refactor: replace HashMap with fixed-size arrays for textures in DirectionalAnimatedTexture

src/entity/direction.rs

@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ impl Direction {
         self.into()
     }
 
-    /// Returns the direction as a u8 (0-3). Constant time.
+    /// Returns the direction as a usize (0-3). Constant time.
     /// This is useful for indexing into arrays.
-    pub const fn as_u8(self) -> u8 {
+    pub const fn as_usize(self) -> usize {
         match self {
             Direction::Up => 0,
             Direction::Down => 1,
@@ -51,5 +51,3 @@ impl From<Direction> for IVec2 {
         }
     }
 }
-
-pub const DIRECTIONS: [Direction; 4] = [Direction::Up, Direction::Down, Direction::Left, Direction::Right];

src/entity/pacman.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ use crate::texture::directional::DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
 use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
 use sdl2::keyboard::Keycode;
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
-use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 /// Determines if Pac-Man can traverse a given edge.
 ///
@@ -41,8 +40,8 @@ impl Pacman {
     /// Sets up animated textures for all four directions with moving and stopped states.
     /// The moving animation cycles through open mouth, closed mouth, and full sprites.
     pub fn new(graph: &Graph, start_node: NodeId, atlas: &SpriteAtlas) -> Self {
-        let mut textures = HashMap::new();
-        let mut stopped_textures = HashMap::new();
+        let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
+        let mut stopped_textures = [None, None, None, None];
 
         for direction in Direction::DIRECTIONS {
             let moving_prefix = match direction {
@@ -59,14 +58,9 @@ impl Pacman {
 
             let stopped_tiles = vec![SpriteAtlas::get_tile(atlas, &format!("{moving_prefix}_b.png")).unwrap()];
 
-            textures.insert(
-                direction,
-                AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.08).expect("Invalid frame duration"),
-            );
-            stopped_textures.insert(
-                direction,
-                AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1).expect("Invalid frame duration"),
-            );
+            textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(AnimatedTexture::new(moving_tiles, 0.08).expect("Invalid frame duration"));
+            stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] =
+                Some(AnimatedTexture::new(stopped_tiles, 0.1).expect("Invalid frame duration"));
         }
 
         Self {

src/texture/directional.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use sdl2::rect::Rect;
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
-use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use crate::entity::direction::Direction;
 use crate::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
@@ -9,12 +8,12 @@ use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
-    textures: HashMap<Direction, AnimatedTexture>,
-    stopped_textures: HashMap<Direction, AnimatedTexture>,
+    textures: [Option<AnimatedTexture>; 4],
+    stopped_textures: [Option<AnimatedTexture>; 4],
 }
 
 impl DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
-    pub fn new(textures: HashMap<Direction, AnimatedTexture>, stopped_textures: HashMap<Direction, AnimatedTexture>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(textures: [Option<AnimatedTexture>; 4], stopped_textures: [Option<AnimatedTexture>; 4]) -> Self {
         Self {
             textures,
             stopped_textures,
@@ -22,8 +21,10 @@ impl DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
     }
 
     pub fn tick(&mut self, dt: f32) {
-        for texture in self.textures.values_mut() {
-            texture.tick(dt);
+        for texture in self.textures.iter_mut() {
+            if let Some(texture) = texture {
+                texture.tick(dt);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ impl DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
         dest: Rect,
         direction: Direction,
     ) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(texture) = self.textures.get(&direction) {
+        if let Some(texture) = &self.textures[direction.as_usize()] {
             texture.render(canvas, atlas, dest)
         } else {
             Ok(())
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ impl DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
         dest: Rect,
         direction: Direction,
     ) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(texture) = self.stopped_textures.get(&direction) {
+        if let Some(texture) = &self.stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()] {
             texture.render(canvas, atlas, dest)
         } else {
             Ok(())
@@ -58,24 +59,24 @@ impl DirectionalAnimatedTexture {
     /// Returns true if the texture has a direction.
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub fn has_direction(&self, direction: Direction) -> bool {
-        self.textures.contains_key(&direction)
+        self.textures[direction.as_usize()].is_some()
     }
 
     /// Returns true if the texture has a stopped direction.
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub fn has_stopped_direction(&self, direction: Direction) -> bool {
-        self.stopped_textures.contains_key(&direction)
+        self.stopped_textures[direction.as_usize()].is_some()
     }
 
     /// Returns the number of textures.
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub fn texture_count(&self) -> usize {
-        self.textures.len()
+        self.textures.iter().filter(|t| t.is_some()).count()
     }
 
     /// Returns the number of stopped textures.
     #[allow(dead_code)]
     pub fn stopped_texture_count(&self) -> usize {
-        self.stopped_textures.len()
+        self.stopped_textures.iter().filter(|t| t.is_some()).count()
     }
 }

tests/directional.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use pacman::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
 use pacman::texture::directional::DirectionalAnimatedTexture;
 use pacman::texture::sprite::AtlasTile;
 use sdl2::pixels::Color;
-use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 fn mock_atlas_tile(id: u32) -> AtlasTile {
     AtlasTile {
@@ -20,10 +19,10 @@ fn mock_animated_texture(id: u32) -> AnimatedTexture {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_directional_texture_partial_directions() {
-    let mut textures = HashMap::new();
-    textures.insert(Direction::Up, mock_animated_texture(1));
+    let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
+    textures[Direction::Up.as_usize()] = Some(mock_animated_texture(1));
 
-    let texture = DirectionalAnimatedTexture::new(textures, HashMap::new());
+    let texture = DirectionalAnimatedTexture::new(textures, [None, None, None, None]);
 
     assert_eq!(texture.texture_count(), 1);
     assert!(texture.has_direction(Direction::Up));
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ fn test_directional_texture_partial_directions() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_directional_texture_all_directions() {
-    let mut textures = HashMap::new();
+    let mut textures = [None, None, None, None];
     let directions = [
         (Direction::Up, 1),
         (Direction::Down, 2),
@@ -43,10 +42,10 @@ fn test_directional_texture_all_directions() {
     ];
 
     for (direction, id) in directions {
-        textures.insert(direction, mock_animated_texture(id));
+        textures[direction.as_usize()] = Some(mock_animated_texture(id));
     }
 
-    let texture = DirectionalAnimatedTexture::new(textures, HashMap::new());
+    let texture = DirectionalAnimatedTexture::new(textures, [None, None, None, None]);
 
     assert_eq!(texture.texture_count(), 4);
     for direction in &[Direction::Up, Direction::Down, Direction::Left, Direction::Right] {