fix: implement i64 serialization for JavaScript compatibility, fixing avatar URL display

Add JOB_TIMEOUT constant to fail stuck jobs after 5 minutes, and
LOCK_EXPIRY to reclaim abandoned locks after 10 minutes. Introduce
force_unlock_all to recover orphaned jobs at startup. Fix retry limit
off-by-one error and update deduplication to include locked jobs.

Dockerfile

@@ -115,5 +115,5 @@ HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
 ENV HOSTS=0.0.0.0,[::]
 
 # Implicitly uses PORT environment variable
-# temporary: running without 'scraper' service
-CMD ["sh", "-c", "exec ./banner --services web,bot"]
+# Runs all services: web, bot, and scraper
+CMD ["sh", "-c", "exec ./banner"]

Justfile

@@ -1,51 +1,292 @@
 set dotenv-load
-default_services := "bot,web,scraper"
 
 default:
     just --list
 
-# Run all checks (format, clippy, tests, lint)
-check:
-    cargo fmt --all -- --check
-    cargo clippy --all-features -- --deny warnings
-    cargo nextest run -E 'not test(export_bindings)'
-    bun run --cwd web check
-    bun run --cwd web test
+# Run all checks in parallel. Pass -f/--fix to auto-format and fix first.
+[script("bun")]
+check *flags:
+    const args = "{{flags}}".split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
+    let fix = false;
+    for (const arg of args) {
+      if (arg === "-f" || arg === "--fix") fix = true;
+      else { console.error(`Unknown flag: ${arg}`); process.exit(1); }
+    }
 
-# Generate TypeScript bindings from Rust types (ts-rs)
-bindings:
-    cargo test export_bindings
+    const run = (cmd) => {
+      const proc = Bun.spawnSync(cmd, { stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"] });
+      if (proc.exitCode !== 0) process.exit(proc.exitCode);
+    };
 
-# Run all tests (Rust + frontend)
-test: test-rust test-web
+    if (fix) {
+      console.log("\x1b[1;36m→ Fixing...\x1b[0m");
+      run(["cargo", "fmt", "--all"]);
+      run(["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "format"]);
+      run(["cargo", "clippy", "--all-features", "--fix", "--allow-dirty", "--allow-staged",
+           "--", "--deny", "warnings"]);
+      console.log("\x1b[1;36m→ Verifying...\x1b[0m");
+    }
 
-# Run only Rust tests (excludes ts-rs bindings generation)
-test-rust *ARGS:
-    cargo nextest run -E 'not test(export_bindings)' {{ARGS}}
+    const checks = [
+      { name: "rustfmt",      cmd: ["cargo", "fmt", "--all", "--", "--check"] },
+      { name: "clippy",       cmd: ["cargo", "clippy", "--all-features", "--", "--deny", "warnings"] },
+      { name: "rust-test",    cmd: ["cargo", "nextest", "run", "-E", "not test(export_bindings)"] },
+      { name: "svelte-check", cmd: ["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "check"] },
+      { name: "biome",        cmd: ["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "format:check"] },
+      { name: "web-test",     cmd: ["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "test"] },
+      // { name: "sqlx-prepare", cmd: ["cargo", "sqlx", "prepare", "--check"] },
+    ];
 
-# Run only frontend tests
-test-web:
-    bun run --cwd web test
+    const isTTY = process.stderr.isTTY;
+    const start = Date.now();
+    const remaining = new Set(checks.map(c => c.name));
 
-# Quick check: clippy + tests + typecheck (skips formatting)
-check-quick:
-    cargo clippy --all-features -- --deny warnings
-    cargo nextest run -E 'not test(export_bindings)'
-    bun run --cwd web check
+    const promises = checks.map(async (check) => {
+      const proc = Bun.spawn(check.cmd, {
+        env: { ...process.env, FORCE_COLOR: "1" },
+        stdout: "pipe", stderr: "pipe",
+      });
+      const [stdout, stderr] = await Promise.all([
+        new Response(proc.stdout).text(),
+        new Response(proc.stderr).text(),
+      ]);
+      await proc.exited;
+      return { ...check, stdout, stderr, exitCode: proc.exitCode,
+               elapsed: ((Date.now() - start) / 1000).toFixed(1) };
+    });
 
-# Run the Banner API search demo (hits live UTSA API, ~20s)
-search *ARGS:
-    cargo run -q --bin search -- {{ARGS}}
+    const interval = isTTY ? setInterval(() => {
+      const elapsed = ((Date.now() - start) / 1000).toFixed(1);
+      process.stderr.write(`\r\x1b[K${elapsed}s [${Array.from(remaining).join(", ")}]`);
+    }, 100) : null;
+
+    let anyFailed = false;
+    for (const promise of promises) {
+      const r = await promise;
+      remaining.delete(r.name);
+      if (isTTY) process.stderr.write(`\r\x1b[K`);
+      if (r.exitCode !== 0) {
+        anyFailed = true;
+        process.stdout.write(`\x1b[31m✗ ${r.name}\x1b[0m (${r.elapsed}s)\n`);
+        if (r.stdout) process.stdout.write(r.stdout);
+        if (r.stderr) process.stderr.write(r.stderr);
+      } else {
+        process.stdout.write(`\x1b[32m✓ ${r.name}\x1b[0m (${r.elapsed}s)\n`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (interval) clearInterval(interval);
+    if (isTTY) process.stderr.write(`\r\x1b[K`);
+    process.exit(anyFailed ? 1 : 0);
 
 # Format all Rust and TypeScript code
 format:
     cargo fmt --all
     bun run --cwd web format
 
-# Check formatting without modifying (CI-friendly)
-format-check:
-    cargo fmt --all -- --check
-    bun run --cwd web format:check
+# Run tests. Usage: just test [rust|web|<nextest filter args>]
+[script("bun")]
+test *args:
+    const input = "{{args}}".trim();
+    const run = (cmd) => {
+      const proc = Bun.spawnSync(cmd, { stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"] });
+      if (proc.exitCode !== 0) process.exit(proc.exitCode);
+    };
+    if (input === "web") {
+      run(["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "test"]);
+    } else if (input === "rust") {
+      run(["cargo", "nextest", "run", "-E", "not test(export_bindings)"]);
+    } else if (input === "") {
+      run(["cargo", "nextest", "run", "-E", "not test(export_bindings)"]);
+      run(["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "test"]);
+    } else {
+      run(["cargo", "nextest", "run", ...input.split(/\s+/)]);
+    }
+
+# Generate TypeScript bindings from Rust types (ts-rs)
+bindings:
+    cargo test export_bindings
+
+# Run the Banner API search demo (hits live UTSA API, ~20s)
+search *ARGS:
+    cargo run -q --bin search -- {{ARGS}}
+
+# Pass args to binary after --: just dev -n -- --some-flag
+# Dev server. Flags: -f(rontend) -b(ackend) -W(no-watch) -n(o-build) -r(elease) -e(mbed) --tracing <fmt>
+[script("bun")]
+dev *flags:
+    const argv = "{{flags}}".split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
+
+    let frontendOnly = false, backendOnly = false;
+    let noWatch = false, noBuild = false, release = false, embed = false;
+    let tracing = "pretty";
+    const passthrough = [];
+
+    let i = 0;
+    let seenDashDash = false;
+    while (i < argv.length) {
+      const arg = argv[i];
+      if (seenDashDash) { passthrough.push(arg); i++; continue; }
+      if (arg === "--") { seenDashDash = true; i++; continue; }
+      if (arg.startsWith("--")) {
+        if (arg === "--frontend-only") frontendOnly = true;
+        else if (arg === "--backend-only") backendOnly = true;
+        else if (arg === "--no-watch") noWatch = true;
+        else if (arg === "--no-build") noBuild = true;
+        else if (arg === "--release") release = true;
+        else if (arg === "--embed") embed = true;
+        else if (arg === "--tracing") { tracing = argv[++i] || "pretty"; }
+        else { console.error(`Unknown flag: ${arg}`); process.exit(1); }
+      } else if (arg.startsWith("-") && arg.length > 1) {
+        for (const c of arg.slice(1)) {
+          if (c === "f") frontendOnly = true;
+          else if (c === "b") backendOnly = true;
+          else if (c === "W") noWatch = true;
+          else if (c === "n") noBuild = true;
+          else if (c === "r") release = true;
+          else if (c === "e") embed = true;
+          else { console.error(`Unknown flag: -${c}`); process.exit(1); }
+        }
+      } else { console.error(`Unknown argument: ${arg}`); process.exit(1); }
+      i++;
+    }
+
+    // -e implies -b (no point running Vite if assets are embedded)
+    if (embed) backendOnly = true;
+    // -n implies -W (no build means no watch)
+    if (noBuild) noWatch = true;
+
+    // Validate conflicting flags
+    if (frontendOnly && backendOnly) {
+      console.error("Cannot use -f and -b together (or -e implies -b)");
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+
+    const runFrontend = !backendOnly;
+    const runBackend = !frontendOnly;
+    const profile = release ? "release" : "dev";
+    const profileDir = release ? "release" : "debug";
+
+    const procs = [];
+    const cleanup = async () => {
+      for (const p of procs) p.kill();
+      await Promise.all(procs.map(p => p.exited));
+    };
+    process.on("SIGINT", async () => { await cleanup(); process.exit(0); });
+    process.on("SIGTERM", async () => { await cleanup(); process.exit(0); });
+
+    // Build frontend first when embedding assets (backend will bake them in)
+    if (embed && !noBuild) {
+      console.log(`\x1b[1;36m→ Building frontend (for embedding)...\x1b[0m`);
+      const fb = Bun.spawnSync(["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "build"], {
+        stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"],
+      });
+      if (fb.exitCode !== 0) process.exit(fb.exitCode);
+    }
+
+    // Frontend: Vite dev server
+    if (runFrontend) {
+      const proc = Bun.spawn(["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "dev"], {
+        stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"],
+      });
+      procs.push(proc);
+    }
+
+    // Backend
+    if (runBackend) {
+      const backendArgs = [`--tracing`, tracing, ...passthrough];
+      const bin = `target/${profileDir}/banner`;
+
+      if (noWatch) {
+        // Build first unless -n (skip build)
+        if (!noBuild) {
+          console.log(`\x1b[1;36m→ Building backend (${profile})...\x1b[0m`);
+          const cargoArgs = ["cargo", "build", "--bin", "banner"];
+          if (!embed) cargoArgs.push("--no-default-features");
+          if (release) cargoArgs.push("--release");
+          const build = Bun.spawnSync(cargoArgs, { stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"] });
+          if (build.exitCode !== 0) { cleanup(); process.exit(build.exitCode); }
+        }
+
+        // Run the binary directly (no watch)
+        const { existsSync } = await import("fs");
+        if (!existsSync(bin)) {
+          console.error(`Binary not found: ${bin}`);
+          console.error(`Run 'just build${release ? "" : " -d"}' first, or remove -n to use bacon.`);
+          cleanup();
+          process.exit(1);
+        }
+        console.log(`\x1b[1;36m→ Running ${bin} (no watch)\x1b[0m`);
+        const proc = Bun.spawn([bin, ...backendArgs], {
+          stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"],
+        });
+        procs.push(proc);
+      } else {
+        // Bacon watch mode
+        const baconArgs = ["bacon", "--headless", "run", "--"];
+        if (!embed) baconArgs.push("--no-default-features");
+        if (release) baconArgs.push("--profile", "release");
+        baconArgs.push("--", ...backendArgs);
+        const proc = Bun.spawn(baconArgs, {
+          stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"],
+        });
+        procs.push(proc);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Wait for any process to exit, then kill the rest
+    const results = procs.map((p, i) => p.exited.then(code => ({ i, code })));
+    const first = await Promise.race(results);
+    cleanup();
+    process.exit(first.code);
+
+# Production build. Flags: -d(ebug) -f(rontend-only) -b(ackend-only)
+[script("bun")]
+build *flags:
+    const argv = "{{flags}}".split(/\s+/).filter(Boolean);
+
+    let debug = false, frontendOnly = false, backendOnly = false;
+    for (const arg of argv) {
+      if (arg.startsWith("--")) {
+        if (arg === "--debug") debug = true;
+        else if (arg === "--frontend-only") frontendOnly = true;
+        else if (arg === "--backend-only") backendOnly = true;
+        else { console.error(`Unknown flag: ${arg}`); process.exit(1); }
+      } else if (arg.startsWith("-") && arg.length > 1) {
+        for (const c of arg.slice(1)) {
+          if (c === "d") debug = true;
+          else if (c === "f") frontendOnly = true;
+          else if (c === "b") backendOnly = true;
+          else { console.error(`Unknown flag: -${c}`); process.exit(1); }
+        }
+      } else { console.error(`Unknown argument: ${arg}`); process.exit(1); }
+    }
+
+    if (frontendOnly && backendOnly) {
+      console.error("Cannot use -f and -b together");
+      process.exit(1);
+    }
+
+    const run = (cmd) => {
+      const proc = Bun.spawnSync(cmd, { stdio: ["inherit", "inherit", "inherit"] });
+      if (proc.exitCode !== 0) process.exit(proc.exitCode);
+    };
+
+    const buildFrontend = !backendOnly;
+    const buildBackend = !frontendOnly;
+    const profile = debug ? "debug" : "release";
+
+    if (buildFrontend) {
+      console.log("\x1b[1;36m→ Building frontend...\x1b[0m");
+      run(["bun", "run", "--cwd", "web", "build"]);
+    }
+
+    if (buildBackend) {
+      console.log(`\x1b[1;36m→ Building backend (${profile})...\x1b[0m`);
+      const cmd = ["cargo", "build", "--bin", "banner"];
+      if (!debug) cmd.push("--release");
+      run(cmd);
+    }
 
 # Start PostgreSQL in Docker and update .env with connection string
 # Commands: start (default), reset, rm
@@ -115,86 +356,6 @@ db cmd="start":
       await updateEnv();
     }
 
-# Auto-reloading frontend server
-frontend:
-    bun run --cwd web dev
-
-# Production build of frontend
-build-frontend:
-    bun run --cwd web build
-
-# Auto-reloading backend server (with embedded assets)
-backend *ARGS:
-    bacon --headless run -- -- {{ARGS}}
-
-# Auto-reloading backend server (no embedded assets, for dev proxy mode)
-backend-dev *ARGS:
-    bacon --headless run -- --no-default-features -- {{ARGS}}
-
-# Production build
-build:
-    bun run --cwd web build
-    cargo build --release --bin banner
-
-# Run auto-reloading development build with release characteristics
-dev-build *ARGS='--services web --tracing pretty': build-frontend
-    bacon --headless run -- --profile dev-release -- {{ARGS}}
-
-# Auto-reloading development build: Vite frontend + backend (no embedded assets, proxies to Vite)
-[parallel]
-dev *ARGS='--services web,bot': frontend (backend-dev ARGS)
-
-# Smoke test: start web server, hit API endpoints, verify responses
-[script("bash")]
-test-smoke port="18080":
-    set -euo pipefail
-    PORT={{port}}
-
-    cleanup() { kill "$SERVER_PID" 2>/dev/null; wait "$SERVER_PID" 2>/dev/null; }
-
-    # Start server in background
-    PORT=$PORT cargo run -q --no-default-features -- --services web --tracing json &
-    SERVER_PID=$!
-    trap cleanup EXIT
-
-    # Wait for server to be ready (up to 15s)
-    for i in $(seq 1 30); do
-        if curl -sf "http://localhost:$PORT/api/health" >/dev/null 2>&1; then break; fi
-        if ! kill -0 "$SERVER_PID" 2>/dev/null; then echo "FAIL: server exited early"; exit 1; fi
-        sleep 0.5
-    done
-
-    PASS=0; FAIL=0
-    check() {
-        local label="$1" url="$2" expected="$3"
-        body=$(curl -sf "$url") || { echo "FAIL: $label - request failed"; FAIL=$((FAIL+1)); return; }
-        if echo "$body" | grep -q "$expected"; then
-            echo "PASS: $label"
-            PASS=$((PASS+1))
-        else
-            echo "FAIL: $label - expected '$expected' in: $body"
-            FAIL=$((FAIL+1))
-        fi
-    }
-
-    check "GET /api/health" "http://localhost:$PORT/api/health" '"status":"healthy"'
-    check "GET /api/status" "http://localhost:$PORT/api/status" '"version"'
-    check "GET /api/metrics" "http://localhost:$PORT/api/metrics" '"banner_api"'
-
-    # Test 404
-    STATUS=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" "http://localhost:$PORT/api/nonexistent")
-    if [ "$STATUS" = "404" ]; then
-        echo "PASS: 404 on unknown route"
-        PASS=$((PASS+1))
-    else
-        echo "FAIL: expected 404, got $STATUS"
-        FAIL=$((FAIL+1))
-    fi
-
-    echo ""
-    echo "Results: $PASS passed, $FAIL failed"
-    [ "$FAIL" -eq 0 ]
-
 alias b := bun
 bun *ARGS:
 	cd web && bun {{ ARGS }}

README.md

@@ -29,8 +29,7 @@ The application consists of three modular services that can be run independently
 bun install --cwd web  # Install frontend dependencies
 cargo build  # Build the backend
 
-just dev # Runs auto-reloading dev build
-just dev --services bot,web # Runs auto-reloading dev build, running only the bot and web services
+just dev # Runs auto-reloading dev build with all services
 just dev-build # Development build with release characteristics (frontend is embedded, non-auto-reloading)
 
 just build # Production build that embeds assets

src/cli.rs

@@ -2,34 +2,16 @@ use clap::Parser;
 
 /// Banner Discord Bot - Course availability monitoring
 ///
-/// This application runs multiple services that can be controlled via CLI arguments:
+/// This application runs all services:
 /// - bot: Discord bot for course monitoring commands
 /// - web: HTTP server for web interface and API
 /// - scraper: Background service for scraping course data
-///
-/// Use --services to specify which services to run, or --disable-services to exclude specific services.
 #[derive(Parser, Debug)]
 #[command(author, version, about, long_about = None)]
 pub struct Args {
     /// Log formatter to use
     #[arg(long, value_enum, default_value_t = default_tracing_format())]
     pub tracing: TracingFormat,
-
-    /// Services to run (comma-separated). Default: all services
-    ///
-    /// Examples:
-    ///   --services bot,web    # Run only bot and web services
-    ///   --services scraper    # Run only the scraper service
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "disable_services")]
-    pub services: Option<Vec<ServiceName>>,
-
-    /// Services to disable (comma-separated)
-    ///
-    /// Examples:
-    ///   --disable-services bot        # Run web and scraper only
-    ///   --disable-services bot,web    # Run only the scraper service
-    #[arg(long, value_delimiter = ',', conflicts_with = "services")]
-    pub disable_services: Option<Vec<ServiceName>>,
 }
 
 #[derive(clap::ValueEnum, Clone, Debug)]
@@ -66,34 +48,6 @@ impl ServiceName {
     }
 }
 
-/// Determine which services should be enabled based on CLI arguments
-pub fn determine_enabled_services(args: &Args) -> Result<Vec<ServiceName>, anyhow::Error> {
-    match (&args.services, &args.disable_services) {
-        (Some(services), None) => {
-            // User specified which services to run
-            Ok(services.clone())
-        }
-        (None, Some(disabled)) => {
-            // User specified which services to disable
-            let enabled: Vec<ServiceName> = ServiceName::all()
-                .into_iter()
-                .filter(|s| !disabled.contains(s))
-                .collect();
-            Ok(enabled)
-        }
-        (None, None) => {
-            // Default: run all services
-            Ok(ServiceName::all())
-        }
-        (Some(_), Some(_)) => {
-            // This should be prevented by clap's conflicts_with, but just in case
-            Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
-                "Cannot specify both --services and --disable-services"
-            ))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
 const DEFAULT_TRACING_FORMAT: TracingFormat = TracingFormat::Pretty;
 #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
@@ -107,64 +61,6 @@ fn default_tracing_format() -> TracingFormat {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
-    fn args_with_services(
-        services: Option<Vec<ServiceName>>,
-        disable: Option<Vec<ServiceName>>,
-    ) -> Args {
-        Args {
-            tracing: TracingFormat::Pretty,
-            services,
-            disable_services: disable,
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_default_enables_all_services() {
-        let result = determine_enabled_services(&args_with_services(None, None)).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(result.len(), 3);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_explicit_services_only_those() {
-        let result =
-            determine_enabled_services(&args_with_services(Some(vec![ServiceName::Web]), None))
-                .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(result.len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(result[0].as_str(), "web");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_disable_bot_leaves_web_and_scraper() {
-        let result =
-            determine_enabled_services(&args_with_services(None, Some(vec![ServiceName::Bot])))
-                .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(result.len(), 2);
-        assert!(result.iter().all(|s| s.as_str() != "bot"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_disable_all_leaves_empty() {
-        let result = determine_enabled_services(&args_with_services(
-            None,
-            Some(vec![
-                ServiceName::Bot,
-                ServiceName::Web,
-                ServiceName::Scraper,
-            ]),
-        ))
-        .unwrap();
-        assert!(result.is_empty());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_both_specified_returns_error() {
-        let result = determine_enabled_services(&args_with_services(
-            Some(vec![ServiceName::Web]),
-            Some(vec![ServiceName::Bot]),
-        ));
-        assert!(result.is_err());
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn test_service_name_as_str() {
         assert_eq!(ServiceName::Bot.as_str(), "bot");

src/data/batch.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use crate::banner::Course;
 use crate::data::models::DbMeetingTime;
 use crate::error::Result;
+use sqlx::PgConnection;
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::time::Instant;
@@ -57,15 +58,315 @@ fn extract_campus_code(course: &Course) -> Option<String> {
         .and_then(|mf| mf.meeting_time.campus.clone())
 }
 
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Task 1: UpsertDiffRow — captures pre- and post-upsert state for diffing
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/// Row returned by the CTE-based upsert query, carrying both old and new values
+/// for every auditable field. `old_id` is `None` for fresh inserts.
+#[derive(sqlx::FromRow, Debug)]
+struct UpsertDiffRow {
+    id: i32,
+    old_id: Option<i32>,
+
+    // enrollment fields
+    old_enrollment: Option<i32>,
+    new_enrollment: i32,
+    old_max_enrollment: Option<i32>,
+    new_max_enrollment: i32,
+    old_wait_count: Option<i32>,
+    new_wait_count: i32,
+    old_wait_capacity: Option<i32>,
+    new_wait_capacity: i32,
+
+    // text fields (non-nullable in DB)
+    old_subject: Option<String>,
+    new_subject: String,
+    old_course_number: Option<String>,
+    new_course_number: String,
+    old_title: Option<String>,
+    new_title: String,
+
+    // nullable text fields
+    old_sequence_number: Option<String>,
+    new_sequence_number: Option<String>,
+    old_part_of_term: Option<String>,
+    new_part_of_term: Option<String>,
+    old_instructional_method: Option<String>,
+    new_instructional_method: Option<String>,
+    old_campus: Option<String>,
+    new_campus: Option<String>,
+
+    // nullable int fields
+    old_credit_hours: Option<i32>,
+    new_credit_hours: Option<i32>,
+    old_credit_hour_low: Option<i32>,
+    new_credit_hour_low: Option<i32>,
+    old_credit_hour_high: Option<i32>,
+    new_credit_hour_high: Option<i32>,
+
+    // cross-list fields
+    old_cross_list: Option<String>,
+    new_cross_list: Option<String>,
+    old_cross_list_capacity: Option<i32>,
+    new_cross_list_capacity: Option<i32>,
+    old_cross_list_count: Option<i32>,
+    new_cross_list_count: Option<i32>,
+
+    // link fields
+    old_link_identifier: Option<String>,
+    new_link_identifier: Option<String>,
+    old_is_section_linked: Option<bool>,
+    new_is_section_linked: Option<bool>,
+
+    // JSONB fields
+    old_meeting_times: Option<serde_json::Value>,
+    new_meeting_times: serde_json::Value,
+    old_attributes: Option<serde_json::Value>,
+    new_attributes: serde_json::Value,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Task 3: Entry types and diff logic
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct AuditEntry {
+    course_id: i32,
+    field_changed: &'static str,
+    old_value: String,
+    new_value: String,
+}
+
+struct MetricEntry {
+    course_id: i32,
+    enrollment: i32,
+    wait_count: i32,
+    seats_available: i32,
+}
+
+/// Compare old vs new for a single field, pushing an `AuditEntry` when they differ.
+///
+/// Three variants:
+/// - `diff_field!(audits, row, field_name, old_field, new_field)` — `Option<T>` old vs `T` new
+/// - `diff_field!(opt audits, row, field_name, old_field, new_field)` — `Option<T>` old vs `Option<T>` new
+/// - `diff_field!(json audits, row, field_name, old_field, new_field)` — `Option<Value>` old vs `Value` new
+///
+/// All variants skip when `old_id` is None (fresh insert).
+macro_rules! diff_field {
+    // Standard: Option<T> old vs T new (non-nullable columns)
+    ($audits:ident, $row:ident, $field:expr, $old:ident, $new:ident) => {
+        if $row.old_id.is_some() {
+            let old_str = $row
+                .$old
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|v| v.to_string())
+                .unwrap_or_default();
+            let new_str = $row.$new.to_string();
+            if old_str != new_str {
+                $audits.push(AuditEntry {
+                    course_id: $row.id,
+                    field_changed: $field,
+                    old_value: old_str,
+                    new_value: new_str,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    // Nullable: Option<T> old vs Option<T> new
+    (opt $audits:ident, $row:ident, $field:expr, $old:ident, $new:ident) => {
+        if $row.old_id.is_some() {
+            let old_str = $row
+                .$old
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|v| v.to_string())
+                .unwrap_or_default();
+            let new_str = $row
+                .$new
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|v| v.to_string())
+                .unwrap_or_default();
+            if old_str != new_str {
+                $audits.push(AuditEntry {
+                    course_id: $row.id,
+                    field_changed: $field,
+                    old_value: old_str,
+                    new_value: new_str,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    // JSONB: Option<Value> old vs Value new
+    (json $audits:ident, $row:ident, $field:expr, $old:ident, $new:ident) => {
+        if $row.old_id.is_some() {
+            let old_val = $row
+                .$old
+                .as_ref()
+                .cloned()
+                .unwrap_or(serde_json::Value::Null);
+            let new_val = &$row.$new;
+            if old_val != *new_val {
+                $audits.push(AuditEntry {
+                    course_id: $row.id,
+                    field_changed: $field,
+                    old_value: old_val.to_string(),
+                    new_value: new_val.to_string(),
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+/// Compute audit entries (field-level diffs) and metric entries from upsert diff rows.
+fn compute_diffs(rows: &[UpsertDiffRow]) -> (Vec<AuditEntry>, Vec<MetricEntry>) {
+    let mut audits = Vec::new();
+    let mut metrics = Vec::new();
+
+    for row in rows {
+        // Non-nullable fields
+        diff_field!(audits, row, "enrollment", old_enrollment, new_enrollment);
+        diff_field!(
+            audits,
+            row,
+            "max_enrollment",
+            old_max_enrollment,
+            new_max_enrollment
+        );
+        diff_field!(audits, row, "wait_count", old_wait_count, new_wait_count);
+        diff_field!(
+            audits,
+            row,
+            "wait_capacity",
+            old_wait_capacity,
+            new_wait_capacity
+        );
+        diff_field!(audits, row, "subject", old_subject, new_subject);
+        diff_field!(
+            audits,
+            row,
+            "course_number",
+            old_course_number,
+            new_course_number
+        );
+        diff_field!(audits, row, "title", old_title, new_title);
+
+        // Nullable text fields
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "sequence_number", old_sequence_number, new_sequence_number);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "part_of_term", old_part_of_term, new_part_of_term);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "instructional_method", old_instructional_method, new_instructional_method);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "campus", old_campus, new_campus);
+
+        // Nullable int fields
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "credit_hours", old_credit_hours, new_credit_hours);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "credit_hour_low", old_credit_hour_low, new_credit_hour_low);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "credit_hour_high", old_credit_hour_high, new_credit_hour_high);
+
+        // Cross-list fields
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "cross_list", old_cross_list, new_cross_list);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "cross_list_capacity", old_cross_list_capacity, new_cross_list_capacity);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "cross_list_count", old_cross_list_count, new_cross_list_count);
+
+        // Link fields
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "link_identifier", old_link_identifier, new_link_identifier);
+        diff_field!(opt audits, row, "is_section_linked", old_is_section_linked, new_is_section_linked);
+
+        // JSONB fields
+        diff_field!(json audits, row, "meeting_times", old_meeting_times, new_meeting_times);
+        diff_field!(json audits, row, "attributes", old_attributes, new_attributes);
+
+        // Emit a metric entry when enrollment/wait_count/max_enrollment changed
+        // Skip fresh inserts (no old data to compare against)
+        let enrollment_changed = row.old_id.is_some()
+            && (row.old_enrollment != Some(row.new_enrollment)
+                || row.old_wait_count != Some(row.new_wait_count)
+                || row.old_max_enrollment != Some(row.new_max_enrollment));
+
+        if enrollment_changed {
+            metrics.push(MetricEntry {
+                course_id: row.id,
+                enrollment: row.new_enrollment,
+                wait_count: row.new_wait_count,
+                seats_available: row.new_max_enrollment - row.new_enrollment,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    (audits, metrics)
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Task 4: Batch insert functions for audits and metrics
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+async fn insert_audits(audits: &[AuditEntry], conn: &mut PgConnection) -> Result<()> {
+    if audits.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let course_ids: Vec<i32> = audits.iter().map(|a| a.course_id).collect();
+    let fields: Vec<&str> = audits.iter().map(|a| a.field_changed).collect();
+    let old_values: Vec<&str> = audits.iter().map(|a| a.old_value.as_str()).collect();
+    let new_values: Vec<&str> = audits.iter().map(|a| a.new_value.as_str()).collect();
+
+    sqlx::query(
+        r#"
+        INSERT INTO course_audits (course_id, timestamp, field_changed, old_value, new_value)
+        SELECT v.course_id, NOW(), v.field_changed, v.old_value, v.new_value
+        FROM UNNEST($1::int4[], $2::text[], $3::text[], $4::text[])
+            AS v(course_id, field_changed, old_value, new_value)
+        "#,
+    )
+    .bind(&course_ids)
+    .bind(&fields)
+    .bind(&old_values)
+    .bind(&new_values)
+    .execute(&mut *conn)
+    .await
+    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to batch insert course_audits: {}", e))?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn insert_metrics(metrics: &[MetricEntry], conn: &mut PgConnection) -> Result<()> {
+    if metrics.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let course_ids: Vec<i32> = metrics.iter().map(|m| m.course_id).collect();
+    let enrollments: Vec<i32> = metrics.iter().map(|m| m.enrollment).collect();
+    let wait_counts: Vec<i32> = metrics.iter().map(|m| m.wait_count).collect();
+    let seats_available: Vec<i32> = metrics.iter().map(|m| m.seats_available).collect();
+
+    sqlx::query(
+        r#"
+        INSERT INTO course_metrics (course_id, timestamp, enrollment, wait_count, seats_available)
+        SELECT v.course_id, NOW(), v.enrollment, v.wait_count, v.seats_available
+        FROM UNNEST($1::int4[], $2::int4[], $3::int4[], $4::int4[])
+            AS v(course_id, enrollment, wait_count, seats_available)
+        "#,
+    )
+    .bind(&course_ids)
+    .bind(&enrollments)
+    .bind(&wait_counts)
+    .bind(&seats_available)
+    .execute(&mut *conn)
+    .await
+    .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to batch insert course_metrics: {}", e))?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Core upsert functions (updated to use &mut PgConnection)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 /// Batch upsert courses in a single database query.
 ///
 /// Performs a bulk INSERT...ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE for all courses, including
-/// new fields (meeting times, attributes, instructor data). Returns the
-/// database IDs for all upserted courses (in input order) so instructors
-/// can be linked.
+/// new fields (meeting times, attributes, instructor data). Captures pre-update
+/// state for audit/metric tracking, all within a single transaction.
 ///
 /// # Performance
-/// - Reduces N database round-trips to 3 (courses, instructors, junction)
+/// - Reduces N database round-trips to 5 (old-data CTE + upsert, audits, metrics, instructors, junction)
 /// - Typical usage: 50-200 courses per batch
 pub async fn batch_upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<()> {
     if courses.is_empty() {
@@ -76,27 +377,47 @@ pub async fn batch_upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Resul
     let start = Instant::now();
     let course_count = courses.len();
 
-    // Step 1: Upsert courses with all fields, returning IDs
-    let course_ids = upsert_courses(courses, db_pool).await?;
+    let mut tx = db_pool.begin().await?;
 
-    // Step 2: Upsert instructors (deduplicated across batch)
-    upsert_instructors(courses, db_pool).await?;
+    // Step 1: Upsert courses with CTE, returning diff rows
+    let diff_rows = upsert_courses(courses, &mut tx).await?;
 
-    // Step 3: Link courses to instructors via junction table
-    upsert_course_instructors(courses, &course_ids, db_pool).await?;
+    // Step 2: Extract course IDs for instructor linking
+    let course_ids: Vec<i32> = diff_rows.iter().map(|r| r.id).collect();
+
+    // Step 3: Compute audit/metric diffs
+    let (audits, metrics) = compute_diffs(&diff_rows);
+
+    // Step 4: Insert audits and metrics
+    insert_audits(&audits, &mut tx).await?;
+    insert_metrics(&metrics, &mut tx).await?;
+
+    // Step 5: Upsert instructors (deduplicated across batch)
+    upsert_instructors(courses, &mut tx).await?;
+
+    // Step 6: Link courses to instructors via junction table
+    upsert_course_instructors(courses, &course_ids, &mut tx).await?;
+
+    tx.commit().await?;
 
     let duration = start.elapsed();
     info!(
         courses_count = course_count,
+        audit_entries = audits.len(),
+        metric_entries = metrics.len(),
         duration_ms = duration.as_millis(),
-        "Batch upserted courses with instructors"
+        "Batch upserted courses with instructors, audits, and metrics"
     );
 
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// Upsert all courses and return their database IDs in input order.
-async fn upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<i32>> {
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Task 2: CTE-based upsert returning old+new values
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/// Upsert all courses and return diff rows with old and new values for auditing.
+async fn upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], conn: &mut PgConnection) -> Result<Vec<UpsertDiffRow>> {
     let crns: Vec<&str> = courses
         .iter()
         .map(|c| c.course_reference_number.as_str())
@@ -143,67 +464,106 @@ async fn upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<i32>
         courses.iter().map(to_db_meeting_times).collect();
     let attributes_json: Vec<serde_json::Value> = courses.iter().map(to_db_attributes).collect();
 
-    let rows = sqlx::query_scalar::<_, i32>(
+    let rows = sqlx::query_as::<_, UpsertDiffRow>(
         r#"
-        INSERT INTO courses (
-            crn, subject, course_number, title, term_code,
-            enrollment, max_enrollment, wait_count, wait_capacity, last_scraped_at,
-            sequence_number, part_of_term, instructional_method, campus,
-            credit_hours, credit_hour_low, credit_hour_high,
-            cross_list, cross_list_capacity, cross_list_count,
-            link_identifier, is_section_linked,
-            meeting_times, attributes
+        WITH old_data AS (
+            SELECT id, enrollment, max_enrollment, wait_count, wait_capacity,
+                   subject, course_number, title,
+                   sequence_number, part_of_term, instructional_method, campus,
+                   credit_hours, credit_hour_low, credit_hour_high,
+                   cross_list, cross_list_capacity, cross_list_count,
+                   link_identifier, is_section_linked,
+                   meeting_times, attributes,
+                   crn, term_code
+            FROM courses
+            WHERE (crn, term_code) IN (SELECT * FROM UNNEST($1::text[], $5::text[]))
+        ),
+        upserted AS (
+            INSERT INTO courses (
+                crn, subject, course_number, title, term_code,
+                enrollment, max_enrollment, wait_count, wait_capacity, last_scraped_at,
+                sequence_number, part_of_term, instructional_method, campus,
+                credit_hours, credit_hour_low, credit_hour_high,
+                cross_list, cross_list_capacity, cross_list_count,
+                link_identifier, is_section_linked,
+                meeting_times, attributes
+            )
+            SELECT
+                v.crn, v.subject, v.course_number, v.title, v.term_code,
+                v.enrollment, v.max_enrollment, v.wait_count, v.wait_capacity, NOW(),
+                v.sequence_number, v.part_of_term, v.instructional_method, v.campus,
+                v.credit_hours, v.credit_hour_low, v.credit_hour_high,
+                v.cross_list, v.cross_list_capacity, v.cross_list_count,
+                v.link_identifier, v.is_section_linked,
+                v.meeting_times, v.attributes
+            FROM UNNEST(
+                $1::text[], $2::text[], $3::text[], $4::text[], $5::text[],
+                $6::int4[], $7::int4[], $8::int4[], $9::int4[],
+                $10::text[], $11::text[], $12::text[], $13::text[],
+                $14::int4[], $15::int4[], $16::int4[],
+                $17::text[], $18::int4[], $19::int4[],
+                $20::text[], $21::bool[],
+                $22::jsonb[], $23::jsonb[]
+            ) AS v(
+                crn, subject, course_number, title, term_code,
+                enrollment, max_enrollment, wait_count, wait_capacity,
+                sequence_number, part_of_term, instructional_method, campus,
+                credit_hours, credit_hour_low, credit_hour_high,
+                cross_list, cross_list_capacity, cross_list_count,
+                link_identifier, is_section_linked,
+                meeting_times, attributes
+            )
+            ON CONFLICT (crn, term_code)
+            DO UPDATE SET
+                subject = EXCLUDED.subject,
+                course_number = EXCLUDED.course_number,
+                title = EXCLUDED.title,
+                enrollment = EXCLUDED.enrollment,
+                max_enrollment = EXCLUDED.max_enrollment,
+                wait_count = EXCLUDED.wait_count,
+                wait_capacity = EXCLUDED.wait_capacity,
+                last_scraped_at = EXCLUDED.last_scraped_at,
+                sequence_number = EXCLUDED.sequence_number,
+                part_of_term = EXCLUDED.part_of_term,
+                instructional_method = EXCLUDED.instructional_method,
+                campus = EXCLUDED.campus,
+                credit_hours = EXCLUDED.credit_hours,
+                credit_hour_low = EXCLUDED.credit_hour_low,
+                credit_hour_high = EXCLUDED.credit_hour_high,
+                cross_list = EXCLUDED.cross_list,
+                cross_list_capacity = EXCLUDED.cross_list_capacity,
+                cross_list_count = EXCLUDED.cross_list_count,
+                link_identifier = EXCLUDED.link_identifier,
+                is_section_linked = EXCLUDED.is_section_linked,
+                meeting_times = EXCLUDED.meeting_times,
+                attributes = EXCLUDED.attributes
+            RETURNING *
         )
-        SELECT
-            v.crn, v.subject, v.course_number, v.title, v.term_code,
-            v.enrollment, v.max_enrollment, v.wait_count, v.wait_capacity, NOW(),
-            v.sequence_number, v.part_of_term, v.instructional_method, v.campus,
-            v.credit_hours, v.credit_hour_low, v.credit_hour_high,
-            v.cross_list, v.cross_list_capacity, v.cross_list_count,
-            v.link_identifier, v.is_section_linked,
-            v.meeting_times, v.attributes
-        FROM UNNEST(
-            $1::text[], $2::text[], $3::text[], $4::text[], $5::text[],
-            $6::int4[], $7::int4[], $8::int4[], $9::int4[],
-            $10::text[], $11::text[], $12::text[], $13::text[],
-            $14::int4[], $15::int4[], $16::int4[],
-            $17::text[], $18::int4[], $19::int4[],
-            $20::text[], $21::bool[],
-            $22::jsonb[], $23::jsonb[]
-        ) AS v(
-            crn, subject, course_number, title, term_code,
-            enrollment, max_enrollment, wait_count, wait_capacity,
-            sequence_number, part_of_term, instructional_method, campus,
-            credit_hours, credit_hour_low, credit_hour_high,
-            cross_list, cross_list_capacity, cross_list_count,
-            link_identifier, is_section_linked,
-            meeting_times, attributes
-        )
-        ON CONFLICT (crn, term_code)
-        DO UPDATE SET
-            subject = EXCLUDED.subject,
-            course_number = EXCLUDED.course_number,
-            title = EXCLUDED.title,
-            enrollment = EXCLUDED.enrollment,
-            max_enrollment = EXCLUDED.max_enrollment,
-            wait_count = EXCLUDED.wait_count,
-            wait_capacity = EXCLUDED.wait_capacity,
-            last_scraped_at = EXCLUDED.last_scraped_at,
-            sequence_number = EXCLUDED.sequence_number,
-            part_of_term = EXCLUDED.part_of_term,
-            instructional_method = EXCLUDED.instructional_method,
-            campus = EXCLUDED.campus,
-            credit_hours = EXCLUDED.credit_hours,
-            credit_hour_low = EXCLUDED.credit_hour_low,
-            credit_hour_high = EXCLUDED.credit_hour_high,
-            cross_list = EXCLUDED.cross_list,
-            cross_list_capacity = EXCLUDED.cross_list_capacity,
-            cross_list_count = EXCLUDED.cross_list_count,
-            link_identifier = EXCLUDED.link_identifier,
-            is_section_linked = EXCLUDED.is_section_linked,
-            meeting_times = EXCLUDED.meeting_times,
-            attributes = EXCLUDED.attributes
-        RETURNING id
+        SELECT u.id,
+               o.id AS old_id,
+               o.enrollment AS old_enrollment, u.enrollment AS new_enrollment,
+               o.max_enrollment AS old_max_enrollment, u.max_enrollment AS new_max_enrollment,
+               o.wait_count AS old_wait_count, u.wait_count AS new_wait_count,
+               o.wait_capacity AS old_wait_capacity, u.wait_capacity AS new_wait_capacity,
+               o.subject AS old_subject, u.subject AS new_subject,
+               o.course_number AS old_course_number, u.course_number AS new_course_number,
+               o.title AS old_title, u.title AS new_title,
+               o.sequence_number AS old_sequence_number, u.sequence_number AS new_sequence_number,
+               o.part_of_term AS old_part_of_term, u.part_of_term AS new_part_of_term,
+               o.instructional_method AS old_instructional_method, u.instructional_method AS new_instructional_method,
+               o.campus AS old_campus, u.campus AS new_campus,
+               o.credit_hours AS old_credit_hours, u.credit_hours AS new_credit_hours,
+               o.credit_hour_low AS old_credit_hour_low, u.credit_hour_low AS new_credit_hour_low,
+               o.credit_hour_high AS old_credit_hour_high, u.credit_hour_high AS new_credit_hour_high,
+               o.cross_list AS old_cross_list, u.cross_list AS new_cross_list,
+               o.cross_list_capacity AS old_cross_list_capacity, u.cross_list_capacity AS new_cross_list_capacity,
+               o.cross_list_count AS old_cross_list_count, u.cross_list_count AS new_cross_list_count,
+               o.link_identifier AS old_link_identifier, u.link_identifier AS new_link_identifier,
+               o.is_section_linked AS old_is_section_linked, u.is_section_linked AS new_is_section_linked,
+               o.meeting_times AS old_meeting_times, u.meeting_times AS new_meeting_times,
+               o.attributes AS old_attributes, u.attributes AS new_attributes
+        FROM upserted u
+        LEFT JOIN old_data o ON u.crn = o.crn AND u.term_code = o.term_code
         "#,
     )
     .bind(&crns)
@@ -229,7 +589,7 @@ async fn upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<i32>
     .bind(&is_section_linkeds)
     .bind(&meeting_times_json)
     .bind(&attributes_json)
-    .fetch_all(db_pool)
+    .fetch_all(&mut *conn)
     .await
     .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to batch upsert courses: {}", e))?;
 
@@ -237,7 +597,7 @@ async fn upsert_courses(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Vec<i32>
 }
 
 /// Deduplicate and upsert all instructors from the batch.
-async fn upsert_instructors(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<()> {
+async fn upsert_instructors(courses: &[Course], conn: &mut PgConnection) -> Result<()> {
     let mut seen = HashSet::new();
     let mut banner_ids = Vec::new();
     let mut display_names = Vec::new();
@@ -270,7 +630,7 @@ async fn upsert_instructors(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<()>
     .bind(&banner_ids)
     .bind(&display_names)
     .bind(&emails)
-    .execute(db_pool)
+    .execute(&mut *conn)
     .await
     .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to batch upsert instructors: {}", e))?;
 
@@ -281,7 +641,7 @@ async fn upsert_instructors(courses: &[Course], db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<()>
 async fn upsert_course_instructors(
     courses: &[Course],
     course_ids: &[i32],
-    db_pool: &PgPool,
+    conn: &mut PgConnection,
 ) -> Result<()> {
     let mut cids = Vec::new();
     let mut iids = Vec::new();
@@ -303,7 +663,7 @@ async fn upsert_course_instructors(
     // This handles instructor changes cleanly.
     sqlx::query("DELETE FROM course_instructors WHERE course_id = ANY($1)")
         .bind(&cids)
-        .execute(db_pool)
+        .execute(&mut *conn)
         .await?;
 
     sqlx::query(
@@ -317,7 +677,7 @@ async fn upsert_course_instructors(
     .bind(&cids)
     .bind(&iids)
     .bind(&primaries)
-    .execute(db_pool)
+    .execute(&mut *conn)
     .await
     .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("Failed to batch upsert course_instructors: {}", e))?;
 

src/data/courses.rs

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ pub async fn get_course_instructors(
     let rows = sqlx::query_as::<_, CourseInstructorDetail>(
         r#"
         SELECT i.banner_id, i.display_name, i.email, ci.is_primary,
-               rp.avg_rating, rp.num_ratings,
+               rp.avg_rating, rp.num_ratings, i.rmp_legacy_id,
                ci.course_id
         FROM course_instructors ci
         JOIN instructors i ON i.banner_id = ci.instructor_id
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ pub async fn get_instructors_for_courses(
     let rows = sqlx::query_as::<_, CourseInstructorDetail>(
         r#"
         SELECT i.banner_id, i.display_name, i.email, ci.is_primary,
-               rp.avg_rating, rp.num_ratings,
+               rp.avg_rating, rp.num_ratings, i.rmp_legacy_id,
                ci.course_id
         FROM course_instructors ci
         JOIN instructors i ON i.banner_id = ci.instructor_id

src/data/models.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,46 @@
 //! `sqlx` models for the database schema.
 
 use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
 use serde_json::Value;
 use ts_rs::TS;
 
+/// Serialize an `i64` as a string to avoid JavaScript precision loss for values exceeding 2^53.
+fn serialize_i64_as_string<S: Serializer>(value: &i64, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error> {
+    serializer.serialize_str(&value.to_string())
+}
+
+/// Deserialize an `i64` from either a number or a string.
+fn deserialize_i64_from_string<'de, D: Deserializer<'de>>(
+    deserializer: D,
+) -> Result<i64, D::Error> {
+    use serde::de;
+
+    struct I64OrStringVisitor;
+
+    impl<'de> de::Visitor<'de> for I64OrStringVisitor {
+        type Value = i64;
+
+        fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+            formatter.write_str("an integer or a string containing an integer")
+        }
+
+        fn visit_i64<E: de::Error>(self, value: i64) -> Result<i64, E> {
+            Ok(value)
+        }
+
+        fn visit_u64<E: de::Error>(self, value: u64) -> Result<i64, E> {
+            i64::try_from(value).map_err(|_| E::custom(format!("u64 {value} out of i64 range")))
+        }
+
+        fn visit_str<E: de::Error>(self, value: &str) -> Result<i64, E> {
+            value.parse().map_err(de::Error::custom)
+        }
+    }
+
+    deserializer.deserialize_any(I64OrStringVisitor)
+}
+
 /// Represents a meeting time stored as JSONB in the courses table.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, TS)]
 #[ts(export)]
@@ -85,6 +121,7 @@ pub struct CourseInstructorDetail {
     pub is_primary: bool,
     pub avg_rating: Option<f32>,
     pub num_ratings: Option<i32>,
+    pub rmp_legacy_id: Option<i32>,
     /// Present when fetched via batch query; `None` for single-course queries.
     pub course_id: Option<i32>,
 }
@@ -161,6 +198,11 @@ pub struct ScrapeJob {
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 #[ts(export)]
 pub struct User {
+    #[serde(
+        serialize_with = "serialize_i64_as_string",
+        deserialize_with = "deserialize_i64_from_string"
+    )]
+    #[ts(type = "string")]
     pub discord_id: i64,
     pub discord_username: String,
     pub discord_avatar_hash: Option<String>,

src/data/scrape_jobs.rs

@@ -5,11 +5,33 @@ use crate::error::Result;
 use sqlx::PgPool;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 
+/// Force-unlock all jobs that have a non-NULL `locked_at`.
+///
+/// Intended to be called once at startup to recover jobs left locked by
+/// a previous unclean shutdown (crash, OOM kill, etc.).
+///
+/// # Returns
+/// The number of jobs that were unlocked.
+pub async fn force_unlock_all(db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<u64> {
+    let result = sqlx::query("UPDATE scrape_jobs SET locked_at = NULL WHERE locked_at IS NOT NULL")
+        .execute(db_pool)
+        .await?;
+    Ok(result.rows_affected())
+}
+
+/// How long a lock can be held before it is considered expired and reclaimable.
+///
+/// This acts as a safety net for cases where a worker dies without unlocking
+/// (OOM kill, crash, network partition). Under normal operation, the worker's
+/// own job timeout fires well before this threshold.
+const LOCK_EXPIRY: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(10 * 60);
+
 /// Atomically fetch and lock the next available scrape job.
 ///
 /// Uses `FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED` to allow multiple workers to poll the queue
-/// concurrently without conflicts. Only jobs that are unlocked and ready to
-/// execute (based on `execute_at`) are considered.
+/// concurrently without conflicts. Considers jobs that are:
+/// - Unlocked and ready to execute, OR
+/// - Locked but past [`LOCK_EXPIRY`] (abandoned by a dead worker)
 ///
 /// # Arguments
 /// * `db_pool` - PostgreSQL connection pool
@@ -20,9 +42,16 @@ use std::collections::HashSet;
 pub async fn fetch_and_lock_job(db_pool: &PgPool) -> Result<Option<ScrapeJob>> {
     let mut tx = db_pool.begin().await?;
 
+    let lock_expiry_secs = LOCK_EXPIRY.as_secs() as i32;
     let job = sqlx::query_as::<_, ScrapeJob>(
-        "SELECT * FROM scrape_jobs WHERE locked_at IS NULL AND execute_at <= NOW() ORDER BY priority DESC, execute_at ASC LIMIT 1 FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED"
+        "SELECT * FROM scrape_jobs \
+         WHERE (locked_at IS NULL OR locked_at < NOW() - make_interval(secs => $1::double precision)) \
+         AND execute_at <= NOW() \
+         ORDER BY priority DESC, execute_at ASC \
+         LIMIT 1 \
+         FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED"
     )
+    .bind(lock_expiry_secs)
     .fetch_optional(&mut *tx)
     .await?;
 
@@ -90,7 +119,7 @@ pub async fn unlock_and_increment_retry(
         "UPDATE scrape_jobs
          SET locked_at = NULL, retry_count = retry_count + 1
          WHERE id = $1
-         RETURNING CASE WHEN retry_count < $2 THEN retry_count ELSE NULL END",
+         RETURNING CASE WHEN retry_count <= $2 THEN retry_count ELSE NULL END",
     )
     .bind(job_id)
     .bind(max_retries)
@@ -100,10 +129,10 @@ pub async fn unlock_and_increment_retry(
     Ok(result.is_some())
 }
 
-/// Find existing unlocked job payloads matching the given target type and candidates.
+/// Find existing job payloads matching the given target type and candidates.
 ///
-/// Returns a set of stringified JSON payloads that already exist in the queue,
-/// used for deduplication when scheduling new jobs.
+/// Returns a set of stringified JSON payloads that already exist in the queue
+/// (both locked and unlocked), used for deduplication when scheduling new jobs.
 ///
 /// # Arguments
 /// * `target_type` - The target type to filter by
@@ -111,7 +140,7 @@ pub async fn unlock_and_increment_retry(
 /// * `db_pool` - PostgreSQL connection pool
 ///
 /// # Returns
-/// A `HashSet` of stringified JSON payloads that already have pending jobs
+/// A `HashSet` of stringified JSON payloads that already have pending or in-progress jobs
 pub async fn find_existing_job_payloads(
     target_type: TargetType,
     candidate_payloads: &[serde_json::Value],
@@ -119,7 +148,7 @@ pub async fn find_existing_job_payloads(
 ) -> Result<HashSet<String>> {
     let existing_jobs: Vec<(serde_json::Value,)> = sqlx::query_as(
         "SELECT target_payload FROM scrape_jobs
-         WHERE target_type = $1 AND target_payload = ANY($2) AND locked_at IS NULL",
+         WHERE target_type = $1 AND target_payload = ANY($2)",
     )
     .bind(target_type)
     .bind(candidate_payloads)

src/main.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::app::App;
-use crate::cli::{Args, ServiceName, determine_enabled_services};
+use crate::cli::{Args, ServiceName};
 use crate::logging::setup_logging;
 use clap::Parser;
 use std::process::ExitCode;
@@ -29,9 +29,8 @@ async fn main() -> ExitCode {
     // Parse CLI arguments
     let args = Args::parse();
 
-    // Determine which services should be enabled
-    let enabled_services: Vec<ServiceName> =
-        determine_enabled_services(&args).expect("Failed to determine enabled services");
+    // Always run all services
+    let enabled_services = ServiceName::all();
 
     // Create and initialize the application
     let mut app = App::new().await.expect("Failed to initialize application");

src/scraper/mod.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ pub mod scheduler;
 pub mod worker;
 
 use crate::banner::BannerApi;
+use crate::data::scrape_jobs;
 use crate::services::Service;
 use crate::state::ReferenceCache;
 use crate::status::{ServiceStatus, ServiceStatusRegistry};
@@ -49,7 +50,17 @@ impl ScraperService {
     }
 
     /// Starts the scheduler and a pool of workers.
-    pub fn start(&mut self) {
+    ///
+    /// Force-unlocks any jobs left locked by a previous unclean shutdown before
+    /// spawning workers, so those jobs re-enter the queue immediately.
+    pub async fn start(&mut self) {
+        // Recover jobs left locked by a previous crash/unclean shutdown
+        match scrape_jobs::force_unlock_all(&self.db_pool).await {
+            Ok(0) => {}
+            Ok(count) => warn!(count, "Force-unlocked stale jobs from previous run"),
+            Err(e) => warn!(error = ?e, "Failed to force-unlock stale jobs"),
+        }
+
         info!("ScraperService starting");
 
         // Create shutdown channel
@@ -92,7 +103,7 @@ impl Service for ScraperService {
     }
 
     async fn run(&mut self) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-        self.start();
+        self.start().await;
         std::future::pending::<()>().await;
         Ok(())
     }

src/scraper/worker.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ use tokio::sync::broadcast;
 use tokio::time;
 use tracing::{Instrument, debug, error, info, trace, warn};
 
+/// Maximum time a single job is allowed to run before being considered stuck.
+const JOB_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5 * 60);
+
 /// A single worker instance.
 ///
 /// Each worker runs in its own asynchronous task and continuously polls the
@@ -62,13 +65,23 @@ impl Worker {
             let max_retries = job.max_retries;
             let start = std::time::Instant::now();
 
-            // Process the job, racing against shutdown signal
+            // Process the job, racing against shutdown signal and timeout
             let process_result = tokio::select! {
                 _ = shutdown_rx.recv() => {
                     self.handle_shutdown_during_processing(job_id).await;
                     break;
                 }
-                result = self.process_job(job) => result
+                result = async {
+                    match time::timeout(JOB_TIMEOUT, self.process_job(job)).await {
+                        Ok(result) => result,
+                        Err(_elapsed) => {
+                            Err(JobError::Recoverable(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                                "job timed out after {}s",
+                                JOB_TIMEOUT.as_secs()
+                            )))
+                        }
+                    }
+                } => result
             };
 
             let duration = start.elapsed();

src/web/routes.rs

@@ -244,20 +244,130 @@ async fn status(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Json<StatusResponse> {
 }
 
 /// Metrics endpoint for monitoring
-async fn metrics() -> Json<Value> {
-    // For now, return basic metrics structure
-    Json(json!({
-        "banner_api": {
-            "status": "connected"
-        },
-        "timestamp": chrono::Utc::now().to_rfc3339()
-    }))
+async fn metrics(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Query(params): Query<MetricsParams>,
+) -> Result<Json<Value>, (AxumStatusCode, String)> {
+    let limit = params.limit.clamp(1, 5000);
+
+    // Parse range shorthand, defaulting to 24h
+    let range_str = params.range.as_deref().unwrap_or("24h");
+    let duration = match range_str {
+        "1h" => chrono::Duration::hours(1),
+        "6h" => chrono::Duration::hours(6),
+        "24h" => chrono::Duration::hours(24),
+        "7d" => chrono::Duration::days(7),
+        "30d" => chrono::Duration::days(30),
+        _ => {
+            return Err((
+                AxumStatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+                format!("Invalid range '{range_str}'. Valid: 1h, 6h, 24h, 7d, 30d"),
+            ));
+        }
+    };
+    let since = chrono::Utc::now() - duration;
+
+    // Resolve course_id: explicit param takes priority, then term+crn lookup
+    let course_id = if let Some(id) = params.course_id {
+        Some(id)
+    } else if let (Some(term), Some(crn)) = (params.term.as_deref(), params.crn.as_deref()) {
+        let row: Option<(i32,)> =
+            sqlx::query_as("SELECT id FROM courses WHERE term_code = $1 AND crn = $2")
+                .bind(term)
+                .bind(crn)
+                .fetch_optional(&state.db_pool)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| {
+                    tracing::error!(error = %e, "Course lookup for metrics failed");
+                    (
+                        AxumStatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                        "Course lookup failed".to_string(),
+                    )
+                })?;
+        row.map(|(id,)| id)
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+
+    // Build query dynamically based on filters
+    let metrics: Vec<(i32, i32, chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>, i32, i32, i32)> =
+        if let Some(cid) = course_id {
+            sqlx::query_as(
+                "SELECT id, course_id, timestamp, enrollment, wait_count, seats_available \
+             FROM course_metrics \
+             WHERE course_id = $1 AND timestamp >= $2 \
+             ORDER BY timestamp DESC \
+             LIMIT $3",
+            )
+            .bind(cid)
+            .bind(since)
+            .bind(limit)
+            .fetch_all(&state.db_pool)
+            .await
+        } else {
+            sqlx::query_as(
+                "SELECT id, course_id, timestamp, enrollment, wait_count, seats_available \
+             FROM course_metrics \
+             WHERE timestamp >= $1 \
+             ORDER BY timestamp DESC \
+             LIMIT $2",
+            )
+            .bind(since)
+            .bind(limit)
+            .fetch_all(&state.db_pool)
+            .await
+        }
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            tracing::error!(error = %e, "Metrics query failed");
+            (
+                AxumStatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "Metrics query failed".to_string(),
+            )
+        })?;
+
+    let count = metrics.len();
+    let metrics_json: Vec<Value> = metrics
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(
+            |(id, course_id, timestamp, enrollment, wait_count, seats_available)| {
+                json!({
+                    "id": id,
+                    "courseId": course_id,
+                    "timestamp": timestamp.to_rfc3339(),
+                    "enrollment": enrollment,
+                    "waitCount": wait_count,
+                    "seatsAvailable": seats_available,
+                })
+            },
+        )
+        .collect();
+
+    Ok(Json(json!({
+        "metrics": metrics_json,
+        "count": count,
+        "timestamp": chrono::Utc::now().to_rfc3339(),
+    })))
 }
 
 // ============================================================
 // Course search & detail API
 // ============================================================
 
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct MetricsParams {
+    course_id: Option<i32>,
+    term: Option<String>,
+    crn: Option<String>,
+    /// Shorthand durations: "1h", "6h", "24h", "7d", "30d"
+    range: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default = "default_metrics_limit")]
+    limit: i32,
+}
+
+fn default_metrics_limit() -> i32 {
+    500
+}
+
 #[derive(Deserialize)]
 struct SubjectsParams {
     term: String,
@@ -329,6 +439,7 @@ pub struct InstructorResponse {
     is_primary: bool,
     rmp_rating: Option<f32>,
     rmp_num_ratings: Option<i32>,
+    rmp_legacy_id: Option<i32>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Serialize, TS)]
@@ -363,6 +474,7 @@ fn build_course_response(
             is_primary: i.is_primary,
             rmp_rating: i.avg_rating,
             rmp_num_ratings: i.num_ratings,
+            rmp_legacy_id: i.rmp_legacy_id,
         })
         .collect();
 

tests/db_batch_upsert.rs

@@ -210,3 +210,116 @@ async fn test_batch_upsert_unique_constraint_crn_term(pool: PgPool) {
     assert_eq!(rows[1].0, "202520");
     assert_eq!(rows[1].1, 10);
 }
+
+#[sqlx::test]
+async fn test_batch_upsert_creates_audit_and_metric_entries(pool: PgPool) {
+    // Insert initial data — should NOT create audits/metrics (it's a fresh insert)
+    let initial = vec![helpers::make_course(
+        "50001",
+        "202510",
+        "CS",
+        "3443",
+        "App Programming",
+        10,
+        35,
+        0,
+        5,
+    )];
+    batch_upsert_courses(&initial, &pool).await.unwrap();
+
+    let (audit_count,): (i64,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course_audits")
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        audit_count, 0,
+        "initial insert should not create audit entries"
+    );
+
+    let (metric_count,): (i64,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course_metrics")
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        metric_count, 0,
+        "initial insert should not create metric entries"
+    );
+
+    // Update enrollment and wait_count
+    let updated = vec![helpers::make_course(
+        "50001",
+        "202510",
+        "CS",
+        "3443",
+        "App Programming",
+        20,
+        35,
+        2,
+        5,
+    )];
+    batch_upsert_courses(&updated, &pool).await.unwrap();
+
+    // Should have audit entries for enrollment and wait_count changes
+    let (audit_count,): (i64,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course_audits")
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert!(
+        audit_count >= 2,
+        "should have audit entries for enrollment and wait_count changes, got {audit_count}"
+    );
+
+    // Should have exactly 1 metric entry
+    let (metric_count,): (i64,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course_metrics")
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(metric_count, 1, "should have 1 metric snapshot");
+
+    // Verify metric values
+    let (enrollment, wait_count, seats): (i32, i32, i32) = sqlx::query_as(
+        "SELECT enrollment, wait_count, seats_available FROM course_metrics LIMIT 1",
+    )
+    .fetch_one(&pool)
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(enrollment, 20);
+    assert_eq!(wait_count, 2);
+    assert_eq!(seats, 15); // 35 - 20
+}
+
+#[sqlx::test]
+async fn test_batch_upsert_no_change_no_audit(pool: PgPool) {
+    // Insert then re-insert identical data — should produce zero audits/metrics
+    let course = vec![helpers::make_course(
+        "60001",
+        "202510",
+        "CS",
+        "1083",
+        "Intro to CS",
+        25,
+        30,
+        0,
+        5,
+    )];
+    batch_upsert_courses(&course, &pool).await.unwrap();
+    batch_upsert_courses(&course, &pool).await.unwrap();
+
+    let (audit_count,): (i64,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course_audits")
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        audit_count, 0,
+        "identical re-upsert should not create audit entries"
+    );
+
+    let (metric_count,): (i64,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM course_metrics")
+        .fetch_one(&pool)
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(
+        metric_count, 0,
+        "identical re-upsert should not create metric entries"
+    );
+}

tests/db_scrape_jobs.rs

@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ async fn unlock_and_increment_retry_exhausted(pool: PgPool) {
         json!({"subject": "CS"}),
         ScrapePriority::Medium,
         true,
-        2, // retry_count
+        3, // retry_count (already used all 3 retries)
         3, // max_retries
     )
     .await;
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ async fn unlock_and_increment_retry_exhausted(pool: PgPool) {
         .unwrap();
     assert!(
         !has_retries,
-        "should NOT have retries remaining (2→3, max=3)"
+        "should NOT have retries remaining (3→4, max=3)"
     );
 
     let (retry_count,): (i32,) =
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ async fn unlock_and_increment_retry_exhausted(pool: PgPool) {
             .fetch_one(&pool)
             .await
             .unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(retry_count, 3);
+    assert_eq!(retry_count, 4);
 }
 
 #[sqlx::test]
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ async fn find_existing_payloads_returns_matching(pool: PgPool) {
 }
 
 #[sqlx::test]
-async fn find_existing_payloads_ignores_locked(pool: PgPool) {
+async fn find_existing_payloads_includes_locked(pool: PgPool) {
     let payload = json!({"subject": "CS"});
 
     helpers::insert_scrape_job(
@@ -365,7 +365,10 @@ async fn find_existing_payloads_ignores_locked(pool: PgPool) {
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-    assert!(existing.is_empty(), "locked jobs should be ignored");
+    assert!(
+        existing.contains(&payload.to_string()),
+        "locked jobs should be included in deduplication"
+    );
 }
 
 #[sqlx::test]

web/src/app.html

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <!doctype html>
-<html lang="en" class="no-transition">
+<html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="utf-8" />
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />

web/src/lib/api.ts

@@ -72,6 +72,29 @@ export interface AuditLogResponse {
   entries: AuditLogEntry[];
 }
 
+export interface MetricEntry {
+  id: number;
+  courseId: number;
+  timestamp: string;
+  enrollment: number;
+  waitCount: number;
+  seatsAvailable: number;
+}
+
+export interface MetricsResponse {
+  metrics: MetricEntry[];
+  count: number;
+  timestamp: string;
+}
+
+export interface MetricsParams {
+  course_id?: number;
+  term?: string;
+  crn?: string;
+  range?: "1h" | "6h" | "24h" | "7d" | "30d";
+  limit?: number;
+}
+
 export interface SearchParams {
   term: string;
   subjects?: string[];
@@ -144,7 +167,7 @@ export class BannerApiClient {
     return this.request<User[]>("/admin/users");
   }
 
-  async setUserAdmin(discordId: bigint, isAdmin: boolean): Promise<User> {
+  async setUserAdmin(discordId: string, isAdmin: boolean): Promise<User> {
     const response = await this.fetchFn(`${this.baseUrl}/admin/users/${discordId}/admin`, {
       method: "PUT",
       headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
@@ -161,6 +184,17 @@ export class BannerApiClient {
   async getAdminAuditLog(): Promise<AuditLogResponse> {
     return this.request<AuditLogResponse>("/admin/audit-log");
   }
+
+  async getMetrics(params?: MetricsParams): Promise<MetricsResponse> {
+    const query = new URLSearchParams();
+    if (params?.course_id !== undefined) query.set("course_id", String(params.course_id));
+    if (params?.term) query.set("term", params.term);
+    if (params?.crn) query.set("crn", params.crn);
+    if (params?.range) query.set("range", params.range);
+    if (params?.limit !== undefined) query.set("limit", String(params.limit));
+    const qs = query.toString();
+    return this.request<MetricsResponse>(`/metrics${qs ? `?${qs}` : ""}`);
+  }
 }
 
 export const client = new BannerApiClient();

web/src/lib/components/CourseDetail.svelte

@@ -7,13 +7,16 @@ import {
   formatMeetingDaysLong,
   isMeetingTimeTBA,
   isTimeTBA,
-  ratingColor,
+  ratingStyle,
+  rmpUrl,
+  RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD,
 } from "$lib/course";
+import { themeStore } from "$lib/stores/theme.svelte";
 import { useClipboard } from "$lib/composables/useClipboard.svelte";
 import { cn, tooltipContentClass } from "$lib/utils";
 import { Tooltip } from "bits-ui";
 import SimpleTooltip from "./SimpleTooltip.svelte";
-import { Info, Copy, Check } from "@lucide/svelte";
+import { Info, Copy, Check, Star, Triangle, ExternalLink } from "@lucide/svelte";
 
 let { course }: { course: CourseResponse } = $props();
 
@@ -21,206 +24,283 @@ const clipboard = useClipboard();
 </script>
 
 <div class="bg-muted/60 p-5 text-sm border-b border-border">
-  <div class="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-    <!-- Instructors -->
-    <div>
-      <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-        Instructors
-      </h4>
-      {#if course.instructors.length > 0}
-        <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
-          {#each course.instructors as instructor}
-            <Tooltip.Root delayDuration={200}>
-              <Tooltip.Trigger>
-                <span
-                  class="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium bg-card border border-border rounded-md px-2.5 py-1 text-foreground hover:border-foreground/20 hover:bg-card/80 transition-colors"
-                >
-                  {instructor.displayName}
-                  {#if instructor.rmpRating != null}
-                    {@const rating = instructor.rmpRating}
-                    <span
-                      class="text-[10px] font-semibold {ratingColor(rating)}"
-                    >{rating.toFixed(1)}★</span>
-                  {/if}
-                </span>
-              </Tooltip.Trigger>
-              <Tooltip.Content
-                sideOffset={6}
-                class={cn(tooltipContentClass, "px-3 py-2")}
-              >
-                <div class="space-y-1.5">
-                  <div class="font-medium">{instructor.displayName}</div>
-                  {#if instructor.isPrimary}
-                    <div class="text-muted-foreground">Primary instructor</div>
-                  {/if}
-                  {#if instructor.rmpRating != null}
-                    <div class="text-muted-foreground">
-                      {instructor.rmpRating.toFixed(1)}/5 ({instructor.rmpNumRatings ?? 0} ratings)
-                    </div>
-                  {/if}
-                  {#if instructor.email}
-                    <button
-                      onclick={(e) => clipboard.copy(instructor.email!, e)}
-                      class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors cursor-pointer"
-                    >
-                      {#if clipboard.copiedValue === instructor.email}
-                        <Check class="size-3" />
-                        <span>Copied!</span>
-                      {:else}
-                        <Copy class="size-3" />
-                        <span>{instructor.email}</span>
-                      {/if}
-                    </button>
-                  {/if}
+    <div class="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
+        <!-- Instructors -->
+        <div>
+            <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">Instructors</h4>
+            {#if course.instructors.length > 0}
+                <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+                    {#each course.instructors as instructor}
+                        <Tooltip.Root delayDuration={200}>
+                            <Tooltip.Trigger>
+                                <span
+                                    class="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium bg-card border border-border rounded-md px-2.5 py-1 text-foreground hover:border-foreground/20 hover:bg-card/80 transition-colors"
+                                >
+                                    {instructor.displayName}
+                                    {#if instructor.rmpRating != null}
+                                        {@const rating = instructor.rmpRating}
+                                        {@const lowConfidence =
+                                            (instructor.rmpNumRatings ?? 0) <
+                                            RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD}
+                                        <span
+                                            class="text-[10px] font-semibold inline-flex items-center gap-0.5"
+                                            style={ratingStyle(
+                                                rating,
+                                                themeStore.isDark,
+                                            )}
+                                        >
+                                            {rating.toFixed(1)}
+                                            {#if lowConfidence}
+                                                <Triangle
+                                                    class="size-2 fill-current"
+                                                />
+                                            {:else}
+                                                <Star
+                                                    class="size-2.5 fill-current"
+                                                />
+                                            {/if}
+                                        </span>
+                                    {/if}
+                                </span>
+                            </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                            <Tooltip.Content
+                                sideOffset={6}
+                                class={cn(tooltipContentClass, "px-3 py-2")}
+                            >
+                                <div class="space-y-1.5">
+                                    <div class="font-medium">
+                                        {instructor.displayName}
+                                    </div>
+                                    {#if instructor.isPrimary}
+                                        <div class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                            Primary instructor
+                                        </div>
+                                    {/if}
+                                    {#if instructor.rmpRating != null}
+                                        <div class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                            {instructor.rmpRating.toFixed(1)}/5
+                                            · {instructor.rmpNumRatings ?? 0} ratings
+                                            {#if (instructor.rmpNumRatings ?? 0) < RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD}
+                                                (low)
+                                            {/if}
+                                        </div>
+                                    {/if}
+                                    {#if instructor.rmpLegacyId != null}
+                                        <a
+                                            href={rmpUrl(
+                                                instructor.rmpLegacyId,
+                                            )}
+                                            target="_blank"
+                                            rel="noopener"
+                                            class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors"
+                                        >
+                                            <ExternalLink class="size-3" />
+                                            <span>View on RMP</span>
+                                        </a>
+                                    {/if}
+                                    {#if instructor.email}
+                                        <button
+                                            onclick={(e) =>
+                                                clipboard.copy(
+                                                    instructor.email!,
+                                                    e,
+                                                )}
+                                            class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors cursor-pointer"
+                                        >
+                                            {#if clipboard.copiedValue === instructor.email}
+                                                <Check class="size-3" />
+                                                <span>Copied!</span>
+                                            {:else}
+                                                <Copy class="size-3" />
+                                                <span>{instructor.email}</span>
+                                            {/if}
+                                        </button>
+                                    {/if}
+                                </div>
+                            </Tooltip.Content>
+                        </Tooltip.Root>
+                    {/each}
                 </div>
-              </Tooltip.Content>
-            </Tooltip.Root>
-          {/each}
-        </div>
-      {:else}
-        <span class="text-muted-foreground italic">Staff</span>
-      {/if}
-    </div>
-
-    <!-- Meeting Times -->
-    <div>
-      <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-        Meeting Times
-      </h4>
-      {#if course.meetingTimes.length > 0}
-        <ul class="space-y-2">
-          {#each course.meetingTimes as mt}
-            <li>
-              {#if isMeetingTimeTBA(mt) && isTimeTBA(mt)}
-                <span class="italic text-muted-foreground">TBA</span>
-              {:else}
-                <div class="flex items-baseline gap-1.5">
-                  {#if !isMeetingTimeTBA(mt)}
-                    <span class="font-medium text-foreground">
-                      {formatMeetingDaysLong(mt)}
-                    </span>
-                  {/if}
-                  {#if !isTimeTBA(mt)}
-                    <span class="text-muted-foreground">
-                      {formatTime(mt.begin_time)}&ndash;{formatTime(mt.end_time)}
-                    </span>
-                  {:else}
-                    <span class="italic text-muted-foreground">Time TBA</span>
-                  {/if}
-                </div>
-              {/if}
-              {#if mt.building || mt.room}
-                <div class="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-0.5">
-                  {mt.building_description ?? mt.building}{mt.room ? ` ${mt.room}` : ""}
-                </div>
-              {/if}
-              <div class="text-xs text-muted-foreground/70 mt-0.5">
-                {formatDate(mt.start_date)} &ndash; {formatDate(mt.end_date)}
-              </div>
-            </li>
-          {/each}
-        </ul>
-      {:else}
-        <span class="italic text-muted-foreground">TBA</span>
-      {/if}
-    </div>
-
-    <!-- Delivery -->
-    <div>
-      <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-        <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-          Delivery
-          <SimpleTooltip text="How the course is taught: in-person, online, hybrid, etc." delay={150} passthrough>
-            <Info class="size-3 text-muted-foreground/50" />
-          </SimpleTooltip>
-        </span>
-      </h4>
-      <span class="text-foreground">
-        {course.instructionalMethod ?? "—"}
-        {#if course.campus}
-          <span class="text-muted-foreground"> · {course.campus}</span>
-        {/if}
-      </span>
-    </div>
-
-    <!-- Credits -->
-    <div>
-      <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-        Credits
-      </h4>
-      <span class="text-foreground">{formatCreditHours(course)}</span>
-    </div>
-
-    <!-- Attributes -->
-    {#if course.attributes.length > 0}
-      <div>
-        <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-          <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-            Attributes
-            <SimpleTooltip text="Course flags for degree requirements, core curriculum, or special designations" delay={150} passthrough>
-              <Info class="size-3 text-muted-foreground/50" />
-            </SimpleTooltip>
-          </span>
-        </h4>
-        <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
-          {#each course.attributes as attr}
-            <SimpleTooltip text="Course attribute code" delay={150} passthrough>
-              <span
-                class="inline-flex text-xs font-medium bg-card border border-border rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground hover:border-foreground/20 transition-colors"
-              >
-                {attr}
-              </span>
-            </SimpleTooltip>
-          {/each}
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    {/if}
-
-    <!-- Cross-list -->
-    {#if course.crossList}
-      <div>
-        <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-          <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-            Cross-list
-            <SimpleTooltip text="Cross-listed sections share enrollment across multiple course numbers. Students in any linked section attend the same class." delay={150} passthrough>
-              <Info class="size-3 text-muted-foreground/50" />
-            </SimpleTooltip>
-          </span>
-        </h4>
-        <Tooltip.Root delayDuration={150} disableHoverableContent>
-          <Tooltip.Trigger>
-            <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-foreground font-mono">
-              <span class="bg-card border border-border rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium">
-                {course.crossList}
-              </span>
-              {#if course.crossListCount != null && course.crossListCapacity != null}
-                <span class="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
-                  {course.crossListCount}/{course.crossListCapacity}
-                </span>
-              {/if}
-            </span>
-          </Tooltip.Trigger>
-          <Tooltip.Content
-            sideOffset={6}
-            class={tooltipContentClass}
-          >
-            Group <span class="font-mono font-medium">{course.crossList}</span>
-            {#if course.crossListCount != null && course.crossListCapacity != null}
-              — {course.crossListCount} enrolled across {course.crossListCapacity} shared seats
+            {:else}
+                <span class="text-muted-foreground italic">Staff</span>
             {/if}
-          </Tooltip.Content>
-        </Tooltip.Root>
-      </div>
-    {/if}
+        </div>
 
-    <!-- Waitlist -->
-    {#if course.waitCapacity > 0}
-      <div>
-        <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
-          Waitlist
-        </h4>
-        <span class="text-foreground">{course.waitCount} / {course.waitCapacity}</span>
-      </div>
-    {/if}
-  </div>
+        <!-- Meeting Times -->
+        <div>
+            <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">Meeting Times</h4>
+            {#if course.meetingTimes.length > 0}
+                <ul class="space-y-2">
+                    {#each course.meetingTimes as mt}
+                        <li>
+                            {#if isMeetingTimeTBA(mt) && isTimeTBA(mt)}
+                                <span class="italic text-muted-foreground"
+                                    >TBA</span
+                                >
+                            {:else}
+                                <div class="flex items-baseline gap-1.5">
+                                    {#if !isMeetingTimeTBA(mt)}
+                                        <span
+                                            class="font-medium text-foreground"
+                                        >
+                                            {formatMeetingDaysLong(mt)}
+                                        </span>
+                                    {/if}
+                                    {#if !isTimeTBA(mt)}
+                                        <span class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                            {formatTime(
+                                                mt.begin_time,
+                                            )}&ndash;{formatTime(mt.end_time)}
+                                        </span>
+                                    {:else}
+                                        <span
+                                            class="italic text-muted-foreground"
+                                            >Time TBA</span
+                                        >
+                                    {/if}
+                                </div>
+                            {/if}
+                            {#if mt.building || mt.room}
+                                <div
+                                    class="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-0.5"
+                                >
+                                    {mt.building_description ??
+                                        mt.building}{mt.room
+                                        ? ` ${mt.room}`
+                                        : ""}
+                                </div>
+                            {/if}
+                            <div
+                                class="text-xs text-muted-foreground/70 mt-0.5"
+                            >
+                                {formatDate(mt.start_date)} &ndash; {formatDate(
+                                    mt.end_date,
+                                )}
+                            </div>
+                        </li>
+                    {/each}
+                </ul>
+            {:else}
+                <span class="italic text-muted-foreground">TBA</span>
+            {/if}
+        </div>
+
+        <!-- Delivery -->
+        <div>
+            <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
+                <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
+                    Delivery
+                    <SimpleTooltip
+                        text="How the course is taught: in-person, online, hybrid, etc."
+                        delay={150}
+                        passthrough
+                    >
+                        <Info class="size-3 text-muted-foreground/50" />
+                    </SimpleTooltip>
+                </span>
+            </h4>
+            <span class="text-foreground">
+                {course.instructionalMethod ?? "—"}
+                {#if course.campus}
+                    <span class="text-muted-foreground">
+                        · {course.campus}
+                    </span>
+                {/if}
+            </span>
+        </div>
+
+        <!-- Credits -->
+        <div>
+            <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">Credits</h4>
+            <span class="text-foreground">{formatCreditHours(course)}</span>
+        </div>
+
+        <!-- Attributes -->
+        {#if course.attributes.length > 0}
+            <div>
+                <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
+                    <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
+                        Attributes
+                        <SimpleTooltip
+                            text="Course flags for degree requirements, core curriculum, or special designations"
+                            delay={150}
+                            passthrough
+                        >
+                            <Info class="size-3 text-muted-foreground/50" />
+                        </SimpleTooltip>
+                    </span>
+                </h4>
+                <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+                    {#each course.attributes as attr}
+                        <SimpleTooltip
+                            text="Course attribute code"
+                            delay={150}
+                            passthrough
+                        >
+                            <span
+                                class="inline-flex text-xs font-medium bg-card border border-border rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground hover:border-foreground/20 transition-colors"
+                            >
+                                {attr}
+                            </span>
+                        </SimpleTooltip>
+                    {/each}
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        {/if}
+
+        <!-- Cross-list -->
+        {#if course.crossList}
+            <div>
+                <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">
+                    <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
+                        Cross-list
+                        <SimpleTooltip
+                            text="Cross-listed sections share enrollment across multiple course numbers. Students in any linked section attend the same class."
+                            delay={150}
+                            passthrough
+                        >
+                            <Info class="size-3 text-muted-foreground/50" />
+                        </SimpleTooltip>
+                    </span>
+                </h4>
+                <Tooltip.Root delayDuration={150} disableHoverableContent>
+                    <Tooltip.Trigger>
+                        <span
+                            class="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-foreground font-mono"
+                        >
+                            <span
+                                class="bg-card border border-border rounded-md px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium"
+                            >
+                                {course.crossList}
+                            </span>
+                            {#if course.crossListCount != null && course.crossListCapacity != null}
+                                <span class="text-muted-foreground text-xs">
+                                    {course.crossListCount}/{course.crossListCapacity}
+                                </span>
+                            {/if}
+                        </span>
+                    </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                    <Tooltip.Content sideOffset={6} class={tooltipContentClass}>
+                        Group <span class="font-mono font-medium"
+                            >{course.crossList}</span
+                        >
+                        {#if course.crossListCount != null && course.crossListCapacity != null}
+                            — {course.crossListCount} enrolled across {course.crossListCapacity}
+                            shared seats
+                        {/if}
+                    </Tooltip.Content>
+                </Tooltip.Root>
+            </div>
+        {/if}
+
+        <!-- Waitlist -->
+        {#if course.waitCapacity > 0}
+            <div>
+                <h4 class="text-sm text-foreground mb-2">Waitlist</h4>
+                <span class="text-2foreground"
+                    >{course.waitCount} / {course.waitCapacity}</span
+                >
+            </div>
+        {/if}
+    </div>
 </div>

web/src/lib/components/CourseTable.svelte

@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ import {
   openSeats,
   seatsColor,
   seatsDotColor,
-  ratingColor,
+  ratingStyle,
+  rmpUrl,
+  RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD,
 } from "$lib/course";
+import { themeStore } from "$lib/stores/theme.svelte";
 import { useClipboard } from "$lib/composables/useClipboard.svelte";
 import { useOverlayScrollbars } from "$lib/composables/useOverlayScrollbars.svelte";
 import CourseDetail from "./CourseDetail.svelte";
@@ -31,8 +34,19 @@ import {
   type VisibilityState,
   type Updater,
 } from "@tanstack/table-core";
-import { ArrowUp, ArrowDown, ArrowUpDown, Columns3, Check, RotateCcw } from "@lucide/svelte";
-import { DropdownMenu, ContextMenu } from "bits-ui";
+import {
+  ArrowUp,
+  ArrowDown,
+  ArrowUpDown,
+  Columns3,
+  Check,
+  RotateCcw,
+  Star,
+  Triangle,
+  ExternalLink,
+} from "@lucide/svelte";
+import { DropdownMenu, ContextMenu, Tooltip } from "bits-ui";
+import { cn, tooltipContentClass } from "$lib/utils";
 import SimpleTooltip from "./SimpleTooltip.svelte";
 
 let {
@@ -91,10 +105,16 @@ function primaryInstructorDisplay(course: CourseResponse): string {
   return abbreviateInstructor(primary.displayName);
 }
 
-function primaryRating(course: CourseResponse): { rating: number; count: number } | null {
+function primaryRating(
+  course: CourseResponse
+): { rating: number; count: number; legacyId: number | null } | null {
   const primary = getPrimaryInstructor(course.instructors);
   if (!primary?.rmpRating) return null;
-  return { rating: primary.rmpRating, count: primary.rmpNumRatings ?? 0 };
+  return {
+    rating: primary.rmpRating,
+    count: primary.rmpNumRatings ?? 0,
+    legacyId: primary.rmpLegacyId ?? null,
+  };
 }
 
 function timeIsTBA(course: CourseResponse): boolean {
@@ -207,8 +227,7 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
         </GroupHeading>
         {#each columns as col}
             {@const id = col.id!}
-            {@const label =
-                typeof col.header === "string" ? col.header : id}
+            {@const label = typeof col.header === "string" ? col.header : id}
             <CheckboxItem
                 checked={columnVisibility[id] !== false}
                 closeOnSelect={false}
@@ -269,12 +288,12 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                 transition:fly={{ duration: 150, y: -10 }}
                             >
                                 {@render columnVisibilityGroup(
-                    DropdownMenu.Group,
-                    DropdownMenu.GroupHeading,
-                    DropdownMenu.CheckboxItem,
-                    DropdownMenu.Separator,
-                    DropdownMenu.Item,
-                )}
+                                    DropdownMenu.Group,
+                                    DropdownMenu.GroupHeading,
+                                    DropdownMenu.CheckboxItem,
+                                    DropdownMenu.Separator,
+                                    DropdownMenu.Item,
+                                )}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     {/if}
@@ -384,7 +403,10 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                         {@const course = row.original}
                         <tbody
                             animate:flip={{ duration: 300 }}
-                            in:fade={{ duration: 200, delay: Math.min(i * 20, 400) }}
+                            in:fade={{
+                                duration: 200,
+                                delay: Math.min(i * 20, 400),
+                            }}
                         >
                             <tr
                                 class="border-b border-border cursor-pointer hover:bg-muted/50 transition-colors whitespace-nowrap {expandedCrn ===
@@ -405,9 +427,15 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                                         e,
                                                     )}
                                                 onkeydown={(e) => {
-                                                    if (e.key === "Enter" || e.key === " ") {
+                                                    if (
+                                                        e.key === "Enter" ||
+                                                        e.key === " "
+                                                    ) {
                                                         e.preventDefault();
-                                                        clipboard.copy(course.crn, e);
+                                                        clipboard.copy(
+                                                            course.crn,
+                                                            e,
+                                                        );
                                                     }
                                                 }}
                                                 aria-label="Copy CRN {course.crn} to clipboard"
@@ -468,9 +496,12 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                         {@const primary = getPrimaryInstructor(
                                             course.instructors,
                                         )}
-                                        {@const display = primaryInstructorDisplay(course)}
-                                        {@const commaIdx = display.indexOf(", ")}
-                                        {@const ratingData = primaryRating(course)}
+                                        {@const display =
+                                            primaryInstructorDisplay(course)}
+                                        {@const commaIdx =
+                                            display.indexOf(", ")}
+                                        {@const ratingData =
+                                            primaryRating(course)}
                                         <td class="py-2 px-2 whitespace-nowrap">
                                             {#if display === "Staff"}
                                                 <span
@@ -486,38 +517,98 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                                     passthrough
                                                 >
                                                     {#if commaIdx !== -1}
-                                                        <span>{display.slice(0, commaIdx)},
-                                                            <span class="text-muted-foreground">{display.slice(commaIdx + 1)}</span
-                                                        ></span>
+                                                        <span
+                                                            >{display.slice(
+                                                                0,
+                                                                commaIdx,
+                                                            )},
+                                                            <span
+                                                                class="text-muted-foreground"
+                                                                >{display.slice(
+                                                                    commaIdx +
+                                                                        1,
+                                                                )}</span
+                                                            ></span
+                                                        >
                                                     {:else}
                                                         <span>{display}</span>
                                                     {/if}
                                                 </SimpleTooltip>
                                             {/if}
                                             {#if ratingData}
-                                                <SimpleTooltip
-                                                    text="{ratingData.rating.toFixed(
-                                                        1,
-                                                    )}/5 ({ratingData.count} ratings on RateMyProfessors)"
-                                                    delay={150}
-                                                    side="bottom"
-                                                    passthrough
+                                                {@const lowConfidence =
+                                                    ratingData.count <
+                                                    RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD}
+                                                <Tooltip.Root
+                                                    delayDuration={150}
                                                 >
-                                                    <span
-                                                        class="ml-1 text-xs font-medium {ratingColor(
-                                                            ratingData.rating,
-                                                        )}"
-                                                        >{ratingData.rating.toFixed(
-                                                            1,
-                                                        )}★</span
+                                                    <Tooltip.Trigger>
+                                                        <span
+                                                            class="ml-1 text-xs font-medium inline-flex items-center gap-0.5"
+                                                            style={ratingStyle(
+                                                                ratingData.rating,
+                                                                themeStore.isDark,
+                                                            )}
+                                                        >
+                                                            {ratingData.rating.toFixed(
+                                                                1,
+                                                            )}
+                                                            {#if lowConfidence}
+                                                                <Triangle
+                                                                    class="size-2 fill-current"
+                                                                />
+                                                            {:else}
+                                                                <Star
+                                                                    class="size-2.5 fill-current"
+                                                                />
+                                                            {/if}
+                                                        </span>
+                                                    </Tooltip.Trigger>
+                                                    <Tooltip.Content
+                                                        side="bottom"
+                                                        sideOffset={6}
+                                                        class={cn(
+                                                            tooltipContentClass,
+                                                            "px-2.5 py-1.5",
+                                                        )}
                                                     >
-                                                </SimpleTooltip>
+                                                        <span
+                                                            class="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-xs"
+                                                        >
+                                                            {ratingData.rating.toFixed(
+                                                                1,
+                                                            )}/5 · {ratingData.count}
+                                                            ratings
+                                                            {#if (ratingData.count ?? 0) < RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD}
+                                                                (low)
+                                                            {/if}
+                                                            {#if ratingData.legacyId != null}
+                                                                ·
+                                                                <a
+                                                                    href={rmpUrl(
+                                                                        ratingData.legacyId,
+                                                                    )}
+                                                                    target="_blank"
+                                                                    rel="noopener"
+                                                                    class="inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors"
+                                                                >
+                                                                    RMP
+                                                                    <ExternalLink
+                                                                        class="size-3"
+                                                                    />
+                                                                </a>
+                                                            {/if}
+                                                        </span>
+                                                    </Tooltip.Content>
+                                                </Tooltip.Root>
                                             {/if}
                                         </td>
                                     {:else if colId === "time"}
                                         <td class="py-2 px-2 whitespace-nowrap">
                                             <SimpleTooltip
-                                                text={formatMeetingTimesTooltip(course.meetingTimes)}
+                                                text={formatMeetingTimesTooltip(
+                                                    course.meetingTimes,
+                                                )}
                                                 passthrough
                                             >
                                                 {#if timeIsTBA(course)}
@@ -566,10 +657,14 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                             </SimpleTooltip>
                                         </td>
                                     {:else if colId === "location"}
-                                        {@const concern = getDeliveryConcern(course)}
-                                        {@const accentColor = concernAccentColor(concern)}
-                                        {@const locTooltip = formatLocationTooltip(course)}
-                                        {@const locDisplay = formatLocationDisplay(course)}
+                                        {@const concern =
+                                            getDeliveryConcern(course)}
+                                        {@const accentColor =
+                                            concernAccentColor(concern)}
+                                        {@const locTooltip =
+                                            formatLocationTooltip(course)}
+                                        {@const locDisplay =
+                                            formatLocationDisplay(course)}
                                         <td class="py-2 px-2 whitespace-nowrap">
                                             {#if locTooltip}
                                                 <SimpleTooltip
@@ -579,18 +674,26 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                                 >
                                                     <span
                                                         class="text-muted-foreground"
-                                                        class:pl-2={accentColor !== null}
-                                                        style:border-left={accentColor ? `2px solid ${accentColor}` : undefined}
+                                                        class:pl-2={accentColor !==
+                                                            null}
+                                                        style:border-left={accentColor
+                                                            ? `2px solid ${accentColor}`
+                                                            : undefined}
                                                     >
                                                         {locDisplay ?? "—"}
                                                     </span>
                                                 </SimpleTooltip>
                                             {:else if locDisplay}
-                                                <span class="text-muted-foreground">
+                                                <span
+                                                    class="text-muted-foreground"
+                                                >
                                                     {locDisplay}
                                                 </span>
                                             {:else}
-                                                <span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground/50">—</span>
+                                                <span
+                                                    class="text-xs text-muted-foreground/50"
+                                                    >—</span
+                                                >
                                             {/if}
                                         </td>
                                     {:else if colId === "seats"}
@@ -668,12 +771,12 @@ const table = createSvelteTable({
                                 out:fade={{ duration: 100 }}
                             >
                                 {@render columnVisibilityGroup(
-                    ContextMenu.Group,
-                    ContextMenu.GroupHeading,
-                    ContextMenu.CheckboxItem,
-                    ContextMenu.Separator,
-                    ContextMenu.Item,
-                )}
+                                    ContextMenu.Group,
+                                    ContextMenu.GroupHeading,
+                                    ContextMenu.CheckboxItem,
+                                    ContextMenu.Separator,
+                                    ContextMenu.Item,
+                                )}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     {/if}

web/src/lib/components/PageTransition.svelte

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+import { navigationStore } from "$lib/stores/navigation.svelte";
+import type { Snippet } from "svelte";
+import { cubicOut } from "svelte/easing";
+import type { TransitionConfig } from "svelte/transition";
+
+let { key, children }: { key: string; children: Snippet } = $props();
+
+const DURATION = 250;
+const OFFSET = 40;
+
+function inTransition(_node: HTMLElement): TransitionConfig {
+  const dir = navigationStore.direction;
+  if (dir === "fade") {
+    return { duration: DURATION, easing: cubicOut, css: (t: number) => `opacity: ${t}` };
+  }
+  const x = dir === "right" ? OFFSET : -OFFSET;
+  return {
+    duration: DURATION,
+    easing: cubicOut,
+    css: (t: number) => `opacity: ${t}; transform: translateX(${(1 - t) * x}px)`,
+  };
+}
+
+function outTransition(_node: HTMLElement): TransitionConfig {
+  const dir = navigationStore.direction;
+  // Outgoing element is positioned absolutely so incoming flows normally
+  const base = "position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%";
+  if (dir === "fade") {
+    return { duration: DURATION, easing: cubicOut, css: (t: number) => `${base}; opacity: ${t}` };
+  }
+  const x = dir === "right" ? -OFFSET : OFFSET;
+  return {
+    duration: DURATION,
+    easing: cubicOut,
+    css: (t: number) => `${base}; opacity: ${t}; transform: translateX(${(1 - t) * x}px)`,
+  };
+}
+</script>
+
+<div class="relative overflow-hidden">
+  {#key key}
+    <div in:inTransition out:outTransition class="w-full">
+      {@render children()}
+    </div>
+  {/key}
+</div>

web/src/lib/components/Pagination.svelte

@@ -1,7 +1,19 @@
 <script lang="ts">
 import { Select } from "bits-ui";
 import { ChevronUp, ChevronDown } from "@lucide/svelte";
-import { fly } from "svelte/transition";
+import type { Action } from "svelte/action";
+
+const slideIn: Action<HTMLElement, number> = (node, direction) => {
+  if (direction !== 0) {
+    node.animate(
+      [
+        { transform: `translateX(${direction * 20}px)`, opacity: 0 },
+        { transform: "translateX(0)", opacity: 1 },
+      ],
+      { duration: 200, easing: "ease-out" }
+    );
+  }
+};
 
 let {
   totalCount,
@@ -21,17 +33,8 @@ const start = $derived(offset + 1);
 const end = $derived(Math.min(offset + limit, totalCount));
 
 // Track direction for slide animation
-let prevPage = $state(1);
 let direction = $state(0);
 
-$effect(() => {
-  const page = currentPage;
-  if (page !== prevPage) {
-    direction = page > prevPage ? 1 : -1;
-    prevPage = page;
-  }
-});
-
 // 5 page slots: current-2, current-1, current, current+1, current+2
 const pageSlots = $derived([-2, -1, 0, 1, 2].map((delta) => currentPage + delta));
 
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ function isSlotVisible(page: number): boolean {
 }
 
 function goToPage(page: number) {
+  direction = page > currentPage ? 1 : -1;
   onPageChange((page - 1) * limit);
 }
 
@@ -86,7 +90,7 @@ const selectValue = $derived(String(currentPage));
                        focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-ring focus-visible:ring-offset-2 focus-visible:ring-offset-background"
                 aria-label="Page {currentPage} of {totalPages}, click to select page"
               >
-                <span in:fly={{ x: direction * 20, duration: 200 }}>{currentPage}</span>
+                <span use:slideIn={direction}>{currentPage}</span>
                 <ChevronUp class="size-3 text-muted-foreground" />
               </Select.Trigger>
               <Select.Portal>
@@ -140,8 +144,8 @@ const selectValue = $derived(String(currentPage));
               aria-hidden={!isSlotVisible(page)}
               tabindex={isSlotVisible(page) ? 0 : -1}
               disabled={!isSlotVisible(page)}
-              in:fly={{ x: direction * 20, duration: 200 }}
-            >
+            use:slideIn={direction}
+          >
               {page}
             </button>
           {/if}

web/src/lib/course.test.ts

@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@ describe("getPrimaryInstructor", () => {
         isPrimary: false,
         rmpRating: null,
         rmpNumRatings: null,
+        rmpLegacyId: null,
       },
       {
         bannerId: "2",
@@ -201,6 +202,7 @@ describe("getPrimaryInstructor", () => {
         isPrimary: true,
         rmpRating: null,
         rmpNumRatings: null,
+        rmpLegacyId: null,
       },
     ];
     expect(getPrimaryInstructor(instructors)?.displayName).toBe("B");
@@ -214,6 +216,7 @@ describe("getPrimaryInstructor", () => {
         isPrimary: false,
         rmpRating: null,
         rmpNumRatings: null,
+        rmpLegacyId: null,
       },
     ];
     expect(getPrimaryInstructor(instructors)?.displayName).toBe("A");

web/src/lib/course.ts

@@ -362,11 +362,49 @@ export function seatsDotColor(course: CourseResponse): string {
   return "bg-green-500";
 }
 
-/** Text color class for a RateMyProfessors rating */
-export function ratingColor(rating: number): string {
-  if (rating >= 4.0) return "text-status-green";
-  if (rating >= 3.0) return "text-yellow-500";
-  return "text-status-red";
+/** Minimum number of ratings needed to consider RMP data reliable */
+export const RMP_CONFIDENCE_THRESHOLD = 7;
+
+/** RMP professor page URL from legacy ID */
+export function rmpUrl(legacyId: number): string {
+  return `https://www.ratemyprofessors.com/professor/${legacyId}`;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Smooth OKLCH color + text-shadow for a RateMyProfessors rating.
+ *
+ * Three-stop gradient interpolated in OKLCH:
+ *   1.0 → red, 3.0 → amber, 5.0 → green
+ * with separate light/dark mode tuning.
+ */
+export function ratingStyle(rating: number, isDark: boolean): string {
+  const clamped = Math.max(1, Math.min(5, rating));
+
+  // OKLCH stops: [lightness, chroma, hue]
+  const stops: { light: [number, number, number]; dark: [number, number, number] }[] = [
+    { light: [0.63, 0.2, 25], dark: [0.7, 0.19, 25] }, // 1.0 – red
+    { light: [0.7, 0.16, 85], dark: [0.78, 0.15, 85] }, // 3.0 – amber
+    { light: [0.65, 0.2, 145], dark: [0.72, 0.19, 145] }, // 5.0 – green
+  ];
+
+  let t: number;
+  let fromIdx: number;
+  if (clamped <= 3) {
+    t = (clamped - 1) / 2;
+    fromIdx = 0;
+  } else {
+    t = (clamped - 3) / 2;
+    fromIdx = 1;
+  }
+
+  const from = isDark ? stops[fromIdx].dark : stops[fromIdx].light;
+  const to = isDark ? stops[fromIdx + 1].dark : stops[fromIdx + 1].light;
+
+  const l = from[0] + (to[0] - from[0]) * t;
+  const c = from[1] + (to[1] - from[1]) * t;
+  const h = from[2] + (to[2] - from[2]) * t;
+
+  return `color: oklch(${l.toFixed(3)} ${c.toFixed(3)} ${h.toFixed(1)}); text-shadow: 0 0 4px oklch(${l.toFixed(3)} ${c.toFixed(3)} ${h.toFixed(1)} / 0.3);`;
 }
 
 /** Format credit hours display */

web/src/lib/stores/navigation.svelte.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { beforeNavigate } from "$app/navigation";
+
+export type NavDirection = "left" | "right" | "fade";
+
+/** Admin sidebar order — indexes determine slide direction for same-depth siblings */
+const ADMIN_NAV_ORDER = ["/admin", "/admin/scrape-jobs", "/admin/audit-log", "/admin/users"];
+
+function getDepth(path: string): number {
+  return path.replace(/\/$/, "").split("/").filter(Boolean).length;
+}
+
+function getAdminIndex(path: string): number {
+  return ADMIN_NAV_ORDER.indexOf(path);
+}
+
+function computeDirection(from: string, to: string): NavDirection {
+  const fromDepth = getDepth(from);
+  const toDepth = getDepth(to);
+
+  if (toDepth > fromDepth) return "right";
+  if (toDepth < fromDepth) return "left";
+
+  // Same depth — use admin sidebar ordering if both are admin routes
+  const fromIdx = getAdminIndex(from);
+  const toIdx = getAdminIndex(to);
+  if (fromIdx >= 0 && toIdx >= 0) {
+    return toIdx > fromIdx ? "right" : "left";
+  }
+
+  return "fade";
+}
+
+class NavigationStore {
+  direction: NavDirection = $state("fade");
+}
+
+export const navigationStore = new NavigationStore();
+
+/** Call once from root layout to start tracking navigation direction */
+export function initNavigation() {
+  beforeNavigate(({ from, to }) => {
+    if (!from?.url || !to?.url) return;
+    navigationStore.direction = computeDirection(from.url.pathname, to.url.pathname);
+  });
+}

web/src/routes/+layout.svelte

@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
 <script lang="ts">
 import "overlayscrollbars/overlayscrollbars.css";
 import "./layout.css";
-import { onMount } from "svelte";
-import { Tooltip } from "bits-ui";
+import { page } from "$app/state";
+import PageTransition from "$lib/components/PageTransition.svelte";
 import ThemeToggle from "$lib/components/ThemeToggle.svelte";
-import { themeStore } from "$lib/stores/theme.svelte";
 import { useOverlayScrollbars } from "$lib/composables/useOverlayScrollbars.svelte";
+import { initNavigation } from "$lib/stores/navigation.svelte";
+import { themeStore } from "$lib/stores/theme.svelte";
+import { Tooltip } from "bits-ui";
+import { onMount } from "svelte";
 
 let { children } = $props();
 
+initNavigation();
+
 useOverlayScrollbars(() => document.body, {
   scrollbars: {
     autoHide: "leave",
@@ -18,10 +23,6 @@ useOverlayScrollbars(() => document.body, {
 
 onMount(() => {
   themeStore.init();
-
-  requestAnimationFrame(() => {
-    document.documentElement.classList.remove("no-transition");
-  });
 });
 </script>
 
@@ -30,5 +31,7 @@ onMount(() => {
     <ThemeToggle />
   </div>
 
-  {@render children()}
+  <PageTransition key={page.url.pathname}>
+    {@render children()}
+  </PageTransition>
 </Tooltip.Provider>

web/src/routes/admin/+layout.svelte

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 <script lang="ts">
-import { onMount } from "svelte";
 import { goto } from "$app/navigation";
+import { page } from "$app/state";
 import { authStore } from "$lib/auth.svelte";
-import { LayoutDashboard, Users, ClipboardList, FileText, LogOut } from "@lucide/svelte";
+import PageTransition from "$lib/components/PageTransition.svelte";
+import { ClipboardList, FileText, LayoutDashboard, LogOut, Users } from "@lucide/svelte";
+import { onMount } from "svelte";
 
 let { children } = $props();
 
@@ -68,7 +70,9 @@ const navItems = [
       </div>
     </aside>
     <main class="flex-1 overflow-auto p-6">
-      {@render children()}
+      <PageTransition key={page.url.pathname}>
+        {@render children()}
+      </PageTransition>
     </main>
   </div>
 {/if}

web/src/routes/admin/users/+page.svelte

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import { Shield, ShieldOff } from "@lucide/svelte";
 
 let users = $state<User[]>([]);
 let error = $state<string | null>(null);
-let updating = $state<bigint | null>(null);
+let updating = $state<string | null>(null);
 
 onMount(async () => {
   try {

web/src/routes/layout.css

@@ -57,11 +57,8 @@
   --font-sans: "Inter Variable", ui-sans-serif, system-ui, sans-serif;
 }
 
-* {
-  border-color: var(--border);
-}
-
 body {
+  border-color: var(--border);
   background-color: var(--background);
   color: var(--foreground);
   font-family: var(--font-sans);
@@ -129,11 +126,6 @@ input[type="checkbox"]:checked::before {
   clip-path: polygon(14% 44%, 0 65%, 50% 100%, 100% 16%, 80% 0%, 43% 62%);
 }
 
-html:not(.no-transition) body,
-html:not(.no-transition) body * {
-  transition: background-color 300ms, color 300ms, border-color 300ms, fill 300ms;
-}
-
 /* View Transitions API - disable default cross-fade so JS can animate clip-path */
 ::view-transition-old(root),
 ::view-transition-new(root) {