.edge_progress = Some(EdgeProgress {
-                                            target_node: next_edge.target,
-                                            progress: next_progress,
-                                        });
-                                        movable.current_direction = requested_direction;
-                                        movable.requested_direction = None;
-                                        *movement_state = MovementState::Moving {
-                                            direction: requested_direction,
-                                        };
-                                        continued_moving = true;
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-
-                            // If no requested direction or it failed, try to continue in current direction
-                            if !continued_moving {
-                                if let Some(next_edge) = map.graph.find_edge_in_direction(position.node, direction) {
-                                    if can_traverse(*entity_type, next_edge) {
-                                        let next_progress = if next_edge.distance > 0.0 {
-                                            overflow / next_edge.distance
-                                        } else {
-                                            // Zero-distance edge - immediately complete
-                                            1.0
-                                        };
-
-                                        position.edge_progress = Some(EdgeProgress {
-                                            target_node: next_edge.target,
-                                            progress: next_progress,
-                                        });
-                                        // Keep current direction and movement state
-                                        continued_moving = true;
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
-
-                            // If we couldn't continue moving, stop
-                            if !continued_moving {
-                                *movement_state = MovementState::Stopped;
-                                movable.requested_direction = None;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        // Edge not found - this is an inconsistent state
-                        errors.write(
-                            EntityError::InvalidMovement(format!(
-                                "Inconsistent state: Moving on non-existent edge from {} to {}",
-                                current_node, target_node
-                            ))
-                            .into(),
-                        );
-                        *movement_state = MovementState::Stopped;
-                        position.edge_progress = None;
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    // Movement state says moving but no edge progress - this shouldn't happen
-                    errors.write(EntityError::InvalidMovement("Entity in Moving state but no edge progress".to_string()).into());
-                    *movement_state = MovementState::Stopped;
-                }
-            }
+        match self {
+            Position::Stopped { node } => *node,
+            Position::Moving { from, .. } => *from,
        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/systems/player.rs
+++ b/src/systems/player.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{
+    event::{EventReader, EventWriter},
+    query::{With, Without},
+    system::{Query, Res, ResMut},
+};
+
+use crate::{
+    error::GameError,
+    events::{GameCommand, GameEvent},
+    map::{builder::Map, graph::Edge},
+    systems::{
+        components::{DeltaTime, EntityType, Frozen, GlobalState, MovementModifiers, PlayerControlled},
+        debug::DebugState,
+        movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity},
+        AudioState,
+    },
+};
+
+pub fn can_traverse(entity_type: EntityType, edge: Edge) -> bool {
+    let entity_flags = entity_type.traversal_flags();
+    edge.traversal_flags.contains(entity_flags)
+}
+
+/// Processes player input commands and updates game state accordingly.
+///
+/// Handles keyboard-driven commands like movement direction changes, debug mode
+/// toggling, audio muting, and game exit requests. Movement commands are buffered
+/// to allow direction changes before reaching intersections, improving gameplay
+/// responsiveness. Non-movement commands immediately modify global game state.
+pub fn player_control_system(
+    mut events: EventReader<GameEvent>,
+    mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>,
+    mut debug_state: ResMut<DebugState>,
+    mut audio_state: ResMut<AudioState>,
+    mut players: Query<&mut BufferedDirection, (With<PlayerControlled>, Without<Frozen>)>,
+    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
+) {
+    // Handle events
+    for event in events.read() {
+        if let GameEvent::Command(command) = event {
+            match command {
+                GameCommand::MovePlayer(direction) => {
+                    // Get the player's movable component (ensuring there is only one player)
+                    let mut buffered_direction = match players.single_mut() {
+                        Ok(tuple) => tuple,
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
+                                "No/multiple entities queried for player system: {}",
+                                e
+                            )));
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    };
+
+                    *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::Some {
+                        direction: *direction,
+                        remaining_time: 0.25,
+                    };
+                }
+                GameCommand::Exit => {
+                    state.exit = true;
+                }
+                GameCommand::ToggleDebug => {
+                    debug_state.enabled = !debug_state.enabled;
+                }
+                GameCommand::MuteAudio => {
+                    audio_state.muted = !audio_state.muted;
+                    tracing::info!("Audio {}", if audio_state.muted { "muted" } else { "unmuted" });
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Executes frame-by-frame movement for Pac-Man.
+///
+/// Handles movement logic including buffered direction changes, edge traversal validation, and continuous movement between nodes.
+/// When stopped, prioritizes buffered directions for responsive controls, falling back to current direction.
+/// Supports movement chaining within a single frame when traveling at high speeds.
+#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
+pub fn player_movement_system(
+    map: Res<Map>,
+    delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
+    mut entities: Query<
+        (&MovementModifiers, &mut Position, &mut Velocity, &mut BufferedDirection),
+        (With<PlayerControlled>, Without<Frozen>),
+    >,
+) {
+    for (modifiers, mut position, mut velocity, mut buffered_direction) in entities.iter_mut() {
+        // Decrement the buffered direction remaining time
+        if let BufferedDirection::Some {
+            direction,
+            remaining_time,
+        } = *buffered_direction
+        {
+            if remaining_time <= 0.0 {
+                *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::None;
+            } else {
+                *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::Some {
+                    direction,
+                    remaining_time: remaining_time - delta_time.0,
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        let mut distance = velocity.speed * modifiers.speed_multiplier * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
+
+        loop {
+            match *position {
+                Position::Stopped { .. } => {
+                    // If there is a buffered direction, travel it's edge first if available.
+                    if let BufferedDirection::Some { direction, .. } = *buffered_direction {
+                        // If there's no edge in that direction, ignore the buffered direction.
+                        if let Some(edge) = map.graph.find_edge_in_direction(position.current_node(), direction) {
+                            // If there is an edge in that direction (and it's traversable), start moving towards it and consume the buffered direction.
+                            if can_traverse(EntityType::Player, edge) {
+                                velocity.direction = edge.direction;
+                                *position = Position::Moving {
+                                    from: position.current_node(),
+                                    to: edge.target,
+                                    remaining_distance: edge.distance,
+                                };
+                                *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::None;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // If there is no buffered direction (or it's not yet valid), continue in the current direction.
+                    if let Some(edge) = map.graph.find_edge_in_direction(position.current_node(), velocity.direction) {
+                        if can_traverse(EntityType::Player, edge) {
+                            velocity.direction = edge.direction;
+                            *position = Position::Moving {
+                                from: position.current_node(),
+                                to: edge.target,
+                                remaining_distance: edge.distance,
+                            };
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // No edge in our current direction either, erase the buffered direction and stop.
+                        *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::None;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                Position::Moving { .. } => {
+                    if let Some(overflow) = position.tick(distance) {
+                        distance = overflow;
+                    } else {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Applies tunnel slowdown based on the current node tile
+pub fn player_tunnel_slowdown_system(map: Res<Map>, mut q: Query<(&Position, &mut MovementModifiers), With<PlayerControlled>>) {
+    if let Ok((position, mut modifiers)) = q.single_mut() {
+        let node = position.current_node();
+        let in_tunnel = map
+            .tile_at_node(node)
+            .map(|t| t == crate::constants::MapTile::Tunnel)
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+        modifiers.tunnel_slowdown_active = in_tunnel;
+        modifiers.speed_multiplier = if in_tunnel { 0.6 } else { 1.0 };
+    }
+}
--- a/src/systems/profiling.rs
+++ b/src/systems/profiling.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,51 @@
-use bevy_ecs::prelude::Resource;
-use bevy_ecs::system::{IntoSystem, System};
+use bevy_ecs::system::IntoSystem;
+use bevy_ecs::{resource::Resource, system::System};
 use circular_buffer::CircularBuffer;
 use micromap::Map;
+use num_width::NumberWidth;
 use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
+use smallvec::SmallVec;
+use std::fmt::Display;
 use std::time::Duration;
+use strum::{EnumCount, IntoEnumIterator};
+use strum_macros::{EnumCount, EnumIter, IntoStaticStr};
 use thousands::Separable;

 /// The maximum number of systems that can be profiled. Must not be exceeded, or it will panic.
-const MAX_SYSTEMS: usize = 11;
+const MAX_SYSTEMS: usize = SystemId::COUNT;
 /// The number of durations to keep in the circular buffer.
 const TIMING_WINDOW_SIZE: usize = 30;

+#[derive(EnumCount, EnumIter, IntoStaticStr, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Copy, Clone)]
+pub enum SystemId {
+    Input,
+    PlayerControls,
+    Ghost,
+    Movement,
+    Audio,
+    Blinking,
+    DirectionalRender,
+    LinearRender,
+    DirtyRender,
+    HudRender,
+    Render,
+    DebugRender,
+    Present,
+    Collision,
+    Item,
+    PlayerMovement,
+    GhostCollision,
+    Stage,
+    GhostStateAnimation,
+    EatenGhost,
+}
+
+impl Display for SystemId {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", Into::<&'static str>::into(self).to_ascii_lowercase())
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Resource, Default, Debug)]
 pub struct SystemTimings {
    /// Map of system names to a queue of durations, using a circular buffer.
@@ -20,18 +55,18 @@ pub struct SystemTimings {
    ///
    /// Also, we use a micromap::Map as the number of systems is generally quite small.
    /// Just make sure to set the capacity appropriately, or it will panic.
-    pub timings: RwLock<Map<&'static str, Mutex<CircularBuffer<TIMING_WINDOW_SIZE, Duration>>, MAX_SYSTEMS>>,
+    pub timings: RwLock<Map<SystemId, Mutex<CircularBuffer<TIMING_WINDOW_SIZE, Duration>>, MAX_SYSTEMS>>,
 }

 impl SystemTimings {
-    pub fn add_timing(&self, name: &'static str, duration: Duration) {
+    pub fn add_timing(&self, id: SystemId, duration: Duration) {
        // acquire a upgradable read lock
        let mut timings = self.timings.upgradable_read();

        // happy path, the name is already in the map (no need to mutate the hashmap)
-        if timings.contains_key(name) {
+        if timings.contains_key(&id) {
            let queue = timings
-                .get(name)
+                .get(&id)
                .expect("System name not found in map after contains_key check");
            let mut queue = queue.lock();

@@ -41,16 +76,16 @@ impl SystemTimings {

        // otherwise, acquire a write lock and insert a new queue
        timings.with_upgraded(|timings| {
-            let queue = timings.entry(name).or_insert_with(|| Mutex::new(CircularBuffer::new()));
+            let queue = timings.entry(id).or_insert_with(|| Mutex::new(CircularBuffer::new()));
            queue.lock().push_back(duration);
        });
    }

-    pub fn get_stats(&self) -> Map<&'static str, (Duration, Duration), MAX_SYSTEMS> {
+    pub fn get_stats(&self) -> Map<SystemId, (Duration, Duration), MAX_SYSTEMS> {
        let timings = self.timings.read();
        let mut stats = Map::new();

-        for (name, queue) in timings.iter() {
+        for (id, queue) in timings.iter() {
            if queue.lock().is_empty() {
                continue;
            }
@@ -61,11 +96,11 @@ impl SystemTimings {
            let sum: f64 = durations.iter().sum();
            let mean = sum / count;

-            let variance = durations.iter().map(|x| (x - mean).powi(2)).sum::<f64>() / count;
+            let variance = durations.iter().map(|x| (x - mean).powi(2)).sum::<f64>() / (count - 1.0).max(1.0);
            let std_dev = variance.sqrt();

            stats.insert(
-                *name,
+                *id,
                (
                    Duration::from_secs_f64(mean / 1000.0),
                    Duration::from_secs_f64(std_dev / 1000.0),
@@ -77,31 +112,29 @@ impl SystemTimings {
    }

    pub fn get_total_stats(&self) -> (Duration, Duration) {
-        let timings = self.timings.read();
-        let mut all_durations = Vec::new();
+        let duration_sums = {
+            let timings = self.timings.read();
+            timings
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(_, queue)| queue.lock().iter().sum::<Duration>())
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        };

-        for queue in timings.values() {
-            all_durations.extend(queue.lock().iter().map(|d| d.as_secs_f64() * 1000.0));
-        }
+        let mean = duration_sums.iter().sum::<Duration>() / duration_sums.len() as u32;
+        let variance = duration_sums
+            .iter()
+            .map(|x| {
+                let diff_secs = x.as_secs_f64() - mean.as_secs_f64();
+                diff_secs * diff_secs
+            })
+            .sum::<f64>()
+            / (duration_sums.len() - 1).max(1) as f64;
+        let std_dev_secs = variance.sqrt();

-        if all_durations.is_empty() {
-            return (Duration::ZERO, Duration::ZERO);
-        }
-
-        let count = all_durations.len() as f64;
-        let sum: f64 = all_durations.iter().sum();
-        let mean = sum / count;
-
-        let variance = all_durations.iter().map(|x| (x - mean).powi(2)).sum::<f64>() / count;
-        let std_dev = variance.sqrt();
-
-        (
-            Duration::from_secs_f64(mean / 1000.0),
-            Duration::from_secs_f64(std_dev / 1000.0),
-        )
+        (mean, Duration::from_secs_f64(std_dev_secs))
    }

-    pub fn format_timing_display(&self) -> String {
+    pub fn format_timing_display(&self) -> SmallVec<[String; SystemId::COUNT]> {
        let stats = self.get_stats();
        let (total_avg, total_std) = self.get_total_stats();

@@ -112,25 +145,23 @@ impl SystemTimings {
        };

        // Collect timing data for formatting
-        let mut timing_data = Vec::new();
+        let mut timing_data = vec![(effective_fps, total_avg, total_std)];

-        // Add total stats
-        timing_data.push((effective_fps, total_avg, total_std));
-
-        // Add top 5 most expensive systems
+        // Sort the stats by average duration
        let mut sorted_stats: Vec<_> = stats.iter().collect();
        sorted_stats.sort_by(|a, b| b.1 .0.cmp(&a.1 .0));

-        for (name, (avg, std_dev)) in sorted_stats.iter().take(5) {
+        // Add the top 5 most expensive systems
+        for (name, (avg, std_dev)) in sorted_stats.iter().take(7) {
            timing_data.push((name.to_string(), *avg, *std_dev));
        }

        // Use the formatting module to format the data
-        crate::systems::formatting::format_timing_display(timing_data).join("\n")
+        format_timing_display(timing_data)
    }
 }

-pub fn profile<S, M>(name: &'static str, system: S) -> impl FnMut(&mut bevy_ecs::world::World)
+pub fn profile<S, M>(id: SystemId, system: S) -> impl FnMut(&mut bevy_ecs::world::World)
 where
    S: IntoSystem<(), (), M> + 'static,
 {
@@ -147,7 +178,113 @@ where
        let duration = start.elapsed();

        if let Some(timings) = world.get_resource::<SystemTimings>() {
-            timings.add_timing(name, duration);
+            timings.add_timing(id, duration);
        }
    }
 }
+
+// Helper to split a duration into a integer, decimal, and unit
+fn get_value(duration: &Duration) -> (u64, u32, &'static str) {
+    let (int, decimal, unit) = match duration {
+        // if greater than 1 second, return as seconds
+        n if n >= &Duration::from_secs(1) => {
+            let secs = n.as_secs();
+            let decimal = n.as_millis() as u64 % 1000;
+            (secs, decimal as u32, "s")
+        }
+        // if greater than 1 millisecond, return as milliseconds
+        n if n >= &Duration::from_millis(1) => {
+            let ms = n.as_millis() as u64;
+            let decimal = n.as_micros() as u64 % 1000;
+            (ms, decimal as u32, "ms")
+        }
+        // if greater than 1 microsecond, return as microseconds
+        n if n >= &Duration::from_micros(1) => {
+            let us = n.as_micros() as u64;
+            let decimal = n.as_nanos() as u64 % 1000;
+            (us, decimal as u32, "µs")
+        }
+        // otherwise, return as nanoseconds
+        n => {
+            let ns = n.as_nanos() as u64;
+            (ns, 0, "ns")
+        }
+    };
+
+    (int, decimal, unit)
+}
+
+/// Formats timing data into a vector of strings with proper alignment
+pub fn format_timing_display(
+    timing_data: impl IntoIterator<Item = (String, Duration, Duration)>,
+) -> SmallVec<[String; SystemId::COUNT]> {
+    let mut iter = timing_data.into_iter().peekable();
+    if iter.peek().is_none() {
+        return SmallVec::new();
+    }
+
+    struct Entry {
+        name: String,
+        avg_int: u64,
+        avg_decimal: u32,
+        avg_unit: &'static str,
+        std_int: u64,
+        std_decimal: u32,
+        std_unit: &'static str,
+    }
+
+    let entries = iter
+        .map(|(name, avg, std_dev)| {
+            let (avg_int, avg_decimal, avg_unit) = get_value(&avg);
+            let (std_int, std_decimal, std_unit) = get_value(&std_dev);
+
+            Entry {
+                name: name.clone(),
+                avg_int,
+                avg_decimal,
+                avg_unit,
+                std_int,
+                std_decimal,
+                std_unit,
+            }
+        })
+        .collect::<SmallVec<[Entry; 12]>>();
+
+    let (max_avg_int_width, max_avg_decimal_width, max_std_int_width, max_std_decimal_width) =
+        entries
+            .iter()
+            .fold((0, 3, 0, 3), |(avg_int_w, avg_dec_w, std_int_w, std_dec_w), e| {
+                (
+                    avg_int_w.max(e.avg_int.width() as usize),
+                    avg_dec_w.max(e.avg_decimal.width() as usize),
+                    std_int_w.max(e.std_int.width() as usize),
+                    std_dec_w.max(e.std_decimal.width() as usize),
+                )
+            });
+
+    let max_name_width = SystemId::iter()
+        .map(|id| id.to_string().len())
+        .max()
+        .expect("SystemId::iter() returned an empty iterator");
+
+    entries.iter().map(|e| {
+            format!(
+                "{name:max_name_width$} : {avg_int:max_avg_int_width$}.{avg_decimal:<max_avg_decimal_width$}{avg_unit} ± {std_int:max_std_int_width$}.{std_decimal:<max_std_decimal_width$}{std_unit}",
+                // Content
+                name = e.name,
+                avg_int = e.avg_int,
+                avg_decimal = e.avg_decimal,
+                std_int = e.std_int,
+                std_decimal = e.std_decimal,
+                // Units
+                avg_unit = e.avg_unit,
+                std_unit = e.std_unit,
+                // Padding
+                max_name_width = max_name_width,
+                max_avg_int_width = max_avg_int_width,
+                max_avg_decimal_width = max_avg_decimal_width,
+                max_std_int_width = max_std_int_width,
+                max_std_decimal_width = max_std_decimal_width
+            )
+        }).collect::<SmallVec<[String; SystemId::COUNT]>>()
+}
--- a/src/systems/render.rs
+++ b/src/systems/render.rs
@@ -1,64 +1,176 @@
+use crate::constants::CANVAS_SIZE;
 use crate::error::{GameError, TextureError};
 use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::components::{DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, RenderDirty, Renderable};
-use crate::systems::movement::{Movable, MovementState, Position};
+use crate::systems::{
+    DebugState, DebugTextureResource, DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimation, LinearAnimation, Position, Renderable, ScoreResource,
+    StartupSequence, Velocity,
+};
 use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
+use crate::texture::text::TextTexture;
+use bevy_ecs::component::Component;
 use bevy_ecs::entity::Entity;
 use bevy_ecs::event::EventWriter;
-use bevy_ecs::prelude::{Changed, Or, RemovedComponents};
+use bevy_ecs::query::{Changed, Or, Without};
+use bevy_ecs::removal_detection::RemovedComponents;
+use bevy_ecs::resource::Resource;
 use bevy_ecs::system::{NonSendMut, Query, Res, ResMut};
-use sdl2::render::{Canvas, Texture};
+use sdl2::pixels::Color;
+use sdl2::rect::{Point, Rect};
+use sdl2::render::{BlendMode, Canvas, Texture};
 use sdl2::video::Window;

+#[derive(Resource, Default)]
+pub struct RenderDirty(pub bool);
+
+#[derive(Component)]
+pub struct Hidden;
+
+#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
 pub fn dirty_render_system(
    mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>,
-    changed_renderables: Query<(), Or<(Changed<Renderable>, Changed<Position>)>>,
+    changed: Query<(), Or<(Changed<Renderable>, Changed<Position>)>>,
+    removed_hidden: RemovedComponents<Hidden>,
    removed_renderables: RemovedComponents<Renderable>,
 ) {
-    if !changed_renderables.is_empty() || !removed_renderables.is_empty() {
+    if !changed.is_empty() || !removed_hidden.is_empty() || !removed_renderables.is_empty() {
        dirty.0 = true;
    }
 }

-/// Updates the directional animated texture of an entity.
+/// Updates directional animated entities with synchronized timing across directions.
 ///
-/// This runs before the render system so it can update the sprite based on the current direction of travel, as well as whether the entity is moving.
+/// This runs before the render system to update sprites based on current direction and movement state.
+/// All directions share the same frame timing to ensure perfect synchronization.
 pub fn directional_render_system(
    dt: Res<DeltaTime>,
-    mut renderables: Query<(&MovementState, &Movable, &mut DirectionalAnimated, &mut Renderable)>,
-    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
+    mut query: Query<(&Position, &Velocity, &mut DirectionalAnimation, &mut Renderable)>,
 ) {
-    for (movement_state, movable, mut texture, mut renderable) in renderables.iter_mut() {
-        let stopped = matches!(movement_state, MovementState::Stopped);
-        let current_direction = movable.current_direction;
+    let ticks = (dt.0 * 60.0).round() as u16; // Convert from seconds to ticks at 60 ticks/sec

-        let texture = if stopped {
-            texture.stopped_textures[current_direction.as_usize()].as_mut()
+    for (position, velocity, mut anim, mut renderable) in query.iter_mut() {
+        let stopped = matches!(position, Position::Stopped { .. });
+
+        // Only tick animation when moving to preserve stopped frame
+        if !stopped {
+            // Tick shared animation state
+            anim.time_bank += ticks;
+            while anim.time_bank >= anim.frame_duration {
+                anim.time_bank -= anim.frame_duration;
+                anim.current_frame += 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Get tiles for current direction and movement state
+        let tiles = if stopped {
+            anim.stopped_tiles.get(velocity.direction)
        } else {
-            texture.textures[current_direction.as_usize()].as_mut()
+            anim.moving_tiles.get(velocity.direction)
        };

-        if let Some(texture) = texture {
-            if !stopped {
-                texture.tick(dt.0);
-            }
-            let new_tile = *texture.current_tile();
+        if !tiles.is_empty() {
+            let new_tile = tiles.get_tile(anim.current_frame);
+            if renderable.sprite != new_tile {
+                renderable.sprite = new_tile;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Updates linear animated entities (used for non-directional animations like frightened ghosts).
+///
+/// This system handles entities that use LinearAnimation component for simple frame cycling.
+pub fn linear_render_system(dt: Res<DeltaTime>, mut query: Query<(&mut LinearAnimation, &mut Renderable)>) {
+    let ticks = (dt.0 * 60.0).round() as u16; // Convert from seconds to ticks at 60 ticks/sec
+
+    for (mut anim, mut renderable) in query.iter_mut() {
+        // Tick animation
+        anim.time_bank += ticks;
+        while anim.time_bank >= anim.frame_duration {
+            anim.time_bank -= anim.frame_duration;
+            anim.current_frame += 1;
+        }
+
+        if !anim.tiles.is_empty() {
+            let new_tile = anim.tiles.get_tile(anim.current_frame);
            if renderable.sprite != new_tile {
                renderable.sprite = new_tile;
            }
-        } else {
-            errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Entity has no texture")).into());
-            continue;
        }
    }
 }

 /// A non-send resource for the map texture. This just wraps the texture with a type so it can be differentiated when exposed as a resource.
-pub struct MapTextureResource(pub Texture<'static>);
+pub struct MapTextureResource(pub Texture);

 /// A non-send resource for the backbuffer texture. This just wraps the texture with a type so it can be differentiated when exposed as a resource.
-pub struct BackbufferResource(pub Texture<'static>);
+pub struct BackbufferResource(pub Texture);

+/// Renders the HUD (score, lives, etc.) on top of the game.
+pub fn hud_render_system(
+    mut backbuffer: NonSendMut<BackbufferResource>,
+    mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
+    mut atlas: NonSendMut<SpriteAtlas>,
+    score: Res<ScoreResource>,
+    startup: Res<StartupSequence>,
+    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
+) {
+    let _ = canvas.with_texture_canvas(&mut backbuffer.0, |canvas| {
+        let mut text_renderer = TextTexture::new(1.0);
+
+        // Render lives and high score text in white
+        let lives = 3; // TODO: Get from actual lives resource
+        let lives_text = format!("{lives}UP   HIGH SCORE   ");
+        let lives_position = glam::UVec2::new(4 + 8 * 3, 2); // x_offset + lives_offset * 8, y_offset
+
+        if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render(canvas, &mut atlas, &lives_text, lives_position) {
+            errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render lives text: {}", e)).into());
+        }
+
+        // Render score text
+        let score_text = format!("{:02}", score.0);
+        let score_offset = 7 - (score_text.len() as i32);
+        let score_position = glam::UVec2::new(4 + 8 * score_offset as u32, 10); // x_offset + score_offset * 8, 8 + y_offset
+
+        if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render(canvas, &mut atlas, &score_text, score_position) {
+            errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render score text: {}", e)).into());
+        }
+
+        // Render high score text
+        let high_score_text = format!("{:02}", score.0);
+        let high_score_offset = 17 - (high_score_text.len() as i32);
+        let high_score_position = glam::UVec2::new(4 + 8 * high_score_offset as u32, 10); // x_offset + score_offset * 8, 8 + y_offset
+        if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render(canvas, &mut atlas, &high_score_text, high_score_position) {
+            errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render high score text: {}", e)).into());
+        }
+
+        // Render text based on StartupSequence stage
+        if matches!(
+            *startup,
+            StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. } | StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. }
+        ) {
+            let ready_text = "READY!";
+            let ready_width = text_renderer.text_width(ready_text);
+            let ready_position = glam::UVec2::new((CANVAS_SIZE.x - ready_width) / 2, 160);
+            if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render_with_color(canvas, &mut atlas, ready_text, ready_position, Color::YELLOW) {
+                errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render READY text: {}", e)).into());
+            }
+
+            if matches!(*startup, StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. }) {
+                let player_one_text = "PLAYER ONE";
+                let player_one_width = text_renderer.text_width(player_one_text);
+                let player_one_position = glam::UVec2::new((CANVAS_SIZE.x - player_one_width) / 2, 113);
+
+                if let Err(e) =
+                    text_renderer.render_with_color(canvas, &mut atlas, player_one_text, player_one_position, Color::CYAN)
+                {
+                    errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render PLAYER ONE text: {}", e)).into());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn render_system(
    mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
    map_texture: NonSendMut<MapTextureResource>,
@@ -66,7 +178,7 @@ pub fn render_system(
    mut atlas: NonSendMut<SpriteAtlas>,
    map: Res<Map>,
    dirty: Res<RenderDirty>,
-    renderables: Query<(Entity, &Renderable, &Position)>,
+    renderables: Query<(Entity, &Renderable, &Position), Without<Hidden>>,
    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
 ) {
    if !dirty.0 {
@@ -85,17 +197,18 @@ pub fn render_system(
            }

            // Render all entities to the backbuffer
-            for (_, renderable, position) in renderables.iter() {
-                if !renderable.visible {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let pos = position.get_pixel_pos(&map.graph);
+            for (_, renderable, position) in renderables
+                .iter()
+                .sort_by_key::<(Entity, &Renderable, &Position), _>(|(_, renderable, _)| renderable.layer)
+                .rev()
+            {
+                let pos = position.get_pixel_position(&map.graph);
                match pos {
                    Ok(pos) => {
-                        let dest = crate::helpers::centered_with_size(
-                            glam::IVec2::new(pos.x as i32, pos.y as i32),
-                            glam::UVec2::new(renderable.sprite.size.x as u32, renderable.sprite.size.y as u32),
+                        let dest = Rect::from_center(
+                            Point::from((pos.x as i32, pos.y as i32)),
+                            renderable.sprite.size.x as u32,
+                            renderable.sprite.size.y as u32,
                        );

                        renderable
@@ -105,7 +218,7 @@ pub fn render_system(
                            .map(|e| errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(e.to_string()).into()));
                    }
                    Err(e) => {
-                        errors.write(e.into());
+                        errors.write(e);
                    }
                }
            }
@@ -113,3 +226,25 @@ pub fn render_system(
        .err()
        .map(|e| errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(e.to_string()).into()));
 }
+
+pub fn present_system(
+    mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
+    mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>,
+    backbuffer: NonSendMut<BackbufferResource>,
+    debug_texture: NonSendMut<DebugTextureResource>,
+    debug_state: Res<DebugState>,
+) {
+    if dirty.0 {
+        // Copy the backbuffer to the main canvas
+        canvas.copy(&backbuffer.0, None, None).unwrap();
+
+        // Copy the debug texture to the canvas
+        if debug_state.enabled {
+            canvas.set_blend_mode(BlendMode::Blend);
+            canvas.copy(&debug_texture.0, None, None).unwrap();
+        }
+
+        canvas.present();
+        dirty.0 = false;
+    }
+}
--- a/src/systems/stage.rs
+++ b/src/systems/stage.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{
+    entity::Entity,
+    query::With,
+    resource::Resource,
+    system::{Commands, Query, ResMut},
+};
+use tracing::debug;
+
+use crate::systems::{Blinking, Frozen, GhostCollider, Hidden, PlayerControlled};
+
+#[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum StartupSequence {
+    /// Stage 1: Text-only stage
+    /// - Player & ghosts are hidden
+    /// - READY! and PLAYER ONE text are shown
+    /// - Energizers do not blink
+    TextOnly {
+        /// Remaining ticks in this stage
+        remaining_ticks: u32,
+    },
+    /// Stage 2: Characters visible stage
+    /// - PLAYER ONE text is hidden, READY! text remains
+    /// - Ghosts and Pac-Man are now shown
+    CharactersVisible {
+        /// Remaining ticks in this stage
+        remaining_ticks: u32,
+    },
+    /// Stage 3: Game begins
+    /// - Final state, game is fully active
+    GameActive,
+}
+
+impl StartupSequence {
+    /// Creates a new StartupSequence with the specified duration in ticks
+    pub fn new(text_only_ticks: u32, _characters_visible_ticks: u32) -> Self {
+        Self::TextOnly {
+            remaining_ticks: text_only_ticks,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Ticks the timer by one frame, returning transition information if state changes
+    pub fn tick(&mut self) -> Option<(StartupSequence, StartupSequence)> {
+        match self {
+            StartupSequence::TextOnly { remaining_ticks } => {
+                if *remaining_ticks > 0 {
+                    *remaining_ticks -= 1;
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    let from = *self;
+                    *self = StartupSequence::CharactersVisible {
+                        remaining_ticks: 60, // 1 second at 60 FPS
+                    };
+                    Some((from, *self))
+                }
+            }
+            StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { remaining_ticks } => {
+                if *remaining_ticks > 0 {
+                    *remaining_ticks -= 1;
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    let from = *self;
+                    *self = StartupSequence::GameActive;
+                    Some((from, *self))
+                }
+            }
+            StartupSequence::GameActive => None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Handles startup sequence transitions and component management
+pub fn startup_stage_system(
+    mut startup: ResMut<StartupSequence>,
+    mut commands: Commands,
+    mut blinking_query: Query<Entity, With<Blinking>>,
+    mut player_query: Query<Entity, With<PlayerControlled>>,
+    mut ghost_query: Query<Entity, With<GhostCollider>>,
+) {
+    if let Some((from, to)) = startup.tick() {
+        debug!("StartupSequence transition from {from:?} to {to:?}");
+        match (from, to) {
+            (StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. }, StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. }) => {
+                // Unhide the player & ghosts
+                for entity in player_query.iter_mut().chain(ghost_query.iter_mut()) {
+                    commands.entity(entity).remove::<Hidden>();
+                }
+            }
+            (StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. }, StartupSequence::GameActive) => {
+                // Unfreeze the player & ghosts & pellet blinking
+                for entity in player_query
+                    .iter_mut()
+                    .chain(ghost_query.iter_mut())
+                    .chain(blinking_query.iter_mut())
+                {
+                    commands.entity(entity).remove::<Frozen>();
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/src/texture/animated.rs
+++ b/src/texture/animated.rs
@@ -1,63 +1,73 @@
-use crate::error::{AnimatedTextureError, GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
+use crate::map::direction::Direction;
 use crate::texture::sprite::AtlasTile;

-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct AnimatedTexture {
-    tiles: Vec<AtlasTile>,
-    frame_duration: f32,
-    current_frame: usize,
-    time_bank: f32,
+/// Fixed-size tile sequence that avoids heap allocation
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct TileSequence {
+    tiles: [AtlasTile; 4], // Fixed array, max 4 frames
+    count: usize,          // Actual number of frames used
 }

-impl AnimatedTexture {
-    pub fn new(tiles: Vec<AtlasTile>, frame_duration: f32) -> GameResult<Self> {
-        if frame_duration <= 0.0 {
-            return Err(GameError::Texture(TextureError::Animated(
-                AnimatedTextureError::InvalidFrameDuration(frame_duration),
-            )));
-        }
+impl TileSequence {
+    /// Creates a new tile sequence from a slice of tiles
+    pub fn new(tiles: &[AtlasTile]) -> Self {
+        let mut tile_array = [AtlasTile {
+            pos: glam::U16Vec2::ZERO,
+            size: glam::U16Vec2::ZERO,
+            color: None,
+        }; 4];

-        Ok(Self {
-            tiles,
-            frame_duration,
-            current_frame: 0,
-            time_bank: 0.0,
-        })
-    }
+        let count = tiles.len().min(4);
+        tile_array[..count].copy_from_slice(&tiles[..count]);

-    pub fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32) {
-        self.time_bank += dt;
-        while self.time_bank >= self.frame_duration {
-            self.time_bank -= self.frame_duration;
-            self.current_frame = (self.current_frame + 1) % self.tiles.len();
+        Self {
+            tiles: tile_array,
+            count,
        }
    }

-    pub fn current_tile(&self) -> &AtlasTile {
-        &self.tiles[self.current_frame]
+    /// Returns the tile at the given frame index, wrapping if necessary
+    pub fn get_tile(&self, frame: usize) -> AtlasTile {
+        if self.count == 0 {
+            // Return a default empty tile if no tiles
+            AtlasTile {
+                pos: glam::U16Vec2::ZERO,
+                size: glam::U16Vec2::ZERO,
+                color: None,
+            }
+        } else {
+            self.tiles[frame % self.count]
+        }
    }

-    /// Returns the current frame index.
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn current_frame(&self) -> usize {
-        self.current_frame
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the time bank.
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn time_bank(&self) -> f32 {
-        self.time_bank
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the frame duration.
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn frame_duration(&self) -> f32 {
-        self.frame_duration
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the number of tiles in the animation.
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn tiles_len(&self) -> usize {
-        self.tiles.len()
+    /// Returns true if this sequence has no tiles
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.count == 0
+    }
+}
+
+/// Type-safe directional tile storage with named fields
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct DirectionalTiles {
+    pub up: TileSequence,
+    pub down: TileSequence,
+    pub left: TileSequence,
+    pub right: TileSequence,
+}
+
+impl DirectionalTiles {
+    /// Creates a new DirectionalTiles with different sequences per direction
+    pub fn new(up: TileSequence, down: TileSequence, left: TileSequence, right: TileSequence) -> Self {
+        Self { up, down, left, right }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the tile sequence for the given direction
+    pub fn get(&self, direction: Direction) -> &TileSequence {
+        match direction {
+            Direction::Up => &self.up,
+            Direction::Down => &self.down,
+            Direction::Left => &self.left,
+            Direction::Right => &self.right,
+        }
    }
 }
--- a/src/texture/mod.rs
+++ b/src/texture/mod.rs
@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ pub mod animated;
 pub mod blinking;
 pub mod sprite;
 pub mod text;
+pub mod ttf;
--- a/src/texture/sprite.rs
+++ b/src/texture/sprite.rs
@@ -3,22 +3,21 @@ use glam::U16Vec2;
 use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 use sdl2::rect::Rect;
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget, Texture};
-use serde::Deserialize;
 use std::collections::HashMap;

 use crate::error::TextureError;

-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize)]
+/// Atlas frame mapping data loaded from JSON metadata files.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct AtlasMapper {
+    /// Mapping from sprite name to frame bounds within the atlas texture
    pub frames: HashMap<String, MapperFrame>,
 }

-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct MapperFrame {
-    pub x: u16,
-    pub y: u16,
-    pub width: u16,
-    pub height: u16,
+    pub pos: U16Vec2,
+    pub size: U16Vec2,
 }

 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
@@ -72,15 +71,24 @@ impl AtlasTile {
    }
 }

+/// High-performance sprite atlas providing fast texture region lookups and rendering.
+///
+/// Combines a single large texture with metadata mapping to enable efficient
+/// sprite rendering without texture switching. Caches color modulation state
+/// to minimize redundant SDL2 calls and supports both named sprite lookups
+/// and optional default color modulation configuration.
 pub struct SpriteAtlas {
-    texture: Texture<'static>,
+    /// The combined texture containing all sprite frames
+    texture: Texture,
+    /// Mapping from sprite names to their pixel coordinates within the texture
    tiles: HashMap<String, MapperFrame>,
    default_color: Option<Color>,
+    /// Cached color modulation state to avoid redundant SDL2 calls
    last_modulation: Option<Color>,
 }

 impl SpriteAtlas {
-    pub fn new(texture: Texture<'static>, mapper: AtlasMapper) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(texture: Texture, mapper: AtlasMapper) -> Self {
        Self {
            texture,
            tiles: mapper.frames,
@@ -89,10 +97,16 @@ impl SpriteAtlas {
        }
    }

+    /// Retrieves a sprite tile by name from the atlas with fast HashMap lookup.
+    ///
+    /// Returns an `AtlasTile` containing the texture coordinates and dimensions
+    /// for the named sprite, or `None` if the sprite name is not found in the
+    /// atlas. The returned tile can be used for immediate rendering or stored
+    /// for repeated use in animations and entity sprites.
    pub fn get_tile(&self, name: &str) -> Option<AtlasTile> {
        self.tiles.get(name).map(|frame| AtlasTile {
-            pos: U16Vec2::new(frame.x, frame.y),
-            size: U16Vec2::new(frame.width, frame.height),
+            pos: frame.pos,
+            size: frame.size,
            color: None,
        })
    }
@@ -103,7 +117,7 @@ impl SpriteAtlas {
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    pub fn texture(&self) -> &Texture<'static> {
+    pub fn texture(&self) -> &Texture {
        &self.texture
    }

--- a/src/texture/text.rs
+++ b/src/texture/text.rs
@@ -10,10 +10,20 @@
 //!
 //! ```rust
 //! use pacman::texture::text::TextTexture;
+//! use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 //!
 //! // Create a text texture with 1.0 scale (8x8 pixels per character)
 //! let mut text_renderer = TextTexture::new(1.0);
 //!
+//! // Set default color for all text
+//! text_renderer.set_color(Color::WHITE);
+//!
+//! // Render text with default color
+//! text_renderer.render(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, "Hello", position)?;
+//!
+//! // Render text with specific color
+//! text_renderer.render_with_color(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, "World", position, Color::YELLOW)?;
+//!
 //! // Set scale for larger text
 //! text_renderer.set_scale(2.0);
 //!
@@ -46,6 +56,7 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use glam::UVec2;

+use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
 use std::collections::HashMap;

@@ -79,6 +90,7 @@ fn char_to_tile_name(c: char) -> Option<String> {
 pub struct TextTexture {
    char_map: HashMap<char, AtlasTile>,
    scale: f32,
+    default_color: Option<Color>,
 }

 impl Default for TextTexture {
@@ -86,6 +98,7 @@ impl Default for TextTexture {
        Self {
            scale: 1.0,
            char_map: Default::default(),
+            default_color: None,
        }
    }
 }
@@ -119,13 +132,26 @@ impl TextTexture {
        }
    }

-    /// Renders a string of text at the given position.
+    /// Renders a string of text at the given position using the default color.
    pub fn render<C: RenderTarget>(
        &mut self,
        canvas: &mut Canvas<C>,
        atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas,
        text: &str,
        position: UVec2,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        let color = self.default_color.unwrap_or(Color::WHITE);
+        self.render_with_color(canvas, atlas, text, position, color)
+    }
+
+    /// Renders a string of text at the given position with a specific color.
+    pub fn render_with_color<C: RenderTarget>(
+        &mut self,
+        canvas: &mut Canvas<C>,
+        atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas,
+        text: &str,
+        position: UVec2,
+        color: Color,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let mut x_offset = 0;
        let char_width = (8.0 * self.scale) as u32;
@@ -134,9 +160,9 @@ impl TextTexture {
        for c in text.chars() {
            // Get the tile from the char_map, or insert it if it doesn't exist
            if let Some(tile) = self.get_tile(c, atlas)? {
-                // Render the tile if it exists
+                // Render the tile with the specified color
                let dest = sdl2::rect::Rect::new((position.x + x_offset) as i32, position.y as i32, char_width, char_height);
-                tile.render(canvas, atlas, dest)?;
+                tile.render_with_color(canvas, atlas, dest, color)?;
            }

            // Always advance x_offset for all characters (including spaces)
@@ -146,6 +172,16 @@ impl TextTexture {
        Ok(())
    }

+    /// Sets the default color for text rendering.
+    pub fn set_color(&mut self, color: Color) {
+        self.default_color = Some(color);
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current default color.
+    pub fn color(&self) -> Option<Color> {
+        self.default_color
+    }
+
    /// Sets the scale for text rendering.
    pub fn set_scale(&mut self, scale: f32) {
        self.scale = scale;
--- a/src/texture/ttf.rs
+++ b/src/texture/ttf.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+//! TTF font rendering using pre-rendered character atlas.
+//!
+//! This module provides efficient TTF font rendering by pre-rendering all needed
+//! characters into a texture atlas at startup, avoiding expensive SDL2 font
+//! surface-to-texture conversions every frame.
+
+use glam::{UVec2, Vec2};
+use sdl2::pixels::Color;
+use sdl2::rect::Rect;
+use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget, Texture, TextureCreator};
+
+use sdl2::ttf::Font;
+use sdl2::video::WindowContext;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::error::{GameError, TextureError};
+
+/// Character atlas tile representing a single rendered character
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct TtfCharTile {
+    pub pos: UVec2,
+    pub size: UVec2,
+    pub advance: u32, // Character advance width for proportional fonts
+}
+
+/// TTF text atlas containing pre-rendered characters for efficient rendering
+pub struct TtfAtlas {
+    /// The texture containing all rendered characters
+    texture: Texture,
+    /// Mapping from character to its position and size in the atlas
+    char_tiles: HashMap<char, TtfCharTile>,
+    /// Cached color modulation state to avoid redundant SDL2 calls
+    last_modulation: Option<Color>,
+}
+
+const TTF_CHARS: &str = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.,:-/()ms μµ%± ";
+
+impl TtfAtlas {
+    /// Creates a new TTF text atlas by pre-rendering all needed characters.
+    ///
+    /// This should be called once at startup. It renders all characters that might
+    /// be used in text rendering into a single texture atlas for efficient GPU rendering.
+    pub fn new(texture_creator: &TextureCreator<WindowContext>, font: &Font) -> Result<Self, GameError> {
+        // Calculate character dimensions and advance widths for proportional fonts
+        let mut char_tiles = HashMap::new();
+        let mut max_height = 0u32;
+        let mut total_width = 0u32;
+        let mut char_metrics = Vec::new();
+
+        // First pass: measure all characters
+        for c in TTF_CHARS.chars() {
+            if c == ' ' {
+                // Handle space character specially - measure a non-space character for height
+                let space_height = font.size_of("0").map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?.1;
+                let space_advance = font.size_of(" ").map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?.0;
+                char_tiles.insert(
+                    c,
+                    TtfCharTile {
+                        pos: UVec2::ZERO,                  // Will be set during population
+                        size: UVec2::new(0, space_height), // Space has no visual content
+                        advance: space_advance,
+                    },
+                );
+                max_height = max_height.max(space_height);
+                char_metrics.push((c, 0, space_height, space_advance));
+            } else {
+                let (advance, height) = font.size_of(&c.to_string()).map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+                char_tiles.insert(
+                    c,
+                    TtfCharTile {
+                        pos: UVec2::ZERO, // Will be set during population
+                        size: UVec2::new(advance, height),
+                        advance,
+                    },
+                );
+                max_height = max_height.max(height);
+                total_width += advance;
+                char_metrics.push((c, advance, height, advance));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Calculate atlas dimensions (pack characters horizontally for better space utilization)
+        let atlas_size = UVec2::new(total_width, max_height);
+
+        // Create atlas texture as a render target
+        let mut atlas_texture = texture_creator
+            .create_texture_target(None, atlas_size.x, atlas_size.y)
+            .map_err(|e| GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
+        atlas_texture.set_blend_mode(sdl2::render::BlendMode::Blend);
+
+        // Second pass: calculate positions
+        let mut current_x = 0u32;
+        for (c, width, _height, _advance) in char_metrics {
+            if let Some(tile) = char_tiles.get_mut(&c) {
+                tile.pos = UVec2::new(current_x, 0);
+                current_x += width;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            texture: atlas_texture,
+            char_tiles,
+            last_modulation: None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Renders all characters to the atlas texture using a canvas.
+    /// This must be called after creation to populate the atlas.
+    pub fn populate_atlas<C: RenderTarget>(
+        &mut self,
+        canvas: &mut Canvas<C>,
+        texture_creator: &TextureCreator<WindowContext>,
+        font: &Font,
+    ) -> Result<(), GameError> {
+        let mut render_error: Option<GameError> = None;
+
+        let result = canvas.with_texture_canvas(&mut self.texture, |atlas_canvas| {
+            // Clear with transparent background
+            atlas_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RGBA(0, 0, 0, 0));
+            atlas_canvas.clear();
+
+            for c in TTF_CHARS.chars() {
+                if c == ' ' {
+                    // Skip rendering space character - it has no visual content
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Render character to surface
+                let surface = match font.render(&c.to_string()).blended(Color::WHITE) {
+                    Ok(s) => s,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        render_error = Some(GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                };
+
+                // Create texture from surface
+                let char_texture = match texture_creator.create_texture_from_surface(&surface) {
+                    Ok(t) => t,
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        render_error = Some(GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                };
+
+                // Get character tile info
+                let tile = match self.char_tiles.get(&c) {
+                    Some(t) => t,
+                    None => {
+                        render_error = Some(GameError::Sdl(format!("Character '{}' not found in atlas tiles", c)));
+                        return;
+                    }
+                };
+
+                // Copy character to atlas
+                let dest = Rect::new(tile.pos.x as i32, tile.pos.y as i32, tile.size.x, tile.size.y);
+                if let Err(e) = atlas_canvas.copy(&char_texture, None, dest) {
+                    render_error = Some(GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()));
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        // Check the result of with_texture_canvas and any render error
+        if let Err(e) = result {
+            return Err(GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()));
+        }
+
+        if let Some(error) = render_error {
+            return Err(error);
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Gets a character tile from the atlas
+    pub fn get_char_tile(&self, c: char) -> Option<&TtfCharTile> {
+        self.char_tiles.get(&c)
+    }
+}
+
+/// TTF text renderer that uses the pre-rendered character atlas
+pub struct TtfRenderer {
+    scale: f32,
+}
+
+impl TtfRenderer {
+    pub fn new(scale: f32) -> Self {
+        Self { scale }
+    }
+
+    /// Renders a string of text at the given position with the specified color
+    pub fn render_text<C: RenderTarget>(
+        &self,
+        canvas: &mut Canvas<C>,
+        atlas: &mut TtfAtlas,
+        text: &str,
+        position: Vec2,
+        color: Color,
+    ) -> Result<(), TextureError> {
+        let mut x_offset = 0.0;
+
+        // Apply color modulation once at the beginning if needed
+        if atlas.last_modulation != Some(color) {
+            atlas.texture.set_color_mod(color.r, color.g, color.b);
+            atlas.texture.set_alpha_mod(color.a);
+            atlas.last_modulation = Some(color);
+        }
+
+        for c in text.chars() {
+            // Get character tile info first to avoid borrowing conflicts
+            let char_tile = atlas.get_char_tile(c);
+
+            if let Some(char_tile) = char_tile {
+                if char_tile.size.x > 0 && char_tile.size.y > 0 {
+                    // Only render non-space characters
+                    let dest = Rect::new(
+                        (position.x + x_offset) as i32,
+                        position.y as i32,
+                        (char_tile.size.x as f32 * self.scale) as u32,
+                        (char_tile.size.y as f32 * self.scale) as u32,
+                    );
+
+                    // Render the character directly
+                    let src = Rect::new(
+                        char_tile.pos.x as i32,
+                        char_tile.pos.y as i32,
+                        char_tile.size.x,
+                        char_tile.size.y,
+                    );
+                    canvas.copy(&atlas.texture, src, dest).map_err(TextureError::RenderFailed)?;
+                }
+
+                // Advance by character advance width (proportional spacing)
+                x_offset += char_tile.advance as f32 * self.scale;
+            } else {
+                // Fallback for unsupported characters - use a reasonable default
+                x_offset += 8.0 * self.scale;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Calculate the width of a text string in pixels
+    pub fn text_width(&self, atlas: &TtfAtlas, text: &str) -> u32 {
+        let mut total_width = 0u32;
+
+        for c in text.chars() {
+            if let Some(char_tile) = atlas.get_char_tile(c) {
+                total_width += (char_tile.advance as f32 * self.scale) as u32;
+            } else {
+                // Fallback for unsupported characters
+                total_width += (8.0 * self.scale) as u32;
+            }
+        }
+
+        total_width
+    }
+
+    /// Calculate the height of text in pixels
+    pub fn text_height(&self, atlas: &TtfAtlas) -> u32 {
+        // Find the maximum height among all characters
+        atlas
+            .char_tiles
+            .values()
+            .map(|tile| tile.size.y)
+            .max()
+            .unwrap_or(0)
+            .saturating_mul(self.scale as u32)
+    }
+}
--- a/tests/animated.rs
+++ b/tests/animated.rs
@@ -1,62 +1,57 @@
-use glam::U16Vec2;
-use pacman::error::{AnimatedTextureError, GameError, TextureError};
-use pacman::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
-use pacman::texture::sprite::AtlasTile;
-use sdl2::pixels::Color;
+// use glam::U16Vec2;
+// use pacman::error::{AnimatedTextureError, GameError, TextureError};
+// use pacman::texture::sprite::AtlasTile;
+// use sdl2::pixels::Color;
+// use smallvec::smallvec;

-fn mock_atlas_tile(id: u32) -> AtlasTile {
-    AtlasTile {
-        pos: U16Vec2::new(0, 0),
-        size: U16Vec2::new(16, 16),
-        color: Some(Color::RGB(id as u8, 0, 0)),
-    }
-}
+// fn mock_atlas_tile(id: u32) -> AtlasTile {
+//     AtlasTile {
+//         pos: U16Vec2::new(0, 0),
+//         size: U16Vec2::new(16, 16),
+//         color: Some(Color::RGB(id as u8, 0, 0)),
+//     }
+// }

-#[test]
-fn test_animated_texture_creation_errors() {
-    let tiles = vec![mock_atlas_tile(1), mock_atlas_tile(2)];
+// #[test]
+// fn test_animated_texture_creation_errors() {
+//     let tiles = smallvec![mock_atlas_tile(1), mock_atlas_tile(2)];

-    assert!(matches!(
-        AnimatedTexture::new(tiles.clone(), 0.0).unwrap_err(),
-        GameError::Texture(TextureError::Animated(AnimatedTextureError::InvalidFrameDuration(0.0)))
-    ));
+//     assert!(matches!(
+//         AnimatedTexture::new(tiles.clone(), 0).unwrap_err(),
+//         GameError::Texture(TextureError::Animated(AnimatedTextureError::InvalidFrameDuration(0)))
+//     ));
+// }

-    assert!(matches!(
-        AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, -0.1).unwrap_err(),
-        GameError::Texture(TextureError::Animated(AnimatedTextureError::InvalidFrameDuration(-0.1)))
-    ));
-}
+// #[test]
+// fn test_animated_texture_advancement() {
+//     let tiles = smallvec![mock_atlas_tile(1), mock_atlas_tile(2), mock_atlas_tile(3)];
+//     let mut texture = AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, 10).unwrap();

-#[test]
-fn test_animated_texture_advancement() {
-    let tiles = vec![mock_atlas_tile(1), mock_atlas_tile(2), mock_atlas_tile(3)];
-    let mut texture = AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, 0.1).unwrap();
+//     assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 0);

-    assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 0);
+//     texture.tick(25);
+//     assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 2);
+//     assert_eq!(texture.time_bank(), 5);
+// }

-    texture.tick(0.25);
-    assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 2);
-    assert!((texture.time_bank() - 0.05).abs() < 0.001);
-}
+// #[test]
+// fn test_animated_texture_wrap_around() {
+//     let tiles = smallvec![mock_atlas_tile(1), mock_atlas_tile(2)];
+//     let mut texture = AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, 10).unwrap();

-#[test]
-fn test_animated_texture_wrap_around() {
-    let tiles = vec![mock_atlas_tile(1), mock_atlas_tile(2)];
-    let mut texture = AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, 0.1).unwrap();
+//     texture.tick(10);
+//     assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 1);

-    texture.tick(0.1);
-    assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 1);
+//     texture.tick(10);
+//     assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 0);
+// }

-    texture.tick(0.1);
-    assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 0);
-}
+// #[test]
+// fn test_animated_texture_single_frame() {
+//     let tiles = smallvec![mock_atlas_tile(1)];
+//     let mut texture = AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, 10).unwrap();

-#[test]
-fn test_animated_texture_single_frame() {
-    let tiles = vec![mock_atlas_tile(1)];
-    let mut texture = AnimatedTexture::new(tiles, 0.1).unwrap();
-
-    texture.tick(0.1);
-    assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 0);
-    assert_eq!(texture.current_tile().color.unwrap().r, 1);
-}
+//     texture.tick(10);
+//     assert_eq!(texture.current_frame(), 0);
+//     assert_eq!(texture.current_tile().color.unwrap().r, 1);
+// }
--- a/tests/asset.rs
+++ b/tests/asset.rs
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-use pacman::asset::Asset;
-use std::path::Path;
-use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
-
-#[test]
-fn test_asset_paths_valid() {
-    let base_path = Path::new("assets/game/");
-
-    for asset in Asset::iter() {
-        let path = base_path.join(asset.path());
-        assert!(path.exists(), "Asset path does not exist: {:?}", path);
-        assert!(path.is_file(), "Asset path is not a file: {:?}", path);
-    }
-}
--- a/tests/collision.rs
+++ b/tests/collision.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{entity::Entity, event::Events, system::RunSystemOnce, world::World};
+
+use pacman::{
+    error::GameError,
+    events::GameEvent,
+    map::builder::Map,
+    systems::{
+        check_collision, collision_system, Collider, EntityType, Ghost, GhostCollider, ItemCollider, NodeId, PacmanCollider,
+        Position,
+    },
+};
+
+fn create_test_world() -> World {
+    let mut world = World::new();
+
+    // Add required resources
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameEvent>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameError>::default());
+
+    // Add a minimal test map
+    world.insert_resource(create_test_map());
+
+    world
+}
+
+fn create_test_map() -> Map {
+    use pacman::constants::RAW_BOARD;
+    Map::new(RAW_BOARD).expect("Failed to create test map")
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_pacman(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((Position::Stopped { node: 0 }, Collider { size: 10.0 }, PacmanCollider))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_item(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node: 0 },
+            Collider { size: 8.0 },
+            ItemCollider,
+            EntityType::Pellet,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_ghost(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node: 0 },
+            Collider { size: 12.0 },
+            GhostCollider,
+            Ghost::Blinky,
+            EntityType::Ghost,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_ghost_at_node(world: &mut World, node: usize) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node: node as NodeId },
+            Collider { size: 12.0 },
+            GhostCollider,
+            Ghost::Blinky,
+            EntityType::Ghost,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collider_collision_detection() {
+    let collider1 = Collider { size: 10.0 };
+    let collider2 = Collider { size: 8.0 };
+
+    // Test collision detection
+    assert!(collider1.collides_with(collider2.size, 5.0)); // Should collide (distance < 9.0)
+    assert!(!collider1.collides_with(collider2.size, 15.0)); // Should not collide (distance > 9.0)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_check_collision_helper() {
+    let map = create_test_map();
+    let pos1 = Position::Stopped { node: 0 };
+    let pos2 = Position::Stopped { node: 0 }; // Same position
+    let collider1 = Collider { size: 10.0 };
+    let collider2 = Collider { size: 8.0 };
+
+    // Test collision at same position
+    let result = check_collision(&pos1, &collider1, &pos2, &collider2, &map);
+    assert!(result.is_ok());
+    assert!(result.unwrap()); // Should collide at same position
+
+    // Test collision at different positions
+    let pos3 = Position::Stopped { node: 1 }; // Different position
+    let result = check_collision(&pos1, &collider1, &pos3, &collider2, &map);
+    assert!(result.is_ok());
+    // May or may not collide depending on actual node positions
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_pacman_item() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _item = spawn_test_item(&mut world);
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_pacman_ghost() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _ghost = spawn_test_ghost(&mut world);
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_no_collision() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _ghost = spawn_test_ghost_at_node(&mut world, 1); // Different node
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_multiple_entities() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _item = spawn_test_item(&mut world);
+    let _ghost = spawn_test_ghost(&mut world);
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
--- a/tests/common/mod.rs
+++ b/tests/common/mod.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use pacman::{
 };
 use sdl2::{
    image::LoadTexture,
-    render::{Canvas, Texture, TextureCreator},
+    render::{Canvas, TextureCreator},
    video::{Window, WindowContext},
    Sdl,
 };
@@ -28,10 +28,9 @@ pub fn setup_sdl() -> Result<(Canvas<Window>, TextureCreator<WindowContext>, Sdl

 pub fn create_atlas(canvas: &mut sdl2::render::Canvas<sdl2::video::Window>) -> SpriteAtlas {
    let texture_creator = canvas.texture_creator();
-    let atlas_bytes = get_asset_bytes(Asset::Atlas).unwrap();
+    let atlas_bytes = get_asset_bytes(Asset::AtlasImage).unwrap();

    let texture = texture_creator.load_texture_bytes(&atlas_bytes).unwrap();
-    let texture: Texture<'static> = unsafe { std::mem::transmute(texture) };

    let atlas_mapper = AtlasMapper {
        frames: ATLAS_FRAMES.into_iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), *v)).collect(),
--- a/tests/constants.rs
+++ b/tests/constants.rs
@@ -2,27 +2,34 @@ use pacman::constants::*;

 #[test]
 fn test_raw_board_structure() {
+    // Test board dimensions match expected size
    assert_eq!(RAW_BOARD.len(), BOARD_CELL_SIZE.y as usize);
-
    for row in RAW_BOARD.iter() {
        assert_eq!(row.len(), BOARD_CELL_SIZE.x as usize);
    }

-    // Test boundaries
+    // Test boundaries are properly walled
    assert!(RAW_BOARD[0].chars().all(|c| c == '#'));
    assert!(RAW_BOARD[RAW_BOARD.len() - 1].chars().all(|c| c == '#'));
-
-    // Test tunnel row
-    let tunnel_row = RAW_BOARD[14];
-    assert_eq!(tunnel_row.chars().next().unwrap(), 'T');
-    assert_eq!(tunnel_row.chars().last().unwrap(), 'T');
 }

 #[test]
-fn test_raw_board_content() {
-    let power_pellet_count = RAW_BOARD.iter().flat_map(|row| row.chars()).filter(|&c| c == 'o').count();
-    assert_eq!(power_pellet_count, 4);
-
-    assert!(RAW_BOARD.iter().any(|row| row.contains('X')));
-    assert!(RAW_BOARD.iter().any(|row| row.contains("==")));
+fn test_raw_board_contains_required_elements() {
+    // Test that essential game elements are present
+    assert!(
+        RAW_BOARD.iter().any(|row| row.contains('X')),
+        "Board should contain Pac-Man start position"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        RAW_BOARD.iter().any(|row| row.contains("==")),
+        "Board should contain ghost house door"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        RAW_BOARD.iter().any(|row| row.chars().any(|c| c == 'T')),
+        "Board should contain tunnel entrances"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        RAW_BOARD.iter().any(|row| row.chars().any(|c| c == 'o')),
+        "Board should contain power pellets"
+    );
 }
--- a/tests/debug_rendering.rs
+++ b/tests/debug_rendering.rs
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-use glam::Vec2;
-use pacman::entity::graph::{Graph, Node};
-use pacman::map::render::MapRenderer;
-
-#[test]
-fn test_find_nearest_node() {
-    let mut graph = Graph::new();
-
-    // Add some test nodes
-    let node1 = graph.add_node(Node {
-        position: Vec2::new(10.0, 10.0),
-    });
-    let node2 = graph.add_node(Node {
-        position: Vec2::new(50.0, 50.0),
-    });
-    let node3 = graph.add_node(Node {
-        position: Vec2::new(100.0, 100.0),
-    });
-
-    // Test cursor near node1
-    let cursor_pos = Vec2::new(12.0, 8.0);
-    let nearest = MapRenderer::find_nearest_node(&graph, cursor_pos);
-    assert_eq!(nearest, Some(node1));
-
-    // Test cursor near node2
-    let cursor_pos = Vec2::new(45.0, 55.0);
-    let nearest = MapRenderer::find_nearest_node(&graph, cursor_pos);
-    assert_eq!(nearest, Some(node2));
-
-    // Test cursor near node3
-    let cursor_pos = Vec2::new(98.0, 102.0);
-    let nearest = MapRenderer::find_nearest_node(&graph, cursor_pos);
-    assert_eq!(nearest, Some(node3));
-}
--- a/tests/direction.rs
+++ b/tests/direction.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use glam::IVec2;
-use pacman::entity::direction::*;
+use glam::I8Vec2;
+use pacman::map::direction::*;

 #[test]
 fn test_direction_opposite() {
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ fn test_direction_opposite() {
 #[test]
 fn test_direction_as_ivec2() {
    let test_cases = [
-        (Direction::Up, -IVec2::Y),
-        (Direction::Down, IVec2::Y),
-        (Direction::Left, -IVec2::X),
-        (Direction::Right, IVec2::X),
+        (Direction::Up, -I8Vec2::Y),
+        (Direction::Down, I8Vec2::Y),
+        (Direction::Left, -I8Vec2::X),
+        (Direction::Right, I8Vec2::X),
    ];

    for (dir, expected) in test_cases {
        assert_eq!(dir.as_ivec2(), expected);
-        assert_eq!(IVec2::from(dir), expected);
+        assert_eq!(I8Vec2::from(dir), expected);
    }
 }
--- a/tests/error.rs
+++ b/tests/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+use pacman::error::{
+    AssetError, EntityError, GameError, GameResult, IntoGameError, MapError, OptionExt, ParseError, ResultExt, TextureError,
+};
+use std::io;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_error_from_asset_error() {
+    let asset_error = AssetError::NotFound("test.png".to_string());
+    let game_error: GameError = asset_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(game_error, GameError::Asset(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_error_from_parse_error() {
+    let parse_error = ParseError::UnknownCharacter('Z');
+    let game_error: GameError = parse_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(game_error, GameError::MapParse(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_error_from_map_error() {
+    let map_error = MapError::NodeNotFound(42);
+    let game_error: GameError = map_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(game_error, GameError::Map(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_error_from_texture_error() {
+    let texture_error = TextureError::LoadFailed("Failed to load".to_string());
+    let game_error: GameError = texture_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(game_error, GameError::Texture(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_error_from_entity_error() {
+    let entity_error = EntityError::NodeNotFound(10);
+    let game_error: GameError = entity_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(game_error, GameError::Entity(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_error_from_io_error() {
+    let io_error = io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::NotFound, "File not found");
+    let game_error: GameError = io_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(game_error, GameError::Io(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_asset_error_from_io_error() {
+    let io_error = io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::PermissionDenied, "Permission denied");
+    let asset_error: AssetError = io_error.into();
+    assert!(matches!(asset_error, AssetError::Io(_)));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_parse_error_display() {
+    let error = ParseError::UnknownCharacter('!');
+    assert_eq!(error.to_string(), "Unknown character in board: !");
+
+    let error = ParseError::InvalidHouseDoorCount(3);
+    assert_eq!(error.to_string(), "House door must have exactly 2 positions, found 3");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_entity_error_display() {
+    let error = EntityError::NodeNotFound(42);
+    assert_eq!(error.to_string(), "Node not found in graph: 42");
+
+    let error = EntityError::EdgeNotFound { from: 1, to: 2 };
+    assert_eq!(error.to_string(), "Edge not found: from 1 to 2");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_into_game_error_trait() {
+    let result: Result<i32, io::Error> = Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "test error"));
+    let game_result: GameResult<i32> = result.into_game_error();
+
+    assert!(game_result.is_err());
+    if let Err(GameError::InvalidState(msg)) = game_result {
+        assert!(msg.contains("test error"));
+    } else {
+        panic!("Expected InvalidState error");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_into_game_error_trait_success() {
+    let result: Result<i32, io::Error> = Ok(42);
+    let game_result: GameResult<i32> = result.into_game_error();
+
+    assert_eq!(game_result.unwrap(), 42);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_option_ext_some() {
+    let option: Option<i32> = Some(42);
+    let result: GameResult<i32> = option.ok_or_game_error(|| GameError::InvalidState("Not found".to_string()));
+
+    assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), 42);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_option_ext_none() {
+    let option: Option<i32> = None;
+    let result: GameResult<i32> = option.ok_or_game_error(|| GameError::InvalidState("Not found".to_string()));
+
+    assert!(result.is_err());
+    if let Err(GameError::InvalidState(msg)) = result {
+        assert_eq!(msg, "Not found");
+    } else {
+        panic!("Expected InvalidState error");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_result_ext_success() {
+    let result: Result<i32, io::Error> = Ok(42);
+    let game_result: GameResult<i32> = result.with_context(|_| GameError::InvalidState("Context".to_string()));
+
+    assert_eq!(game_result.unwrap(), 42);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_result_ext_error() {
+    let result: Result<i32, io::Error> = Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, "original error"));
+    let game_result: GameResult<i32> = result.with_context(|_| GameError::InvalidState("Context error".to_string()));
+
+    assert!(game_result.is_err());
+    if let Err(GameError::InvalidState(msg)) = game_result {
+        assert_eq!(msg, "Context error");
+    } else {
+        panic!("Expected InvalidState error");
+    }
+}
--- a/tests/events.rs
+++ b/tests/events.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+use pacman::events::{GameCommand, GameEvent};
+use pacman::map::direction::Direction;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_game_command_to_game_event_conversion_all_variants() {
+    let commands = vec![
+        GameCommand::Exit,
+        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up),
+        GameCommand::ToggleDebug,
+        GameCommand::MuteAudio,
+        GameCommand::ResetLevel,
+        GameCommand::TogglePause,
+    ];
+
+    for command in commands {
+        let event: GameEvent = command.into();
+        assert_eq!(event, GameEvent::Command(command));
+    }
+}
--- a/tests/formatting.rs
+++ b/tests/formatting.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-use itertools::izip;
-use pacman::systems::formatting::format_timing_display;
-use smallvec::SmallVec;
+use pacman::systems::profiling::format_timing_display;
 use std::time::Duration;

 use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
@@ -21,7 +19,7 @@ fn get_formatted_output() -> impl IntoIterator<Item = String> {
 }

 #[test]
-fn test_formatting_alignment() {
+fn test_complex_formatting_alignment() {
    let mut colon_positions = vec![];
    let mut first_decimal_positions = vec![];
    let mut second_decimal_positions = vec![];
@@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ fn test_formatting_alignment() {

    // Assert that all positions were found
    assert_eq!(
-        vec![
+        [
            &colon_positions,
            &first_decimal_positions,
            &second_decimal_positions,
@@ -95,3 +93,73 @@ fn test_formatting_alignment() {
        second_unit_positions
    );
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_format_timing_display_basic() {
+    let timing_data = vec![
+        ("render".to_string(), Duration::from_micros(1500), Duration::from_micros(200)),
+        ("input".to_string(), Duration::from_micros(300), Duration::from_micros(50)),
+        ("physics".to_string(), Duration::from_nanos(750), Duration::from_nanos(100)),
+    ];
+
+    let formatted = format_timing_display(timing_data);
+
+    // Should have 3 lines (one for each system)
+    assert_eq!(formatted.len(), 3);
+
+    // Each line should contain the system name
+    assert!(formatted.iter().any(|line| line.contains("render")));
+    assert!(formatted.iter().any(|line| line.contains("input")));
+    assert!(formatted.iter().any(|line| line.contains("physics")));
+
+    // Each line should contain timing information with proper units
+    for line in formatted.iter() {
+        assert!(line.contains(":"), "Line should contain colon separator: {}", line);
+        assert!(line.contains("±"), "Line should contain ± symbol: {}", line);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_format_timing_display_units() {
+    let timing_data = vec![
+        ("seconds".to_string(), Duration::from_secs(2), Duration::from_millis(100)),
+        ("millis".to_string(), Duration::from_millis(15), Duration::from_micros(200)),
+        ("micros".to_string(), Duration::from_micros(500), Duration::from_nanos(50)),
+        ("nanos".to_string(), Duration::from_nanos(250), Duration::from_nanos(25)),
+    ];
+
+    let formatted = format_timing_display(timing_data);
+
+    // Check that appropriate units are used
+    let all_lines = formatted.join(" ");
+    assert!(all_lines.contains("s"), "Should contain seconds unit");
+    assert!(all_lines.contains("ms"), "Should contain milliseconds unit");
+    assert!(all_lines.contains("µs"), "Should contain microseconds unit");
+    assert!(all_lines.contains("ns"), "Should contain nanoseconds unit");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_format_timing_display_alignment() {
+    let timing_data = vec![
+        ("short".to_string(), Duration::from_micros(100), Duration::from_micros(10)),
+        (
+            "very_long_name".to_string(),
+            Duration::from_micros(200),
+            Duration::from_micros(20),
+        ),
+    ];
+
+    let formatted = format_timing_display(timing_data);
+
+    // Find colon positions - they should be aligned
+    let colon_positions: Vec<usize> = formatted.iter().map(|line| line.find(':').unwrap_or(0)).collect();
+
+    // All colons should be at the same position (aligned)
+    if colon_positions.len() > 1 {
+        let first_pos = colon_positions[0];
+        assert!(
+            colon_positions.iter().all(|&pos| pos == first_pos),
+            "Colons should be aligned at the same position"
+        );
+    }
+}
--- a/tests/game.rs
+++ b/tests/game.rs
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-use pacman::constants::RAW_BOARD;
-use pacman::map::builder::Map;
-
-mod item;
-
-#[test]
-fn test_game_map_creation() {
-    let map = Map::new(RAW_BOARD).unwrap();
-
-    assert!(map.graph.node_count() > 0);
-    assert!(!map.grid_to_node.is_empty());
-}
--- a/tests/graph.rs
+++ b/tests/graph.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use pacman::entity::direction::Direction;
-use pacman::entity::graph::{Graph, Node, TraversalFlags};
+use pacman::map::direction::Direction;
+use pacman::map::graph::{Graph, Node, TraversalFlags};

 fn create_test_graph() -> Graph {
    let mut graph = Graph::new();
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ fn test_graph_basic_operations() {
        position: glam::Vec2::new(16.0, 0.0),
    });

-    assert_eq!(graph.node_count(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(graph.nodes().count(), 2);
    assert!(graph.get_node(node1).is_some());
    assert!(graph.get_node(node2).is_some());
    assert!(graph.get_node(999).is_none());
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ fn should_add_connected_node() {
        )
        .unwrap();

-    assert_eq!(graph.node_count(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(graph.nodes().count(), 2);
    let edge = graph.find_edge(node1, node2);
    assert!(edge.is_some());
    assert_eq!(edge.unwrap().direction, Direction::Right);
--- a/tests/helpers.rs
+++ b/tests/helpers.rs
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-use glam::{IVec2, UVec2};
-use pacman::helpers::centered_with_size;
-
-#[test]
-fn test_centered_with_size() {
-    let test_cases = [
-        ((100, 100), (50, 30), (75, 85)),
-        ((50, 50), (51, 31), (25, 35)),
-        ((0, 0), (100, 100), (-50, -50)),
-        ((-100, -50), (80, 40), (-140, -70)),
-        ((1000, 1000), (1000, 1000), (500, 500)),
-    ];
-
-    for ((pos_x, pos_y), (size_x, size_y), (expected_x, expected_y)) in test_cases {
-        let rect = centered_with_size(IVec2::new(pos_x, pos_y), UVec2::new(size_x, size_y));
-        assert_eq!(rect.origin(), (expected_x, expected_y));
-        assert_eq!(rect.size(), (size_x, size_y));
-    }
-}
--- a/tests/hud.rs
+++ b/tests/hud.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{event::Events, world::World};
+
+use pacman::{error::GameError, systems::components::ScoreResource};
+
+fn create_test_world() -> World {
+    let mut world = World::new();
+
+    // Add required resources
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameError>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(1230)); // Test score
+
+    world
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_hud_render_system_runs_without_error() {
+    let world = create_test_world();
+
+    // The HUD render system requires SDL2 resources that aren't available in tests,
+    // but we can at least verify it doesn't panic when called
+    // In a real test environment, we'd need to mock the SDL2 canvas and atlas
+
+    // For now, just verify the score resource is accessible
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 1230);
+}
--- a/tests/input.rs
+++ b/tests/input.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+use pacman::events::{GameCommand, GameEvent};
+use pacman::map::direction::Direction;
+use pacman::systems::input::{process_simple_key_events, Bindings, SimpleKeyEvent};
+use sdl2::keyboard::Keycode;
+
+#[test]
+fn resumes_previous_direction_when_secondary_key_released() {
+    let mut bindings = Bindings::default();
+
+    // Frame 1: Press W (Up) => emits Move Up
+    let events = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &[SimpleKeyEvent::KeyDown(Keycode::W)]);
+    assert!(events.contains(&GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up))));
+
+    // Frame 2: Press D (Right) => emits Move Right
+    let events = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &[SimpleKeyEvent::KeyDown(Keycode::D)]);
+    assert!(events.contains(&GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Right))));
+
+    // Frame 3: Release D, no new key this frame => should continue previous key W (Up)
+    let events = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &[SimpleKeyEvent::KeyUp(Keycode::D)]);
+    assert!(events.contains(&GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up))));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn holds_last_pressed_key_across_frames_when_no_new_input() {
+    let mut bindings = Bindings::default();
+
+    // Frame 1: Press Left
+    let events = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &[SimpleKeyEvent::KeyDown(Keycode::Left)]);
+    assert!(events.contains(&GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left))));
+
+    // Frame 2: No input => continues Left
+    let events = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &[]);
+    assert!(events.contains(&GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left))));
+
+    // Frame 3: Release Left, no input remains => nothing emitted
+    let events = process_simple_key_events(&mut bindings, &[SimpleKeyEvent::KeyUp(Keycode::Left)]);
+    assert!(events.is_empty());
+}
--- a/tests/item.rs
+++ b/tests/item.rs
@@ -1,46 +1,302 @@
-// use glam::U16Vec2;
-// use pacman::texture::sprite::{AtlasTile, Sprite};
+use bevy_ecs::{entity::Entity, event::Events, system::RunSystemOnce, world::World};

-// #[test]
-// fn test_item_type_get_score() {
-//     assert_eq!(ItemType::Pellet.get_score(), 10);
-//     assert_eq!(ItemType::Energizer.get_score(), 50);
+use pacman::{
+    events::GameEvent,
+    map::builder::Map,
+    systems::{
+        is_valid_item_collision, item_system, AudioEvent, AudioState, EntityType, Ghost, GhostCollider, GhostState, ItemCollider,
+        PacmanCollider, Position, ScoreResource,
+    },
+};

-//     let fruit = ItemType::Fruit { kind: FruitKind::Apple };
-//     assert_eq!(fruit.get_score(), 100);
-// }
+#[test]
+fn test_calculate_score_for_item() {
+    assert!(EntityType::Pellet.score_value() < EntityType::PowerPellet.score_value());
+    assert!(EntityType::Pellet.score_value().is_some());
+    assert!(EntityType::PowerPellet.score_value().is_some());
+    assert!(EntityType::Player.score_value().is_none());
+    assert!(EntityType::Ghost.score_value().is_none());
+}

-// #[test]
-// fn test_fruit_kind_increasing_score() {
-//     // Build a list of fruit kinds, sorted by their index
-//     let mut kinds = FruitKind::iter()
-//         .map(|kind| (kind.index(), kind.get_score()))
-//         .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-//     kinds.sort_unstable_by_key(|(index, _)| *index);
+#[test]
+fn test_is_collectible_item() {
+    // Collectible
+    assert!(EntityType::Pellet.is_collectible());
+    assert!(EntityType::PowerPellet.is_collectible());

-//     assert_eq!(kinds.len(), FruitKind::COUNT);
+    // Non-collectible
+    assert!(!EntityType::Player.is_collectible());
+    assert!(!EntityType::Ghost.is_collectible());
+}

-//     // Check that the score increases as expected
-//     for window in kinds.windows(2) {
-//         let ((_, prev), (_, next)) = (window[0], window[1]);
-//         assert!(prev < next, "Fruits should have increasing scores, but {prev:?} < {next:?}");
-//     }
-// }
+#[test]
+fn test_is_valid_item_collision() {
+    // Player-item collisions should be valid
+    assert!(is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Player, EntityType::Pellet));
+    assert!(is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Player, EntityType::PowerPellet));
+    assert!(is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Pellet, EntityType::Player));
+    assert!(is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::PowerPellet, EntityType::Player));

-// #[test]
-// fn test_item_creation_and_collection() {
-//     let atlas_tile = AtlasTile {
-//         pos: U16Vec2::new(0, 0),
-//         size: U16Vec2::new(16, 16),
-//         color: None,
-//     };
-//     let sprite = Sprite::new(atlas_tile);
-//     let mut item = Item::new(0, ItemType::Pellet, sprite);
+    // Non-player-item collisions should be invalid
+    assert!(!is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Player, EntityType::Ghost));
+    assert!(!is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Ghost, EntityType::Pellet));
+    assert!(!is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Pellet, EntityType::PowerPellet));
+    assert!(!is_valid_item_collision(EntityType::Player, EntityType::Player));
+}

-//     assert!(!item.is_collected());
-//     assert_eq!(item.get_score(), 10);
-//     assert_eq!(item.position().from_node_id(), 0);
+fn create_test_world() -> World {
+    let mut world = World::new();

-//     item.collect();
-//     assert!(item.is_collected());
-// }
+    // Add required resources
+    world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(0));
+    world.insert_resource(AudioState::default());
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameEvent>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<AudioEvent>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<pacman::error::GameError>::default());
+
+    // Add a minimal test map
+    world.insert_resource(create_test_map());
+
+    world
+}
+
+fn create_test_map() -> Map {
+    use pacman::constants::RAW_BOARD;
+    Map::new(RAW_BOARD).expect("Failed to create test map")
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_pacman(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((Position::Stopped { node: 0 }, EntityType::Player, PacmanCollider))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_item(world: &mut World, item_type: EntityType) -> Entity {
+    world.spawn((Position::Stopped { node: 1 }, item_type, ItemCollider)).id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_ghost(world: &mut World, ghost_state: GhostState) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node: 2 },
+            Ghost::Blinky,
+            EntityType::Ghost,
+            GhostCollider,
+            ghost_state,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn send_collision_event(world: &mut World, entity1: Entity, entity2: Entity) {
+    let mut events = world.resource_mut::<Events<GameEvent>>();
+    events.send(GameEvent::Collision(entity1, entity2));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_pellet_collection() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::Pellet);
+
+    // Send collision event
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, pellet);
+
+    // Run the item system
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that score was updated
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 10);
+
+    // Check that the pellet was despawned (query should return empty)
+    let item_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::Pellet))
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(item_count, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_power_pellet_collection() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let power_pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::PowerPellet);
+
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, power_pellet);
+
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that score was updated with power pellet value
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 50);
+
+    // Check that the power pellet was despawned (query should return empty)
+    let item_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::PowerPellet))
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(item_count, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_multiple_collections() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let pellet1 = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::Pellet);
+    let pellet2 = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::Pellet);
+    let power_pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::PowerPellet);
+
+    // Send multiple collision events
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, pellet1);
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, pellet2);
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, power_pellet);
+
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check final score: 2 pellets (20) + 1 power pellet (50) = 70
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 70);
+
+    // Check that all items were despawned
+    let pellet_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::Pellet))
+        .count();
+    let power_pellet_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::PowerPellet))
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(pellet_count, 0);
+    assert_eq!(power_pellet_count, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_ignores_non_item_collisions() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+
+    // Create a ghost entity (not an item)
+    let ghost = world.spawn((Position::Stopped { node: 2 }, EntityType::Ghost)).id();
+
+    // Initial score
+    let initial_score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>().0;
+
+    // Send collision event between pacman and ghost
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, ghost);
+
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Score should remain unchanged
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, initial_score);
+
+    // Ghost should still exist (not despawned)
+    let ghost_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::Ghost))
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(ghost_count, 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_no_collision_events() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::Pellet);
+
+    let initial_score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>().0;
+
+    // Run system without any collision events
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Nothing should change
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, initial_score);
+    let pellet_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::Pellet))
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(pellet_count, 1);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_collision_with_missing_entity() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+
+    // Create a fake entity ID that doesn't exist
+    let fake_entity = Entity::from_raw(999);
+
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, fake_entity);
+
+    // System should handle gracefully and not crash
+    world
+        .run_system_once(item_system)
+        .expect("System should handle missing entities gracefully");
+
+    // Score should remain unchanged
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_item_system_preserves_existing_score() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+
+    // Set initial score
+    world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(100));
+
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::Pellet);
+
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, pellet);
+
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Score should be initial + pellet value
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 110);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_power_pellet_does_not_affect_ghosts_in_eyes_state() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let power_pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::PowerPellet);
+
+    // Spawn a ghost in Eyes state (returning to ghost house)
+    let eyes_ghost = spawn_test_ghost(&mut world, GhostState::Eyes);
+
+    // Spawn a ghost in Normal state
+    let normal_ghost = spawn_test_ghost(&mut world, GhostState::Normal);
+
+    send_collision_event(&mut world, pacman, power_pellet);
+
+    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that the power pellet was collected and score updated
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 50);
+
+    // Check that the power pellet was despawned
+    let power_pellet_count = world
+        .query::<&EntityType>()
+        .iter(&world)
+        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::PowerPellet))
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(power_pellet_count, 0);
+
+    // Check that the Eyes ghost state was not changed
+    let eyes_ghost_state = world.entity(eyes_ghost).get::<GhostState>().unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(*eyes_ghost_state, GhostState::Eyes));
+
+    // Check that the Normal ghost state was changed to Frightened
+    let normal_ghost_state = world.entity(normal_ghost).get::<GhostState>().unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(*normal_ghost_state, GhostState::Frightened { .. }));
+}
--- a/tests/map_builder.rs
+++ b/tests/map_builder.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use pacman::map::builder::Map;
 fn test_map_creation() {
    let map = Map::new(RAW_BOARD).unwrap();

-    assert!(map.graph.node_count() > 0);
+    assert!(map.graph.nodes().count() > 0);
    assert!(!map.grid_to_node.is_empty());

    // Check that some connections were made
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@ fn test_map_node_positions() {

    for (grid_pos, &node_id) in &map.grid_to_node {
        let node = map.graph.get_node(node_id).unwrap();
-        let expected_pos = Vec2::new((grid_pos.x * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32, (grid_pos.y * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32)
-            + Vec2::splat(CELL_SIZE as f32 / 2.0);
+        let expected_pos = Vec2::new(
+            (grid_pos.x as i32 * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
+            (grid_pos.y as i32 * CELL_SIZE as i32) as f32,
+        ) + Vec2::splat(CELL_SIZE as f32 / 2.0);

        assert_eq!(node.position, expected_pos);
    }
--- a/tests/movement.rs
+++ b/tests/movement.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+use glam::Vec2;
+use pacman::map::direction::Direction;
+use pacman::map::graph::{Graph, Node};
+use pacman::systems::movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity};
+
+fn create_test_graph() -> Graph {
+    let mut graph = Graph::new();
+
+    // Add a few test nodes
+    let node0 = graph.add_node(Node {
+        position: Vec2::new(0.0, 0.0),
+    });
+    let node1 = graph.add_node(Node {
+        position: Vec2::new(16.0, 0.0),
+    });
+    let node2 = graph.add_node(Node {
+        position: Vec2::new(0.0, 16.0),
+    });
+
+    // Connect them
+    graph.connect(node0, node1, false, None, Direction::Right).unwrap();
+    graph.connect(node0, node2, false, None, Direction::Down).unwrap();
+
+    graph
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_is_at_node() {
+    let stopped_pos = Position::Stopped { node: 0 };
+    let moving_pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 8.0,
+    };
+
+    assert!(stopped_pos.is_at_node());
+    assert!(!moving_pos.is_at_node());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_current_node() {
+    let stopped_pos = Position::Stopped { node: 5 };
+    let moving_pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 3,
+        to: 7,
+        remaining_distance: 12.0,
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(stopped_pos.current_node(), 5);
+    assert_eq!(moving_pos.current_node(), 3);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_tick_no_movement_when_stopped() {
+    let mut pos = Position::Stopped { node: 0 };
+    let result = pos.tick(5.0);
+
+    assert!(result.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(pos, Position::Stopped { node: 0 });
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_tick_no_movement_when_zero_distance() {
+    let mut pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 10.0,
+    };
+    let result = pos.tick(0.0);
+
+    assert!(result.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(
+        pos,
+        Position::Moving {
+            from: 0,
+            to: 1,
+            remaining_distance: 10.0,
+        }
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_tick_partial_movement() {
+    let mut pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 10.0,
+    };
+    let result = pos.tick(3.0);
+
+    assert!(result.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(
+        pos,
+        Position::Moving {
+            from: 0,
+            to: 1,
+            remaining_distance: 7.0,
+        }
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_tick_exact_arrival() {
+    let mut pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 5.0,
+    };
+    let result = pos.tick(5.0);
+
+    assert!(result.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(pos, Position::Stopped { node: 1 });
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_tick_overshoot_with_overflow() {
+    let mut pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 3.0,
+    };
+    let result = pos.tick(8.0);
+
+    assert_eq!(result, Some(5.0));
+    assert_eq!(pos, Position::Stopped { node: 1 });
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_get_pixel_position_stopped() {
+    let graph = create_test_graph();
+    let pos = Position::Stopped { node: 0 };
+
+    let pixel_pos = pos.get_pixel_position(&graph).unwrap();
+    let expected = Vec2::new(
+        0.0 + pacman::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.x as f32,
+        0.0 + pacman::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.y as f32,
+    );
+
+    assert_eq!(pixel_pos, expected);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_position_get_pixel_position_moving() {
+    let graph = create_test_graph();
+    let pos = Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 8.0, // Halfway through a 16-unit edge
+    };
+
+    let pixel_pos = pos.get_pixel_position(&graph).unwrap();
+    // Should be halfway between (0,0) and (16,0), so at (8,0) plus offset
+    let expected = Vec2::new(
+        8.0 + pacman::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.x as f32,
+        0.0 + pacman::constants::BOARD_PIXEL_OFFSET.y as f32,
+    );
+
+    assert_eq!(pixel_pos, expected);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_velocity_basic_properties() {
+    let velocity = Velocity {
+        speed: 2.5,
+        direction: Direction::Up,
+    };
+
+    assert_eq!(velocity.speed, 2.5);
+    assert_eq!(velocity.direction, Direction::Up);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_buffered_direction_none() {
+    let buffered = BufferedDirection::None;
+    assert_eq!(buffered, BufferedDirection::None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_buffered_direction_some() {
+    let buffered = BufferedDirection::Some {
+        direction: Direction::Left,
+        remaining_time: 0.5,
+    };
+
+    if let BufferedDirection::Some {
+        direction,
+        remaining_time,
+    } = buffered
+    {
+        assert_eq!(direction, Direction::Left);
+        assert_eq!(remaining_time, 0.5);
+    } else {
+        panic!("Expected BufferedDirection::Some");
+    }
+}
--- a/tests/player.rs
+++ b/tests/player.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{entity::Entity, event::Events, system::RunSystemOnce, world::World};
+
+use pacman::{
+    events::{GameCommand, GameEvent},
+    map::{
+        builder::Map,
+        direction::Direction,
+        graph::{Edge, TraversalFlags},
+    },
+    systems::{
+        can_traverse, player_control_system, player_movement_system, AudioState, BufferedDirection, DebugState, DeltaTime,
+        EntityType, GlobalState, MovementModifiers, PlayerControlled, Position, Velocity,
+    },
+};
+
+// Test helper functions for ECS setup
+fn create_test_world() -> World {
+    let mut world = World::new();
+
+    // Add resources
+    world.insert_resource(GlobalState { exit: false });
+    world.insert_resource(DebugState::default());
+    world.insert_resource(AudioState::default());
+    world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(1.0 / 60.0)); // 60 FPS
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameEvent>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<pacman::error::GameError>::default());
+
+    // Create a simple test map with nodes and edges
+    let test_map = create_test_map();
+    world.insert_resource(test_map);
+
+    world
+}
+
+fn create_test_map() -> Map {
+    // Use the actual RAW_BOARD from constants.rs
+    use pacman::constants::RAW_BOARD;
+    Map::new(RAW_BOARD).expect("Failed to create test map")
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_player(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            PlayerControlled,
+            Position::Stopped { node: 0 },
+            Velocity {
+                speed: 1.0,
+                direction: Direction::Right,
+            },
+            BufferedDirection::None,
+            EntityType::Player,
+            MovementModifiers::default(),
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn send_game_event(world: &mut World, command: GameCommand) {
+    let mut events = world.resource_mut::<Events<GameEvent>>();
+    events.send(GameEvent::Command(command));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_player_on_all_edges() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 1,
+        distance: 10.0,
+        direction: Direction::Up,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::ALL,
+    };
+
+    assert!(can_traverse(EntityType::Player, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_player_on_pacman_only_edges() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 1,
+        distance: 10.0,
+        direction: Direction::Right,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::PACMAN,
+    };
+
+    assert!(can_traverse(EntityType::Player, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_player_blocked_on_ghost_only_edges() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 1,
+        distance: 10.0,
+        direction: Direction::Left,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::GHOST,
+    };
+
+    assert!(!can_traverse(EntityType::Player, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_ghost_on_all_edges() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 2,
+        distance: 15.0,
+        direction: Direction::Down,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::ALL,
+    };
+
+    assert!(can_traverse(EntityType::Ghost, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_ghost_on_ghost_only_edges() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 2,
+        distance: 15.0,
+        direction: Direction::Up,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::GHOST,
+    };
+
+    assert!(can_traverse(EntityType::Ghost, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_ghost_blocked_on_pacman_only_edges() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 2,
+        distance: 15.0,
+        direction: Direction::Right,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::PACMAN,
+    };
+
+    assert!(!can_traverse(EntityType::Ghost, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_can_traverse_static_entities_flags() {
+    let edge = Edge {
+        target: 3,
+        distance: 8.0,
+        direction: Direction::Left,
+        traversal_flags: TraversalFlags::ALL,
+    };
+
+    // Static entities have empty traversal flags but can still "traverse"
+    // in the sense that empty flags are contained in any flag set
+    // This is the expected behavior since empty ⊆ any set
+    assert!(can_traverse(EntityType::Pellet, edge));
+    assert!(can_traverse(EntityType::PowerPellet, edge));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_entity_type_traversal_flags() {
+    assert_eq!(EntityType::Player.traversal_flags(), TraversalFlags::PACMAN);
+    assert_eq!(EntityType::Ghost.traversal_flags(), TraversalFlags::GHOST);
+    assert_eq!(EntityType::Pellet.traversal_flags(), TraversalFlags::empty());
+    assert_eq!(EntityType::PowerPellet.traversal_flags(), TraversalFlags::empty());
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// ECS System Tests
+// ============================================================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_control_system_move_command() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send move command
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up));
+
+    // Run the system
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that buffered direction was updated
+    let mut query = world.query::<&BufferedDirection>();
+    let buffered_direction = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *buffered_direction {
+        BufferedDirection::Some {
+            direction,
+            remaining_time,
+        } => {
+            assert_eq!(direction, Direction::Up);
+            assert_eq!(remaining_time, 0.25);
+        }
+        BufferedDirection::None => panic!("Expected buffered direction to be set"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_control_system_exit_command() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send exit command
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::Exit);
+
+    // Run the system
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that exit flag was set
+    let state = world.resource::<GlobalState>();
+    assert!(state.exit);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_control_system_toggle_debug() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send toggle debug command
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::ToggleDebug);
+
+    // Run the system
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that debug state changed
+    let debug_state = world.resource::<DebugState>();
+    assert!(debug_state.enabled);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_control_system_mute_audio() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send mute audio command
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MuteAudio);
+
+    // Run the system
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that audio was muted
+    let audio_state = world.resource::<AudioState>();
+    assert!(audio_state.muted);
+
+    // Send mute audio command again to unmute - need fresh events
+    world.resource_mut::<Events<GameEvent>>().clear(); // Clear previous events
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MuteAudio);
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that audio was unmuted
+    let audio_state = world.resource::<AudioState>();
+    assert!(!audio_state.muted, "Audio should be unmuted after second toggle");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_control_system_no_player_entity() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    // Don't spawn a player entity
+
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up));
+
+    // Run the system - should write an error
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that an error was written (we can't easily check Events without manual management,
+    // so for this test we just verify the system ran without panicking)
+    // In a real implementation, you might expose error checking through the ECS world
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_movement_system_buffered_direction_expires() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Set a buffered direction with short time
+    world.entity_mut(player).insert(BufferedDirection::Some {
+        direction: Direction::Up,
+        remaining_time: 0.01, // Very short time
+    });
+
+    // Set delta time to expire the buffered direction
+    world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(0.02));
+
+    // Run the system
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that buffered direction expired or remaining time decreased significantly
+    let mut query = world.query::<&BufferedDirection>();
+    let buffered_direction = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+    match *buffered_direction {
+        BufferedDirection::None => {} // Expected - fully expired
+        BufferedDirection::Some { remaining_time, .. } => {
+            assert!(
+                remaining_time <= 0.0,
+                "Buffered direction should be expired or have non-positive time"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_movement_system_start_moving_from_stopped() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Player starts at node 0, facing right (towards node 1)
+    // Should start moving when system runs
+
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that player started moving
+    let mut query = world.query::<&Position>();
+    let position = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *position {
+        Position::Moving { from, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(from, 0, "Player should start from node 0");
+            // Don't assert exact target node since the real map has different connectivity
+        }
+        Position::Stopped { .. } => {} // May stay stopped if no valid edge in current direction
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_movement_system_buffered_direction_change() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Set a buffered direction to go down (towards node 2)
+    world.entity_mut(player).insert(BufferedDirection::Some {
+        direction: Direction::Down,
+        remaining_time: 1.0,
+    });
+
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that player started moving down instead of right
+    let mut query = world.query::<(&Position, &Velocity, &BufferedDirection)>();
+    let (position, _velocity, _buffered_direction) = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *position {
+        Position::Moving { from, to, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(from, 0);
+            assert_eq!(to, 2); // Should be moving to node 2 (down)
+        }
+        Position::Stopped { .. } => panic!("Player should have started moving"),
+    }
+
+    // Check if the movement actually happened based on the real map connectivity
+    // The buffered direction might not be consumed if there's no valid edge in that direction
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_movement_system_no_valid_edge() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Set velocity to direction with no edge
+    world.entity_mut(player).insert(Velocity {
+        speed: 1.0,
+        direction: Direction::Up, // No edge up from node 0
+    });
+
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Player should remain stopped
+    let mut query = world.query::<&Position>();
+    let position = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *position {
+        Position::Stopped { node } => assert_eq!(node, 0),
+        Position::Moving { .. } => panic!("Player shouldn't be able to move without valid edge"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_movement_system_continue_moving() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Set player to already be moving
+    world.entity_mut(player).insert(Position::Moving {
+        from: 0,
+        to: 1,
+        remaining_distance: 50.0,
+    });
+
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that player continued moving and distance decreased
+    let mut query = world.query::<&Position>();
+    let position = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *position {
+        Position::Moving { remaining_distance, .. } => {
+            assert!(remaining_distance < 50.0); // Should have moved
+        }
+        Position::Stopped { .. } => {
+            // If player reached destination, that's also valid
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Integration Tests
+// ============================================================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_full_player_input_to_movement_flow() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send move command
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Down));
+
+    // Run control system to process input
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Run movement system to execute movement
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check final state - player should be moving down
+    let mut query = world.query::<(&Position, &Velocity, &BufferedDirection)>();
+    let (position, _velocity, _buffered_direction) = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *position {
+        Position::Moving { from, to, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(from, 0);
+            assert_eq!(to, 2); // Moving to node 2 (down)
+        }
+        Position::Stopped { .. } => panic!("Player should be moving"),
+    }
+
+    // Check that player moved in the buffered direction if possible
+    // In the real map, the buffered direction may not be consumable if there's no valid edge
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_buffered_direction_timing() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send move command
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up));
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Run movement system multiple times with small delta times
+    world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(0.1)); // 0.1 seconds
+
+    // First run - buffered direction should still be active
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+    let mut query = world.query::<&BufferedDirection>();
+    let buffered_direction = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *buffered_direction {
+        BufferedDirection::Some { remaining_time, .. } => {
+            assert!(remaining_time > 0.0);
+            assert!(remaining_time < 0.25);
+        }
+        BufferedDirection::None => panic!("Buffered direction should still be active"),
+    }
+
+    // Run again to fully expire the buffered direction
+    world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(0.2)); // Total 0.3 seconds, should expire
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    let buffered_direction = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+    assert_eq!(*buffered_direction, BufferedDirection::None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_multiple_rapid_direction_changes() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Send multiple rapid direction changes
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up));
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Down));
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left));
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Only the last direction should be buffered
+    let mut query = world.query::<&BufferedDirection>();
+    let buffered_direction = query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    match *buffered_direction {
+        BufferedDirection::Some { direction, .. } => {
+            assert_eq!(direction, Direction::Left);
+        }
+        BufferedDirection::None => panic!("Expected buffered direction"),
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_player_state_persistence_across_systems() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _player = spawn_test_player(&mut world);
+
+    // Test that multiple commands can be processed - but need to handle events properly
+    // Clear any existing events first
+    world.resource_mut::<Events<GameEvent>>().clear();
+
+    // Toggle debug mode
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::ToggleDebug);
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+    let debug_state_after_toggle = *world.resource::<DebugState>();
+
+    // Clear events and mute audio
+    world.resource_mut::<Events<GameEvent>>().clear();
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MuteAudio);
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+    let audio_muted_after_toggle = world.resource::<AudioState>().muted;
+
+    // Clear events and move player
+    world.resource_mut::<Events<GameEvent>>().clear();
+    send_game_event(&mut world, GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Down));
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_control_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+    world
+        .run_system_once(player_movement_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+
+    // Check that all state changes persisted
+    // Variables already captured above during individual tests
+    let mut query = world.query::<&Position>();
+    let position = *query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
+
+    // Check that the state changes persisted individually
+    assert!(debug_state_after_toggle.enabled, "Debug state should have toggled");
+    assert!(audio_muted_after_toggle, "Audio should be muted");
+
+    // Player position depends on actual map connectivity
+    match position {
+        Position::Moving { .. } => {}  // Good - player is moving
+        Position::Stopped { .. } => {} // Also ok - might not have valid edge in that direction
+    }
+}
--- a/tests/profiling.rs
+++ b/tests/profiling.rs
@@ -1,40 +1,44 @@
-use pacman::systems::profiling::SystemTimings;
+use pacman::systems::profiling::{SystemId, SystemTimings};
 use std::time::Duration;

 #[test]
 fn test_timing_statistics() {
    let timings = SystemTimings::default();

-    // Add some test data
-    timings.add_timing("test_system", Duration::from_millis(10));
-    timings.add_timing("test_system", Duration::from_millis(12));
-    timings.add_timing("test_system", Duration::from_millis(8));
+    // 10ms average, 2ms std dev
+    timings.add_timing(SystemId::PlayerControls, Duration::from_millis(10));
+    timings.add_timing(SystemId::PlayerControls, Duration::from_millis(12));
+    timings.add_timing(SystemId::PlayerControls, Duration::from_millis(8));
+
+    // 2ms average, 1ms std dev
+    timings.add_timing(SystemId::Blinking, Duration::from_millis(3));
+    timings.add_timing(SystemId::Blinking, Duration::from_millis(2));
+    timings.add_timing(SystemId::Blinking, Duration::from_millis(1));
+
+    fn close_enough(a: Duration, b: Duration) -> bool {
+        if a > b {
+            a - b < Duration::from_micros(500) // 0.1ms
+        } else {
+            b - a < Duration::from_micros(500)
+        }
+    }

    let stats = timings.get_stats();
-    let (avg, std_dev) = stats.get("test_system").unwrap();
+    let (avg, std_dev) = stats.get(&SystemId::PlayerControls).unwrap();

    // Average should be 10ms, standard deviation should be small
-    assert!((avg.as_millis() as f64 - 10.0).abs() < 1.0);
-    assert!(std_dev.as_millis() > 0);
+    assert!(close_enough(*avg, Duration::from_millis(10)), "avg: {:?}", avg);
+    assert!(close_enough(*std_dev, Duration::from_millis(2)), "std_dev: {:?}", std_dev);

    let (total_avg, total_std) = timings.get_total_stats();
-    assert!((total_avg.as_millis() as f64 - 10.0).abs() < 1.0);
-    assert!(total_std.as_millis() > 0);
+    assert!(
+        close_enough(total_avg, Duration::from_millis(18)),
+        "total_avg: {:?}",
+        total_avg
+    );
+    assert!(
+        close_enough(total_std, Duration::from_millis(17)),
+        "total_std: {:?}",
+        total_std
+    );
 }
-
-// #[test]
-// fn test_window_size_limit() {
-//     let timings = SystemTimings::default();
-
-//     // Add more than 90 timings to test window size limit
-//     for i in 0..100 {
-//         timings.add_timing("test_system", Duration::from_millis(i));
-//     }
-
-//     let stats = timings.get_stats();
-//     let (avg, _) = stats.get("test_system").unwrap();
-
-//     // Should only keep the last 90 values, so average should be around 55ms
-//     // (average of 10-99)
-//     assert!((avg.as_millis() as f64 - 55.0).abs() < 5.0);
-// }
--- a/tests/sprite.rs
+++ b/tests/sprite.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use pacman::texture::sprite::{AtlasMapper, AtlasTile, MapperFrame, SpriteAtlas};
 use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 use std::collections::HashMap;

-fn mock_texture() -> sdl2::render::Texture<'static> {
+fn mock_texture() -> sdl2::render::Texture {
    unsafe { std::mem::transmute(0usize) }
 }

@@ -13,10 +13,8 @@ fn test_sprite_atlas_basic() {
    frames.insert(
        "test".to_string(),
        MapperFrame {
-            x: 10,
-            y: 20,
-            width: 32,
-            height: 64,
+            pos: U16Vec2::new(10, 20),
+            size: U16Vec2::new(32, 64),
        },
    );

@@ -38,19 +36,15 @@ fn test_sprite_atlas_multiple_tiles() {
    frames.insert(
        "tile1".to_string(),
        MapperFrame {
-            x: 0,
-            y: 0,
-            width: 32,
-            height: 32,
+            pos: U16Vec2::new(0, 0),
+            size: U16Vec2::new(32, 32),
        },
    );
    frames.insert(
        "tile2".to_string(),
        MapperFrame {
-            x: 32,
-            y: 0,
-            width: 64,
-            height: 64,
+            pos: U16Vec2::new(32, 0),
+            size: U16Vec2::new(64, 64),
        },
    );

--- a/tests/text.rs
+++ b/tests/text.rs
@@ -107,3 +107,23 @@ fn test_text_scale() -> Result<(), String> {

    Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_text_color() -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut text_texture = TextTexture::new(1.0);
+
+    // Test default color (should be None initially)
+    assert_eq!(text_texture.color(), None);
+
+    // Test setting color
+    let test_color = sdl2::pixels::Color::YELLOW;
+    text_texture.set_color(test_color);
+    assert_eq!(text_texture.color(), Some(test_color));
+
+    // Test changing color
+    let new_color = sdl2::pixels::Color::RED;
+    text_texture.set_color(new_color);
+    assert_eq!(text_texture.color(), Some(new_color));
+
+    Ok(())
+}
--- a/tests/tracing_buffer.rs
+++ b/tests/tracing_buffer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+use pacman::platform::tracing_buffer::SwitchableWriter;
+use std::io::Write;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_switchable_writer_buffering() {
+    let mut writer = SwitchableWriter::default();
+
+    // Write some data while in buffered mode
+    writer.write_all(b"Hello, ").unwrap();
+    writer.write_all(b"world!").unwrap();
+    writer.write_all(b"This is buffered content.\n").unwrap();
+
+    // Switch to direct mode (this should flush to stdout and show buffer size)
+    // In a real test we can't easily capture stdout, so we'll just verify it doesn't panic
+    writer.switch_to_direct_mode().unwrap();
+
+    // Write more data in direct mode
+    writer.write_all(b"Direct output after flush\n").unwrap();
+}
--- a/web.build.ts
+++ b/web.build.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { $ } from "bun";
 import { existsSync, promises as fs } from "fs";
 import { platform } from "os";
-import { dirname, join, relative, resolve } from "path";
+import { basename, dirname, join, relative, resolve } from "path";
 import { match, P } from "ts-pattern";
 import { configure, getConsoleSink, getLogger } from "@logtape/logtape";

@@ -79,16 +79,19 @@ async function build(release: boolean, env: Record<string, string> | null) {

  // The files to copy into 'dist'
  const files = [
-    ...["index.html", "favicon.ico", "build.css", "TerminalVector.ttf"].map(
-      (file) => ({
-        src: join(siteFolder, file),
-        dest: join(dist, file),
-        optional: false,
-      })
-    ),
+    ...[
+      "index.html",
+      "favicon.ico",
+      "build.css",
+      "../game/TerminalVector.ttf",
+    ].map((file) => ({
+      src: resolve(join(siteFolder, file)),
+      dest: join(dist, basename(file)),
+      optional: false,
+    })),
    ...["pacman.wasm", "pacman.js", "deps/pacman.data"].map((file) => ({
      src: join(outputFolder, file),
-      dest: join(dist, file.split("/").pop() || file),
+      dest: join(dist, basename(file)),
      optional: false,
    })),
    {
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Ryan Walters	f2732a7ff7	feat: improve debug rendering performance via batch rendering of rects	2025-09-03 19:15:05 -05:00
Ryan Walters	6771dea02b	fix: avoid padding jitter with constant name padding, minor timing calculation fixes	2025-09-03 19:00:45 -05:00
Ryan Walters	23f43288e1	feat: implement optimized text rendering by caching font characters into special atlas	2025-09-03 17:31:48 -05:00
Ryan Walters	028ee28840	fix: remove redundant double canvas copy	2025-09-03 17:31:06 -05:00
Ryan Walters	a489bff0d1	chore: add timing demo bin	2025-09-03 17:31:06 -05:00
Ryan Walters	0907b5ebe7	chore: remove unused functions, add 'web' task to Justfile	2025-09-03 16:31:21 -05:00
Ryan Walters	4cc5816d1f	refactor: use small_rng for Emscripten only, simplify platform to top-level functions only, no trait/struct	2025-09-03 11:11:04 -05:00
Ryan Walters	208ad3e733	chore: move spin-sleep to desktop only, rearrange Cargo dependencies	2025-09-03 11:04:06 -05:00
Ryan Walters	24e8b3e3bc	fix: retain main SDL & audio contexts for application lifetime	2025-09-03 09:33:03 -05:00
dependabot[bot]	da0f4d856a	chore(deps): bump actions/upload-pages-artifact (#5 ) Bumps the dependencies group with 1 update: [actions/upload-pages-artifact](https://github.com/actions/upload-pages-artifact). Updates `actions/upload-pages-artifact` from 3 to 4 - [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/upload-pages-artifact/releases) - [Commits](https://github.com/actions/upload-pages-artifact/compare/v3...v4) --- updated-dependencies: - dependency-name: actions/upload-pages-artifact dependency-version: '4' dependency-type: direct:production update-type: version-update:semver-major dependency-group: dependencies ... Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com> Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-09-03 08:28:39 -05:00
Ryan Walters	aaf30efde7	fix: only run coverage upload if secret is available	2025-09-03 08:23:33 -05:00
Ryan Walters	89f1e71568	chore: add 'samply' profiling helper task to Justfile	2025-09-02 15:42:13 -05:00
Ryan Walters	d6d0f47483	feat: optimize input system, avoid heap allocations, disable as many events as possible	2025-09-02 14:57:01 -05:00
Ryan Walters	1b0624a174	chore: add profiling profile for flamegraph	2025-09-02 14:52:11 -05:00
Ryan Walters	7dfab26898	refactor: drop remaining Box::leak & statics where possible	2025-09-02 13:44:40 -05:00
Ryan Walters	f2fc60b250	chore: add LICENSE, add missing metadata, clean up dependencies & use dev-dependencies, document choices	2025-09-02 13:23:43 -05:00
Ryan Walters	7cdd1b6ad9	refactor: use 'unsafe_textures' sdl2 feature to hide lifetimes & obscure leaks into upstream	2025-09-02 12:59:06 -05:00
Ryan Walters	d0a68faa51	chore: update dependencies, solve tracing-subscriber vulnerability	2025-09-02 09:47:11 -05:00
Ryan Walters	055dc85f2b	refactor: improve console handling & logs, scoped mutex lock, fix linux unused imports	2025-09-02 09:09:48 -05:00
Ryan Walters	39a5df1ffd	fix: use c-style strings instead of manual termination, cast pointer, use then_some	2025-09-02 08:52:08 -05:00
Ryan Walters	6637691157	feat: setup windows system console output detection for dynamic console attach	2025-09-02 00:31:59 -05:00
Ryan Walters	c79ba0d824	feat: buffer tracing logs before console init	2025-09-01 17:22:22 -05:00
Ryan Walters	b1b03b0e9c	refactor: move magic numbers & constants	2025-09-01 15:47:41 -05:00
Ryan Walters	a62ae8dfe7	fix: energizers don't change dead (eyes) ghosts	2025-09-01 15:39:17 -05:00
Ryan Walters	a21459f337	feat: revamp with better separate directional/linear animations, direction independent ticking	2025-09-01 15:28:57 -05:00
Ryan Walters	b53db3788d	refactor: unify ghost state management and animation handling, use integers for texture animation	2025-09-01 14:27:48 -05:00
Ryan Walters	e1a2e6ab62	fix: avoid switching ghost back to normal during eyes animation	2025-09-01 13:14:16 -05:00
Ryan Walters	2bdb039aa9	fix: correct broken timing format tests	2025-09-01 12:57:48 -05:00
Ryan Walters	6dd0152938	chore: remove unused dependencies	2025-09-01 12:46:39 -05:00
Ryan Walters	4881e33c6f	refactor: use U16Vec2 for sprites, remove unnecessary Deserialize trait	2025-09-01 12:44:13 -05:00
Ryan Walters	0cbd6f1aac	refactor: switch NodeId to u16, use I8Vec2 for grid coordinates	2025-09-01 12:37:44 -05:00
Ryan Walters	1206cf9ad1	feat: implement high score text rendering	2025-09-01 12:13:18 -05:00
Ryan Walters	bed913d016	fix: profiling system calculates mean of sums, not mean of means	2025-09-01 12:01:39 -05:00
Ryan Walters	98196f3e07	feat: ghost animation states, frightened/eaten behaviors, smallvec animation arrays	2025-09-01 11:46:18 -05:00
Ryan Walters	8f504d6c77	fix: correctly unhide in second pre-freeze stage	2025-09-01 10:28:08 -05:00
Ryan Walters	66499b6285	fix: remove broken console stream re-attach on Windows	2025-08-29 10:56:26 -05:00
Ryan Walters	a8e62aec56	fix: force dirty render using resource_change conditions, hide ghosts & player on initial spawn	2025-08-28 20:20:38 -05:00
Ryan Walters	cde1ea5394	feat: allow freezing of blinking entities, lightly refactor game.rs structure	2025-08-28 20:02:27 -05:00
Ryan Walters	d0628ef70b	feat: use backbuffer fully, proper 'present' system, debug texture draws with transparency	2025-08-28 19:40:31 -05:00
Ryan Walters	9bfe4a9ce7	fix: add expected MovementModifiers to spawn_test_player to fix movement tests	2025-08-28 18:35:47 -05:00
Ryan Walters	2da8a312f3	chore: remove PlayerLifecycle, move MovementModifiers directly into PlayerBundle	2025-08-28 18:32:19 -05:00
Ryan Walters	2bdd4f0d04	feat: re-implement visbility via 'Hidden' tag component, move stage visibility logic into stage system	2025-08-28 18:24:47 -05:00
Ryan Walters	5cc9b1a6ee	fix: avoid acquiring filtered player query until movement command received	2025-08-28 14:17:46 -05:00
Ryan Walters	5d4adb7743	refactor: merge 'formatting' submodule into 'profiling'	2025-08-28 14:12:23 -05:00
Ryan Walters	633d467f2c	chore: remove LevelTiming resource	2025-08-28 13:21:21 -05:00
Ryan Walters	d3e83262db	feat: better 'Vulnerable' tag for ghosts, fix movement issues	2025-08-28 13:18:47 -05:00
Ryan Walters	f31b4952e4	chore: remove wildcard/prelude imports, remove unused functions	2025-08-28 13:14:40 -05:00
Ryan Walters	ad3f896f82	chore: reorganize component definitions into relevant system files	2025-08-28 12:54:52 -05:00
Ryan Walters	80ebf08dd3	feat: stage sequence, ghost collisions & energizer logic, text color method, scheduler ordering	2025-08-28 12:40:02 -05:00
Ryan Walters	f14b3d38a4	feat: create hud rendering system	2025-08-27 22:55:26 -05:00
Ryan Walters	bf65c34b28	chore: remove unused code	2025-08-27 22:43:21 -05:00
Ryan Walters	89b0790f19	chore: fix clippy lints	2025-08-27 22:28:14 -05:00
Ryan Walters	9624bcf359	feat: collision helper, ghost/pacman collision events, collision tests minor format updates from copilot's commit	2025-08-27 22:26:49 -05:00
Copilot	67a5c4a1ed	Remove 9 redundant and non-valuable tests to improve test suite quality (#4 ) * Initial plan * Remove 9 redundant and non-valuable tests across events, formatting, and item modules Co-authored-by: Xevion <44609630+Xevion@users.noreply.github.com> --------- Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Xevion <44609630+Xevion@users.noreply.github.com>	2025-08-19 13:07:14 -05:00
Ryan Walters	8b5e66f514	refactor: update debug state management and rendering systems	2025-08-19 11:31:31 -05:00
Ryan	5109457fcd	test: add input tests	2025-08-19 09:40:59 -05:00
Ryan	5497e4b0b9	feat: improve input system to handle multiple keypress & release states	2025-08-19 09:35:55 -05:00
Xevion	d72b6eec06	test: add item testing	2025-08-18 09:32:35 -05:00
Xevion	ae42f6ead0	chore: solve clippy warnings	2025-08-18 00:06:47 -05:00
Xevion	471b118efd	test: add tests for item systems & movement types	2025-08-18 00:04:07 -05:00
Xevion	13a9c165f7	test: add player control & movement system testing	2025-08-18 00:03:29 -05:00
Xevion	da3c8e8284	test: add player traversal flag tests, remove old disabled movement_system, public can_traverse	2025-08-17 23:52:03 -05:00
Xevion	9c0711a54c	test: add more formatting tests	2025-08-17 23:47:47 -05:00
Xevion	4598dc07e2	test: add tests for errors & events data structs	2025-08-17 23:46:23 -05:00
Xevion	9c9dc5f423	test: remove asset.rs tests, revamp constants tests	2025-08-17 23:45:42 -05:00
Xevion	12ee16faab	docs: document many major functions, types, enums for important functionality	2025-08-17 23:29:43 -05:00
Xevion	398d041d96	Merge pull request #3 from Xevion/ecs ECS Refactor	2025-08-16 15:25:34 -05:00
Xevion	7a02d6b0b5	chore: add cargo checks to pre-commit	2025-08-16 15:14:16 -05:00
Xevion	d47d70ff5b	refactor: remove dead code, move direction & graph into 'map' module	2025-08-16 15:14:16 -05:00
Xevion	313ca4f3e6	fix: proper font loading, cross platform assets, better platform independent trait implementation, conditional modules	2025-08-16 14:17:28 -05:00
Xevion	f940f01d9b	refactor: optimize debug system, remove redundant code & tests	2025-08-16 13:41:15 -05:00
Xevion	90adaf9e84	feat: add cursor-based node highlighting for debug	2025-08-16 12:26:24 -05:00
Xevion	2140fbec1b	fix: allow key holddown	2025-08-16 12:00:58 -05:00
Xevion	78300bdf9c	feat: rewrite movement systems separately for player/ghosts	2025-08-16 11:44:10 -05:00
Xevion	514a447162	refactor: use strum::EnumCount for const compile time system mapping	2025-08-16 11:43:46 -05:00
Xevion	3d0bc66e40	feat: ghosts system	2025-08-15 20:38:18 -05:00
Xevion	e0a15c1ca8	feat: implement audio muting functionality	2025-08-15 20:30:41 -05:00
Xevion	fa12611c69	feat: ecs audio system	2025-08-15 20:28:47 -05:00
Xevion	342f378860	fix: use renderable layer properly, sorting entities before presenting	2025-08-15 20:10:16 -05:00
Xevion	e8944598cc	chore: fix clippy warnings	2025-08-15 20:10:16 -05:00