feat: stage sequence, ghost collisions & energizer logic, text color method, scheduler ordering

minor format updates from copilot's commit

src/app.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
-use glam::Vec2;
 use sdl2::render::TextureCreator;
 use sdl2::ttf::Sdl2TtfContext;
 use sdl2::video::WindowContext;
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ pub struct App {
     pub game: Game,
     last_tick: Instant,
     focused: bool,
-    _cursor_pos: Vec2,
 }
 
 impl App {
@@ -81,7 +79,6 @@ impl App {
             game,
             focused: true,
             last_tick: Instant::now(),
-            _cursor_pos: Vec2::ZERO,
         })
     }
 

src/game.rs

@@ -7,30 +7,35 @@ use crate::error::{GameError, GameResult, TextureError};
 use crate::events::GameEvent;
 use crate::map::builder::Map;
 use crate::map::direction::Direction;
+use crate::systems;
 use crate::systems::blinking::Blinking;
+
 use crate::systems::movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity};
-use crate::systems::player::player_movement_system;
 use crate::systems::profiling::SystemId;
+use crate::systems::render::RenderDirty;
 use crate::systems::{
     audio::{audio_system, AudioEvent, AudioResource},
     blinking::blinking_system,
     collision::collision_system,
     components::{
-        AudioState, Collider, DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, EntityType, Ghost, GhostBundle, GhostCollider, GlobalState,
+        AudioState, Collider, DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, EntityType, Frozen, Ghost, GhostBundle, GhostCollider, GlobalState,
-        ItemBundle, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider, PlayerBundle, PlayerControlled, RenderDirty, Renderable, ScoreResource,
+        ItemBundle, ItemCollider, LevelTiming, PacmanCollider, PlayerBundle, PlayerControlled, PlayerStateBundle, Renderable,
+        ScoreResource, StartupSequence,
     },
     debug::{debug_render_system, DebugFontResource, DebugState, DebugTextureResource},
-    ghost::ghost_movement_system,
+    ghost::{ghost_collision_system, ghost_movement_system},
-    input::input_system,
     item::item_system,
-    player::player_control_system,
     profiling::{profile, SystemTimings},
-    render::{directional_render_system, dirty_render_system, render_system, BackbufferResource, MapTextureResource},
+    render::{
+        directional_render_system, dirty_render_system, hud_render_system, ready_visibility_system, render_system,
+        BackbufferResource, MapTextureResource,
+    },
 };
 use crate::texture::animated::AnimatedTexture;
 use bevy_ecs::event::EventRegistry;
 use bevy_ecs::observer::Trigger;
-use bevy_ecs::schedule::Schedule;
+use bevy_ecs::prelude::SystemSet;
+use bevy_ecs::schedule::{IntoScheduleConfigs, Schedule};
 use bevy_ecs::system::{NonSendMut, Res, ResMut};
 use bevy_ecs::world::World;
 use sdl2::image::LoadTexture;
@@ -48,6 +53,10 @@ use crate::{
     texture::sprite::{AtlasMapper, SpriteAtlas},
 };
 
+/// System set for all rendering systems to ensure they run after gameplay logic
+#[derive(SystemSet, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
+pub struct RenderSet;
+
 /// Core game state manager built on the Bevy ECS architecture.
 ///
 /// Orchestrates all game systems through a centralized `World` containing entities,
@@ -205,6 +214,11 @@ impl Game {
             pacman_collider: PacmanCollider,
         };
 
+        // Spawn player and attach initial state bundle
+        let player_entity = world.spawn(player).id();
+        world.entity_mut(player_entity).insert(PlayerStateBundle::default());
+        world.entity_mut(player_entity).insert(Frozen);
+
         world.insert_non_send_resource(atlas);
         world.insert_non_send_resource(event_pump);
         world.insert_non_send_resource(canvas);
@@ -224,6 +238,7 @@ impl Game {
         world.insert_resource(DebugState::default());
         world.insert_resource(AudioState::default());
         world.insert_resource(CursorPosition::default());
+        world.insert_resource(LevelTiming::for_level(1));
 
         world.add_observer(
             |event: Trigger<GameEvent>, mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>, _score: ResMut<ScoreResource>| {
@@ -232,40 +247,72 @@ impl Game {
                 }
             },
         );
-        schedule.add_systems((
+
-            profile(SystemId::Input, input_system),
+        let input_system = profile(SystemId::Input, systems::input::input_system);
-            profile(SystemId::PlayerControls, player_control_system),
+        let player_control_system = profile(SystemId::PlayerControls, systems::player::player_control_system);
-            profile(SystemId::PlayerMovement, player_movement_system),
+        let player_movement_system = profile(SystemId::PlayerMovement, systems::player::player_movement_system);
-            profile(SystemId::Ghost, ghost_movement_system),
+        let startup_stage_system = profile(SystemId::Stage, systems::stage::startup_stage_system);
-            profile(SystemId::Collision, collision_system),
+        let player_tunnel_slowdown_system = profile(SystemId::PlayerMovement, systems::player::player_tunnel_slowdown_system);
-            profile(SystemId::Item, item_system),
+        let ghost_movement_system = profile(SystemId::Ghost, ghost_movement_system);
-            profile(SystemId::Audio, audio_system),
+        let collision_system = profile(SystemId::Collision, collision_system);
-            profile(SystemId::Blinking, blinking_system),
+        let ghost_collision_system = profile(SystemId::GhostCollision, ghost_collision_system);
-            profile(SystemId::DirectionalRender, directional_render_system),
+        let item_system = profile(SystemId::Item, item_system);
-            profile(SystemId::DirtyRender, dirty_render_system),
+        let audio_system = profile(SystemId::Audio, audio_system);
-            profile(SystemId::Render, render_system),
+        let blinking_system = profile(SystemId::Blinking, blinking_system);
-            profile(SystemId::DebugRender, debug_render_system),
+        let directional_render_system = profile(SystemId::DirectionalRender, directional_render_system);
-            profile(
+        let dirty_render_system = profile(SystemId::DirtyRender, dirty_render_system);
-                SystemId::Present,
+        let hud_render_system = profile(SystemId::HudRender, hud_render_system);
-                |mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
+        let render_system = profile(SystemId::Render, render_system);
-                 backbuffer: NonSendMut<BackbufferResource>,
+        let debug_render_system = profile(SystemId::DebugRender, debug_render_system);
-                 debug_state: Res<DebugState>,
+
-                 mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>| {
+        let present_system = profile(
-                    if dirty.0 || *debug_state != DebugState::Off {
+            SystemId::Present,
-                        // Only copy backbuffer to main canvas if debug rendering is off
+            |mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>, debug_state: Res<DebugState>, mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>| {
-                        // (debug rendering draws directly to main canvas)
+                if dirty.0 || debug_state.enabled {
-                        if *debug_state == DebugState::Off {
+                    // Only copy backbuffer to main canvas if debug rendering is off
-                            canvas.copy(&backbuffer.0, None, None).unwrap();
+                    // (debug rendering draws directly to main canvas)
-                        }
+                    if !debug_state.enabled {
-                        dirty.0 = false;
                         canvas.present();
                     }
-                },
+                    dirty.0 = false;
-            ),
+                }
+            },
+        );
+
+        schedule.add_systems((
+            (
+                input_system,
+                player_control_system,
+                player_movement_system,
+                startup_stage_system,
+            )
+                .chain(),
+            player_tunnel_slowdown_system,
+            ghost_movement_system,
+            (collision_system, ghost_collision_system, item_system).chain(),
+            audio_system,
+            blinking_system,
+            ready_visibility_system,
+            (
+                directional_render_system,
+                dirty_render_system,
+                render_system,
+                hud_render_system,
+                debug_render_system,
+                present_system,
+            )
+                .chain(),
         ));
 
-        // Spawn player
+        // Initialize StartupSequence as a global resource
-        world.spawn(player);
+        let ready_duration_ticks = {
+            let duration = world
+                .get_resource::<LevelTiming>()
+                .map(|t| t.spawn_freeze_duration)
+                .unwrap_or(1.5);
+            (duration * 60.0) as u32 // Convert to ticks at 60 FPS
+        };
+        world.insert_resource(StartupSequence::new(ready_duration_ticks, 60));
 
         // Spawn ghosts
         Self::spawn_ghosts(&mut world)?;
@@ -414,7 +461,7 @@ impl Game {
                 }
             };
 
-            world.spawn(ghost);
+            world.spawn(ghost).insert(Frozen);
         }
 
         Ok(())
@@ -449,112 +496,6 @@ impl Game {
         state.exit
     }
 
-    // fn check_collisions(&mut self) {
-    //     // Check Pac-Man vs Items
-    //     let potential_collisions = self
-    //         .state
-    //         .collision_system
-    //         .potential_collisions(&self.state.pacman.position());
-
-    //     for entity_id in potential_collisions {
-    //         if entity_id != self.state.pacman_id {
-    //             // Check if this is an item collision
-    //             if let Some(item_index) = self.find_item_by_id(entity_id) {
-    //                 let item = &mut self.state.items[item_index];
-    //                 if !item.is_collected() {
-    //                     item.collect();
-    //                     self.state.score += item.get_score();
-    //                     self.state.audio.eat();
-
-    //                     // Handle energizer effects
-    //                     if matches!(item.item_type, crate::entity::item::ItemType::Energizer) {
-    //                         // TODO: Make ghosts frightened
-    //                         tracing::info!("Energizer collected! Ghosts should become frightened.");
-    //                     }
-    //                 }
-    //             }
-
-    //             // Check if this is a ghost collision
-    //             if let Some(_ghost_index) = self.find_ghost_by_id(entity_id) {
-    //                 // TODO: Handle Pac-Man being eaten by ghost
-    //                 tracing::info!("Pac-Man collided with ghost!");
-    //             }
-    //         }
-    //     }
-    // }
-
-    // fn find_item_by_id(&self, entity_id: EntityId) -> Option<usize> {
-    //     self.state.item_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == entity_id)
-    // }
-
-    // fn find_ghost_by_id(&self, entity_id: EntityId) -> Option<usize> {
-    //     self.state.ghost_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == entity_id)
-    // }
-
-    // pub fn draw<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&mut self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>, backbuffer: &mut Texture) -> GameResult<()> {
-    //     // Only render the map texture once and cache it
-    //     if !self.state.map_rendered {
-    //         let mut map_texture = self
-    //             .state
-    //             .texture_creator
-    //             .create_texture_target(None, constants::CANVAS_SIZE.x, constants::CANVAS_SIZE.y)
-    //             .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-
-    //         canvas
-    //             .with_texture_canvas(&mut map_texture, |map_canvas| {
-    //                 let mut map_tiles = Vec::with_capacity(35);
-    //                 for i in 0..35 {
-    //                     let tile_name = format!("maze/tiles/{}.png", i);
-    //                     let tile = SpriteAtlas::get_tile(&self.state.atlas, &tile_name).unwrap();
-    //                     map_tiles.push(tile);
-    //                 }
-    //                 MapRenderer::render_map(map_canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &mut map_tiles);
-    //             })
-    //             .map_err(|e| crate::error::GameError::Sdl(e.to_string()))?;
-    //         self.state.map_texture = Some(map_texture);
-    //         self.state.map_rendered = true;
-    //     }
-
-    //     canvas.set_draw_color(Color::BLACK);
-    //     canvas.clear();
-    //     if let Some(ref map_texture) = self.state.map_texture {
-    //         canvas.copy(map_texture, None, None).unwrap();
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Render all items
-    //     for item in &self.state.items {
-    //         if let Err(e) = item.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
-    //             tracing::error!("Failed to render item: {}", e);
-    //         }
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Render all ghosts
-    //     for ghost in &self.state.ghosts {
-    //         if let Err(e) = ghost.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
-    //             tracing::error!("Failed to render ghost: {}", e);
-    //         }
-    //     }
-
-    //     if let Err(e) = self.state.pacman.render(canvas, &mut self.state.atlas, &self.state.map.graph) {
-    //         tracing::error!("Failed to render pacman: {}", e);
-    //     }
-
-    //     if self.state.debug_mode {
-    //         if let Err(e) =
-    //             self.state
-    //                 .map
-    //                 .debug_render_with_cursor(canvas, &mut self.state.text_texture, &mut self.state.atlas, cursor_pos)
-    //         {
-    //             tracing::error!("Failed to render debug cursor: {}", e);
-    //         }
-    //         self.render_pathfinding_debug(canvas)?;
-    //     }
-    //     self.draw_hud(canvas)?;
-    //     canvas.present();
-
-    //     Ok(())
-    // }
-
     // /// Renders pathfinding debug lines from each ghost to Pac-Man.
     // ///
     // /// Each ghost's path is drawn in its respective color with a small offset
@@ -618,42 +559,4 @@ impl Game {
 
     //     Ok(())
     // }
-
-    // fn draw_hud<T: sdl2::render::RenderTarget>(&mut self, canvas: &mut Canvas<T>) -> GameResult<()> {
-    //     let lives = 3;
-    //     let score_text = format!("{:02}", self.state.score);
-    //     let x_offset = 4;
-    //     let y_offset = 2;
-    //     let lives_offset = 3;
-    //     let score_offset = 7 - (score_text.len() as i32);
-    //     self.state.text_texture.set_scale(1.0);
-    //     if let Err(e) = self.state.text_texture.render(
-    //         canvas,
-    //         &mut self.state.atlas,
-    //         &format!("{lives}UP   HIGH SCORE   "),
-    //         glam::UVec2::new(8 * lives_offset as u32 + x_offset, y_offset),
-    //     ) {
-    //         tracing::error!("Failed to render HUD text: {}", e);
-    //     }
-    //     if let Err(e) = self.state.text_texture.render(
-    //         canvas,
-    //         &mut self.state.atlas,
-    //         &score_text,
-    //         glam::UVec2::new(8 * score_offset as u32 + x_offset, 8 + y_offset),
-    //     ) {
-    //         tracing::error!("Failed to render score text: {}", e);
-    //     }
-
-    //     // Display FPS information in top-left corner
-    //     // let fps_text = format!("FPS: {:.1} (1s) / {:.1} (10s)", self.fps_1s, self.fps_10s);
-    //     // self.render_text_on(
-    //     //     canvas,
-    //     //     &*texture_creator,
-    //     //     &fps_text,
-    //     //     IVec2::new(10, 10),
-    //     //     Color::RGB(255, 255, 0), // Yellow color for FPS display
-    //     // );
-
-    //     Ok(())
-    // }
 }

src/map/builder.rs

@@ -174,6 +174,17 @@ impl Map {
         })
     }
 
+    /// Returns the `MapTile` at a given node id.
+    pub fn tile_at_node(&self, node_id: NodeId) -> Option<MapTile> {
+        // reverse lookup: node -> grid
+        for (grid_pos, id) in &self.grid_to_node {
+            if *id == node_id {
+                return Some(self.tiles[grid_pos.x as usize][grid_pos.y as usize]);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
     /// Constructs the ghost house area with restricted access and internal navigation.
     ///
     /// Creates a multi-level ghost house with entrance control, internal movement

src/systems/collision.rs

@@ -6,9 +6,28 @@ use bevy_ecs::system::{Query, Res};
 use crate::error::GameError;
 use crate::events::GameEvent;
 use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::components::{Collider, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider};
+use crate::systems::components::{Collider, GhostCollider, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider};
 use crate::systems::movement::Position;
 
+/// Helper function to check collision between two entities with colliders.
+pub fn check_collision(
+    pos1: &Position,
+    collider1: &Collider,
+    pos2: &Position,
+    collider2: &Collider,
+    map: &Map,
+) -> Result<bool, GameError> {
+    let pixel1 = pos1
+        .get_pixel_position(&map.graph)
+        .map_err(|e| GameError::InvalidState(format!("Failed to get pixel position for entity 1: {}", e)))?;
+    let pixel2 = pos2
+        .get_pixel_position(&map.graph)
+        .map_err(|e| GameError::InvalidState(format!("Failed to get pixel position for entity 2: {}", e)))?;
+
+    let distance = pixel1.distance(pixel2);
+    Ok(collider1.collides_with(collider2.size, distance))
+}
+
 /// Detects overlapping entities and generates collision events for gameplay systems.
 ///
 /// Performs distance-based collision detection between Pac-Man and collectible items
@@ -16,42 +35,49 @@ use crate::systems::movement::Position;
 /// a `GameEvent::Collision` for the item system to handle scoring and removal.
 /// Collision detection accounts for both entities being in motion and supports
 /// circular collision boundaries for accurate gameplay feel.
+///
+/// Also detects collisions between Pac-Man and ghosts for gameplay mechanics like
+/// power pellet effects, ghost eating, and player death.
 pub fn collision_system(
     map: Res<Map>,
     pacman_query: Query<(Entity, &Position, &Collider), With<PacmanCollider>>,
     item_query: Query<(Entity, &Position, &Collider), With<ItemCollider>>,
+    ghost_query: Query<(Entity, &Position, &Collider), With<GhostCollider>>,
     mut events: EventWriter<GameEvent>,
     mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
 ) {
     // Check PACMAN × ITEM collisions
     for (pacman_entity, pacman_pos, pacman_collider) in pacman_query.iter() {
         for (item_entity, item_pos, item_collider) in item_query.iter() {
-            match (
+            match check_collision(pacman_pos, pacman_collider, item_pos, item_collider, &map) {
-                pacman_pos.get_pixel_position(&map.graph),
+                Ok(colliding) => {
-                item_pos.get_pixel_position(&map.graph),
+                    if colliding {
-            ) {
-                (Ok(pacman_pixel), Ok(item_pixel)) => {
-                    // Calculate the distance between the two entities's precise pixel positions
-                    let distance = pacman_pixel.distance(item_pixel);
-                    // Calculate the distance at which the two entities will collide
-                    let collision_distance = (pacman_collider.size + item_collider.size) / 2.0;
-
-                    // If the distance between the two entities is less than the collision distance, then the two entities are colliding
-                    if distance < collision_distance {
                         events.write(GameEvent::Collision(pacman_entity, item_entity));
                     }
                 }
-                // Either or both of the pixel positions failed to get, so we need to report the error
+                Err(e) => {
-                (result_a, result_b) => {
+                    errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
-                    for result in [result_a, result_b] {
+                        "Collision system failed to check collision between entities {:?} and {:?}: {}",
-                        if let Err(e) = result {
+                        pacman_entity, item_entity, e
-                            errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
+                    )));
-                                "Collision system failed to get pixel positions for entities {:?} and {:?}: {}",
+                }
-                                pacman_entity, item_entity, e
+            }
-                            )));
+        }
-                        }
+
+        // Check PACMAN × GHOST collisions
+        for (ghost_entity, ghost_pos, ghost_collider) in ghost_query.iter() {
+            match check_collision(pacman_pos, pacman_collider, ghost_pos, ghost_collider, &map) {
+                Ok(colliding) => {
+                    if colliding {
+                        events.write(GameEvent::Collision(pacman_entity, ghost_entity));
                     }
                 }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
+                        "Collision system failed to check collision between entities {:?} and {:?}: {}",
+                        pacman_entity, ghost_entity, e
+                    )));
+                }
             }
         }
     }

src/systems/components.rs

@@ -114,6 +114,14 @@ pub struct Collider {
     pub size: f32,
 }
 
+impl Collider {
+    /// Checks if this collider collides with another collider at the given distance.
+    pub fn collides_with(&self, other_size: f32, distance: f32) -> bool {
+        let collision_distance = (self.size + other_size) / 2.0;
+        distance < collision_distance
+    }
+}
+
 /// Marker components for collision filtering optimization
 #[derive(Component)]
 pub struct PacmanCollider;
@@ -169,9 +177,6 @@ pub struct ScoreResource(pub u32);
 #[derive(Resource)]
 pub struct DeltaTime(pub f32);
 
-#[derive(Resource, Default)]
-pub struct RenderDirty(pub bool);
-
 /// Resource for tracking audio state
 #[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Default)]
 pub struct AudioState {
@@ -180,3 +185,228 @@ pub struct AudioState {
     /// Current sound index for cycling through eat sounds
     pub sound_index: usize,
 }
+
+/// Lifecycle state for the player entity.
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum PlayerLifecycle {
+    Spawning,
+    Alive,
+    Dying,
+    Respawning,
+}
+
+impl PlayerLifecycle {
+    /// Returns true when gameplay input and movement should be active
+    pub fn is_interactive(self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, PlayerLifecycle::Alive)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for PlayerLifecycle {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        PlayerLifecycle::Spawning
+    }
+}
+
+/// Whether player input should be processed.
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ControlState {
+    InputEnabled,
+    InputLocked,
+}
+
+impl Default for ControlState {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::InputLocked
+    }
+}
+
+/// Combat-related state for Pac-Man. Tick-based energizer logic.
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CombatState {
+    Normal,
+    Energized {
+        /// Remaining energizer duration in ticks (frames)
+        remaining_ticks: u32,
+        /// Ticks until flashing begins (counts down to 0, then flashing is active)
+        flash_countdown_ticks: u32,
+    },
+}
+
+impl Default for CombatState {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        CombatState::Normal
+    }
+}
+
+impl CombatState {
+    pub fn is_energized(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, CombatState::Energized { .. })
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_flashing(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, CombatState::Energized { flash_countdown_ticks, .. } if *flash_countdown_ticks == 0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn deactivate_energizer(&mut self) {
+        *self = CombatState::Normal;
+    }
+
+    /// Activate energizer using tick-based durations.
+    pub fn activate_energizer_ticks(&mut self, total_ticks: u32, flash_lead_ticks: u32) {
+        let flash_countdown_ticks = total_ticks.saturating_sub(flash_lead_ticks);
+        *self = CombatState::Energized {
+            remaining_ticks: total_ticks,
+            flash_countdown_ticks,
+        };
+    }
+
+    /// Advance one frame. When ticks reach zero, returns to Normal.
+    pub fn tick_frame(&mut self) {
+        if let CombatState::Energized {
+            remaining_ticks,
+            flash_countdown_ticks,
+        } = self
+        {
+            if *remaining_ticks > 0 {
+                *remaining_ticks -= 1;
+                if *flash_countdown_ticks > 0 {
+                    *flash_countdown_ticks -= 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if *remaining_ticks == 0 {
+                *self = CombatState::Normal;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Movement modifiers that can affect Pac-Man's speed or handling.
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct MovementModifiers {
+    /// Multiplier applied to base speed (e.g., tunnels)
+    pub speed_multiplier: f32,
+    /// True when currently in a tunnel slowdown region
+    pub tunnel_slowdown_active: bool,
+}
+
+impl Default for MovementModifiers {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            speed_multiplier: 1.0,
+            tunnel_slowdown_active: false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Level-dependent timing configuration
+#[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct LevelTiming {
+    /// Duration of energizer effect in seconds
+    pub energizer_duration: f32,
+    /// Freeze duration at spawn/ready in seconds
+    pub spawn_freeze_duration: f32,
+    /// When to start flashing relative to energizer end (seconds)
+    pub energizer_flash_threshold: f32,
+}
+
+impl Default for LevelTiming {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            energizer_duration: 6.0,
+            spawn_freeze_duration: 1.5,
+            energizer_flash_threshold: 2.0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl LevelTiming {
+    /// Returns timing configuration for a given level.
+    pub fn for_level(_level: u32) -> Self {
+        // Placeholder: tune per the Pac-Man Dossier tables
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Tag component for entities that should be frozen during startup
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct Frozen;
+
+/// Convenience bundle for attaching the hybrid FSM to the player entity
+#[derive(Bundle, Default)]
+pub struct PlayerStateBundle {
+    pub lifecycle: PlayerLifecycle,
+    pub control: ControlState,
+    pub combat: CombatState,
+    pub movement_modifiers: MovementModifiers,
+}
+
+#[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum StartupSequence {
+    /// Stage 1: Text-only stage
+    /// - Player & ghosts are hidden
+    /// - READY! and PLAYER ONE text are shown
+    /// - Energizers do not blink
+    TextOnly {
+        /// Remaining ticks in this stage
+        remaining_ticks: u32,
+    },
+    /// Stage 2: Characters visible stage
+    /// - PLAYER ONE text is hidden, READY! text remains
+    /// - Ghosts and Pac-Man are now shown
+    CharactersVisible {
+        /// Remaining ticks in this stage
+        remaining_ticks: u32,
+    },
+    /// Stage 3: Game begins
+    /// - Final state, game is fully active
+    GameActive,
+}
+
+impl StartupSequence {
+    /// Creates a new StartupSequence with the specified duration in ticks
+    pub fn new(text_only_ticks: u32, _characters_visible_ticks: u32) -> Self {
+        Self::TextOnly {
+            remaining_ticks: text_only_ticks,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the timer is still active (not in GameActive state)
+    pub fn is_active(&self) -> bool {
+        !matches!(self, StartupSequence::GameActive)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if we're in the game active stage
+    pub fn is_game_active(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, StartupSequence::GameActive)
+    }
+
+    /// Ticks the timer by one frame, returning transition information if state changes
+    pub fn tick(&mut self) -> Option<(StartupSequence, StartupSequence)> {
+        match self {
+            StartupSequence::TextOnly { remaining_ticks } => {
+                if *remaining_ticks > 0 {
+                    *remaining_ticks -= 1;
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    let from = *self;
+                    *self = StartupSequence::CharactersVisible {
+                        remaining_ticks: 60, // 1 second at 60 FPS
+                    };
+                    Some((from, *self))
+                }
+            }
+            StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { remaining_ticks } => {
+                if *remaining_ticks > 0 {
+                    *remaining_ticks -= 1;
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    let from = *self;
+                    *self = StartupSequence::GameActive;
+                    Some((from, *self))
+                }
+            }
+            StartupSequence::GameActive => None,
+        }
+    }
+}

src/systems/debug.rs

@@ -16,22 +16,13 @@ use sdl2::render::{Canvas, Texture, TextureCreator};
 use sdl2::ttf::Font;
 use sdl2::video::{Window, WindowContext};
 
-#[derive(Resource, Default, Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Resource, Default, Debug, Copy, Clone)]
-pub enum DebugState {
+pub struct DebugState {
-    #[default]
+    pub enabled: bool,
-    Off,
-    Graph,
-    Collision,
 }
 
-impl DebugState {
+fn f32_to_u8(value: f32) -> u8 {
-    pub fn next(&self) -> Self {
+    (value * 255.0) as u8
-        match self {
-            DebugState::Off => DebugState::Graph,
-            DebugState::Graph => DebugState::Collision,
-            DebugState::Collision => DebugState::Off,
-        }
-    }
 }
 
 /// Resource to hold the debug texture for persistent rendering
@@ -110,7 +101,7 @@ pub fn debug_render_system(
     colliders: Query<(&Collider, &Position)>,
     cursor: Res<CursorPosition>,
 ) {
-    if *debug_state == DebugState::Off {
+    if !debug_state.enabled {
         return;
     }
     let scale =
@@ -140,79 +131,86 @@ pub fn debug_render_system(
     // Draw debug info on the high-resolution debug texture
     canvas
         .with_texture_canvas(&mut debug_texture.0, |debug_canvas| {
-            match *debug_state {
+            // Find the closest node to the cursor
-                DebugState::Graph => {
-                    // Find the closest node to the cursor
 
-                    let closest_node = if let Some(cursor_world_pos) = cursor_world_pos {
+            let closest_node = if let Some(cursor_world_pos) = cursor_world_pos {
-                        map.graph
+                map.graph
-                            .nodes()
+                    .nodes()
-                            .map(|node| node.position.distance(cursor_world_pos))
+                    .map(|node| node.position.distance(cursor_world_pos))
-                            .enumerate()
+                    .enumerate()
-                            .min_by(|(_, a), (_, b)| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap_or(Ordering::Less))
+                    .min_by(|(_, a), (_, b)| a.partial_cmp(b).unwrap_or(Ordering::Less))
-                            .map(|(id, _)| id)
+                    .map(|(id, _)| id)
+            } else {
+                None
+            };
+
+            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::GREEN);
+            for (collider, position) in colliders.iter() {
+                let pos = position.get_pixel_position(&map.graph).unwrap();
+
+                // Transform position and size using common methods
+                let pos = (pos * scale).as_ivec2();
+                let size = (collider.size * scale) as u32;
+
+                let rect = Rect::from_center(Point::from((pos.x, pos.y)), size, size);
+                debug_canvas.draw_rect(rect).unwrap();
+            }
+
+            debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color {
+                a: f32_to_u8(0.4),
+                ..Color::RED
+            });
+            debug_canvas.set_blend_mode(sdl2::render::BlendMode::Blend);
+            for (start_node, end_node) in map.graph.edges() {
+                let start_node_model = map.graph.get_node(start_node).unwrap();
+                let end_node = map.graph.get_node(end_node.target).unwrap().position;
+
+                // Transform positions using common method
+                let start = transform_position_with_offset(start_node_model.position, scale);
+                let end = transform_position_with_offset(end_node, scale);
+
+                debug_canvas
+                    .draw_line(Point::from((start.x, start.y)), Point::from((end.x, end.y)))
+                    .unwrap();
+            }
+
+            for (id, node) in map.graph.nodes().enumerate() {
+                let pos = node.position;
+
+                // Set color based on whether the node is the closest to the cursor
+                debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color {
+                    a: f32_to_u8(if Some(id) == closest_node { 0.75 } else { 0.6 }),
+                    ..(if Some(id) == closest_node {
+                        Color::YELLOW
                     } else {
-                        None
+                        Color::BLUE
-                    };
+                    })
+                });
 
-                    debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::RED);
+                // Transform position using common method
-                    for (start_node, end_node) in map.graph.edges() {
+                let pos = transform_position_with_offset(pos, scale);
-                        let start_node_model = map.graph.get_node(start_node).unwrap();
+                let size = (2.0 * scale) as u32;
-                        let end_node = map.graph.get_node(end_node.target).unwrap().position;
 
-                        // Transform positions using common method
+                debug_canvas
-                        let start = transform_position_with_offset(start_node_model.position, scale);
+                    .fill_rect(Rect::new(pos.x - (size as i32 / 2), pos.y - (size as i32 / 2), size, size))
-                        let end = transform_position_with_offset(end_node, scale);
+                    .unwrap();
+            }
 
-                        debug_canvas
+            // Render node ID if a node is highlighted
-                            .draw_line(Point::from((start.x, start.y)), Point::from((end.x, end.y)))
+            if let Some(closest_node_id) = closest_node {
-                            .unwrap();
+                let node = map.graph.get_node(closest_node_id).unwrap();
-                    }
+                let pos = transform_position_with_offset(node.position, scale);
 
-                    for (id, node) in map.graph.nodes().enumerate() {
+                let surface = font
-                        let pos = node.position;
+                    .render(&closest_node_id.to_string())
-
+                    .blended(Color {
-                        // Set color based on whether the node is the closest to the cursor
+                        a: f32_to_u8(0.4),
-                        debug_canvas.set_draw_color(if Some(id) == closest_node {
+                        ..Color::WHITE
-                            Color::YELLOW
+                    })
-                        } else {
+                    .unwrap();
-                            Color::BLUE
+                let texture = texture_creator.create_texture_from_surface(&surface).unwrap();
-                        });
+                let dest = Rect::new(pos.x + 10, pos.y - 5, texture.query().width, texture.query().height);
-
+                debug_canvas.copy(&texture, None, dest).unwrap();
-                        // Transform position using common method
-                        let pos = transform_position_with_offset(pos, scale);
-                        let size = (3.0 * scale) as u32;
-
-                        debug_canvas
-                            .fill_rect(Rect::new(pos.x - (size as i32 / 2), pos.y - (size as i32 / 2), size, size))
-                            .unwrap();
-                    }
-
-                    // Render node ID if a node is highlighted
-                    if let Some(closest_node_id) = closest_node {
-                        let node = map.graph.get_node(closest_node_id).unwrap();
-                        let pos = transform_position_with_offset(node.position, scale);
-
-                        let surface = font.render(&closest_node_id.to_string()).blended(Color::WHITE).unwrap();
-                        let texture = texture_creator.create_texture_from_surface(&surface).unwrap();
-                        let dest = Rect::new(pos.x + 10, pos.y - 5, texture.query().width, texture.query().height);
-                        debug_canvas.copy(&texture, None, dest).unwrap();
-                    }
-                }
-                DebugState::Collision => {
-                    debug_canvas.set_draw_color(Color::GREEN);
-                    for (collider, position) in colliders.iter() {
-                        let pos = position.get_pixel_position(&map.graph).unwrap();
-
-                        // Transform position and size using common methods
-                        let pos = (pos * scale).as_ivec2();
-                        let size = (collider.size * scale) as u32;
-
-                        let rect = Rect::from_center(Point::from((pos.x, pos.y)), size, size);
-                        debug_canvas.draw_rect(rect).unwrap();
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {}
             }
 
             // Render timing information in the top-left corner
@@ -222,4 +220,5 @@ pub fn debug_render_system(
 
     // Draw the debug texture directly onto the main canvas at full resolution
     canvas.copy(&debug_texture.0, None, None).unwrap();
+    canvas.present();
 }

src/systems/ghost.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
-use bevy_ecs::system::{Query, Res};
+use bevy_ecs::entity::Entity;
-use rand::prelude::*;
+use bevy_ecs::event::{EventReader, EventWriter};
+use bevy_ecs::query::{With, Without};
+use bevy_ecs::system::{Commands, Query, Res, ResMut};
+use rand::rngs::SmallRng;
+use rand::seq::IndexedRandom;
+use rand::SeedableRng;
 use smallvec::SmallVec;
 
+use crate::events::GameEvent;
+use crate::systems::audio::AudioEvent;
+use crate::systems::components::{Frozen, GhostCollider, ScoreResource};
 use crate::{
     map::{
         builder::Map,
@@ -9,7 +17,7 @@ use crate::{
         graph::{Edge, TraversalFlags},
     },
     systems::{
-        components::{DeltaTime, Ghost},
+        components::{CombatState, DeltaTime, Ghost, PlayerControlled},
         movement::{Position, Velocity},
     },
 };
@@ -18,7 +26,7 @@ use crate::{
 pub fn ghost_movement_system(
     map: Res<Map>,
     delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
-    mut ghosts: Query<(&Ghost, &mut Velocity, &mut Position)>,
+    mut ghosts: Query<(&Ghost, &mut Velocity, &mut Position), Without<Frozen>>,
 ) {
     for (_ghost, mut velocity, mut position) in ghosts.iter_mut() {
         let mut distance = velocity.speed * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
@@ -65,3 +73,46 @@ pub fn ghost_movement_system(
         }
     }
 }
+
+pub fn ghost_collision_system(
+    mut commands: Commands,
+    mut collision_events: EventReader<GameEvent>,
+    mut score: ResMut<ScoreResource>,
+    pacman_query: Query<&CombatState, With<PlayerControlled>>,
+    ghost_query: Query<(Entity, &Ghost), With<GhostCollider>>,
+    mut events: EventWriter<AudioEvent>,
+) {
+    for event in collision_events.read() {
+        if let GameEvent::Collision(entity1, entity2) = event {
+            // Check if one is Pacman and the other is a ghost
+            let (pacman_entity, ghost_entity) = if pacman_query.get(*entity1).is_ok() && ghost_query.get(*entity2).is_ok() {
+                (*entity1, *entity2)
+            } else if pacman_query.get(*entity2).is_ok() && ghost_query.get(*entity1).is_ok() {
+                (*entity2, *entity1)
+            } else {
+                continue;
+            };
+
+            // Check if Pac-Man is energized
+            if let Ok(combat_state) = pacman_query.get(pacman_entity) {
+                if combat_state.is_energized() {
+                    // Pac-Man eats the ghost
+                    if let Ok((ghost_ent, _ghost_type)) = ghost_query.get(ghost_entity) {
+                        // Add score (200 points per ghost eaten)
+                        score.0 += 200;
+
+                        // Remove the ghost
+                        commands.entity(ghost_ent).despawn();
+
+                        // Play eat sound
+                        events.write(AudioEvent::PlayEat);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // Pac-Man dies (this would need a death system)
+                    // For now, just log it
+                    tracing::warn!("Pac-Man collided with ghost while not energized!");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/systems/item.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use crate::{
     events::GameEvent,
     systems::{
         audio::AudioEvent,
-        components::{EntityType, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider, ScoreResource},
+        components::{CombatState, EntityType, ItemCollider, LevelTiming, PacmanCollider, ScoreResource},
     },
 };
 
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ pub fn item_system(
     mut collision_events: EventReader<GameEvent>,
     mut score: ResMut<ScoreResource>,
     pacman_query: Query<Entity, With<PacmanCollider>>,
+    mut combat_q: Query<&mut CombatState, With<PacmanCollider>>,
     item_query: Query<(Entity, &EntityType), With<ItemCollider>>,
     mut events: EventWriter<AudioEvent>,
+    level_timing: Res<LevelTiming>,
 ) {
     for event in collision_events.read() {
         if let GameEvent::Collision(entity1, entity2) = event {
@@ -50,6 +52,19 @@ pub fn item_system(
                     if entity_type.is_collectible() {
                         events.write(AudioEvent::PlayEat);
                     }
+
+                    // Activate energizer on power pellet using tick-based durations
+                    if *entity_type == EntityType::PowerPellet {
+                        if let Ok(mut combat) = combat_q.single_mut() {
+                            // Convert seconds to frames (assumes 60 FPS)
+                            let total_ticks = (level_timing.energizer_duration * 60.0).round().clamp(0.0, u32::MAX as f32) as u32;
+                            // Flash lead: e.g., 3 seconds (180 ticks) before end; ensure it doesn't underflow
+                            let flash_lead_ticks = (level_timing.energizer_flash_threshold * 60.0)
+                                .round()
+                                .clamp(0.0, u32::MAX as f32) as u32;
+                            combat.activate_energizer_ticks(total_ticks, flash_lead_ticks);
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }

src/systems/mod.rs

@@ -16,3 +16,4 @@ pub mod movement;
 pub mod player;
 pub mod profiling;
 pub mod render;
+pub mod stage;

src/systems/player.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use bevy_ecs::{
+    entity::Entity,
     event::{EventReader, EventWriter},
-    prelude::ResMut,
+    prelude::{Commands, ResMut},
     query::With,
     system::{Query, Res},
 };
@@ -11,7 +12,10 @@ use crate::{
     map::builder::Map,
     map::graph::Edge,
     systems::{
-        components::{AudioState, DeltaTime, EntityType, GlobalState, PlayerControlled},
+        components::{
+            AudioState, ControlState, DeltaTime, EntityType, Frozen, GhostCollider, GlobalState, MovementModifiers,
+            PlayerControlled, PlayerLifecycle, StartupSequence,
+        },
         debug::DebugState,
         movement::{BufferedDirection, Position, Velocity},
     },
@@ -28,12 +32,12 @@ pub fn player_control_system(
     mut state: ResMut<GlobalState>,
     mut debug_state: ResMut<DebugState>,
     mut audio_state: ResMut<AudioState>,
-    mut players: Query<&mut BufferedDirection, With<PlayerControlled>>,
+    mut players: Query<(&PlayerLifecycle, &ControlState, &mut BufferedDirection), With<PlayerControlled>>,
     mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
 ) {
     // Get the player's movable component (ensuring there is only one player)
-    let mut buffered_direction = match players.single_mut() {
+    let (lifecycle, control, mut buffered_direction) = match players.single_mut() {
-        Ok(buffered_direction) => buffered_direction,
+        Ok(tuple) => tuple,
         Err(e) => {
             errors.write(GameError::InvalidState(format!(
                 "No/multiple entities queried for player system: {}",
@@ -43,21 +47,26 @@ pub fn player_control_system(
         }
     };
 
+    // If the player is not interactive or input is locked, ignore movement commands
+    let allow_input = lifecycle.is_interactive() && matches!(control, ControlState::InputEnabled);
+
     // Handle events
     for event in events.read() {
         if let GameEvent::Command(command) = event {
             match command {
                 GameCommand::MovePlayer(direction) => {
-                    *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::Some {
+                    if allow_input {
-                        direction: *direction,
+                        *buffered_direction = BufferedDirection::Some {
-                        remaining_time: 0.25,
+                            direction: *direction,
-                    };
+                            remaining_time: 0.25,
+                        };
+                    }
                 }
                 GameCommand::Exit => {
                     state.exit = true;
                 }
                 GameCommand::ToggleDebug => {
-                    *debug_state = debug_state.next();
+                    debug_state.enabled = !debug_state.enabled;
                 }
                 GameCommand::MuteAudio => {
                     audio_state.muted = !audio_state.muted;
@@ -82,10 +91,24 @@ pub fn can_traverse(entity_type: EntityType, edge: Edge) -> bool {
 pub fn player_movement_system(
     map: Res<Map>,
     delta_time: Res<DeltaTime>,
-    mut entities: Query<(&mut Position, &mut Velocity, &mut BufferedDirection), With<PlayerControlled>>,
+    mut entities: Query<
+        (
+            &PlayerLifecycle,
+            &ControlState,
+            &MovementModifiers,
+            &mut Position,
+            &mut Velocity,
+            &mut BufferedDirection,
+        ),
+        With<PlayerControlled>,
+    >,
     // mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
 ) {
-    for (mut position, mut velocity, mut buffered_direction) in entities.iter_mut() {
+    for (lifecycle, control, modifiers, mut position, mut velocity, mut buffered_direction) in entities.iter_mut() {
+        if !lifecycle.is_interactive() || !matches!(control, ControlState::InputEnabled) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         // Decrement the buffered direction remaining time
         if let BufferedDirection::Some {
             direction,
@@ -102,7 +125,7 @@ pub fn player_movement_system(
             }
         }
 
-        let mut distance = velocity.speed * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
+        let mut distance = velocity.speed * modifiers.speed_multiplier * 60.0 * delta_time.0;
 
         loop {
             match *position {
@@ -151,3 +174,16 @@ pub fn player_movement_system(
         }
     }
 }
+
+/// Applies tunnel slowdown based on the current node tile
+pub fn player_tunnel_slowdown_system(map: Res<Map>, mut q: Query<(&Position, &mut MovementModifiers), With<PlayerControlled>>) {
+    if let Ok((position, mut modifiers)) = q.single_mut() {
+        let node = position.current_node();
+        let in_tunnel = map
+            .tile_at_node(node)
+            .map(|t| t == crate::constants::MapTile::Tunnel)
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+        modifiers.tunnel_slowdown_active = in_tunnel;
+        modifiers.speed_multiplier = if in_tunnel { 0.6 } else { 1.0 };
+    }
+}

src/systems/profiling.rs

@@ -27,12 +27,15 @@ pub enum SystemId {
     Blinking,
     DirectionalRender,
     DirtyRender,
+    HudRender,
     Render,
     DebugRender,
     Present,
     Collision,
     Item,
     PlayerMovement,
+    GhostCollision,
+    Stage,
 }
 
 impl Display for SystemId {

src/systems/render.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,26 @@
+use crate::constants::CANVAS_SIZE;
 use crate::error::{GameError, TextureError};
 use crate::map::builder::Map;
-use crate::systems::components::{DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, RenderDirty, Renderable};
+use crate::systems::blinking::Blinking;
+use crate::systems::components::{
+    DeltaTime, DirectionalAnimated, EntityType, GhostCollider, PlayerControlled, Renderable, ScoreResource, StartupSequence,
+};
 use crate::systems::movement::{Position, Velocity};
 use crate::texture::sprite::SpriteAtlas;
+use crate::texture::text::TextTexture;
 use bevy_ecs::entity::Entity;
 use bevy_ecs::event::EventWriter;
-use bevy_ecs::prelude::{Changed, Or, RemovedComponents};
+use bevy_ecs::prelude::{Changed, Or, RemovedComponents, With, Without};
+use bevy_ecs::resource::Resource;
 use bevy_ecs::system::{NonSendMut, Query, Res, ResMut};
+use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 use sdl2::rect::{Point, Rect};
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, Texture};
 use sdl2::video::Window;
 
+#[derive(Resource, Default)]
+pub struct RenderDirty(pub bool);
+
 #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
 pub fn dirty_render_system(
     mut dirty: ResMut<RenderDirty>,
@@ -61,6 +71,110 @@ pub struct MapTextureResource(pub Texture<'static>);
 /// A non-send resource for the backbuffer texture. This just wraps the texture with a type so it can be differentiated when exposed as a resource.
 pub struct BackbufferResource(pub Texture<'static>);
 
+/// Updates entity visibility based on StartupSequence stages
+pub fn ready_visibility_system(
+    startup: Res<StartupSequence>,
+    mut player_query: Query<&mut Renderable, (With<PlayerControlled>, Without<GhostCollider>)>,
+    mut ghost_query: Query<&mut Renderable, (With<GhostCollider>, Without<PlayerControlled>)>,
+    mut energizer_query: Query<(&mut Blinking, &EntityType)>,
+) {
+    match *startup {
+        StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. } => {
+            // Hide player and ghosts, disable energizer blinking
+            if let Ok(mut renderable) = player_query.single_mut() {
+                renderable.visible = false;
+            }
+
+            for mut renderable in ghost_query.iter_mut() {
+                renderable.visible = false;
+            }
+
+            // Disable energizer blinking in text-only stage
+            for (mut blinking, entity_type) in energizer_query.iter_mut() {
+                if matches!(entity_type, EntityType::PowerPellet) {
+                    blinking.timer = 0.0; // Reset timer to prevent blinking
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. } => {
+            // Show player and ghosts, enable energizer blinking
+            if let Ok(mut renderable) = player_query.single_mut() {
+                renderable.visible = true;
+            }
+
+            for mut renderable in ghost_query.iter_mut() {
+                renderable.visible = true;
+            }
+
+            // Energizer blinking is handled by the blinking system
+        }
+        StartupSequence::GameActive => {
+            // All entities are visible and blinking is normal
+            if let Ok(mut renderable) = player_query.single_mut() {
+                renderable.visible = true;
+            }
+
+            for mut renderable in ghost_query.iter_mut() {
+                renderable.visible = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Renders the HUD (score, lives, etc.) on top of the game.
+pub fn hud_render_system(
+    mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
+    mut atlas: NonSendMut<SpriteAtlas>,
+    score: Res<ScoreResource>,
+    startup: Res<StartupSequence>,
+    mut errors: EventWriter<GameError>,
+) {
+    let mut text_renderer = TextTexture::new(1.0);
+
+    // Render lives and high score text in white
+    let lives = 3; // TODO: Get from actual lives resource
+    let lives_text = format!("{lives}UP   HIGH SCORE   ");
+    let lives_position = glam::UVec2::new(4 + 8 * 3, 2); // x_offset + lives_offset * 8, y_offset
+
+    if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, &lives_text, lives_position) {
+        errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render lives text: {}", e)).into());
+    }
+
+    // Render score text in yellow (Pac-Man's color)
+    let score_text = format!("{:02}", score.0);
+    let score_offset = 7 - (score_text.len() as i32);
+    let score_position = glam::UVec2::new(4 + 8 * score_offset as u32, 10); // x_offset + score_offset * 8, 8 + y_offset
+
+    if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, &score_text, score_position) {
+        errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render score text: {}", e)).into());
+    }
+
+    // Render text based on StartupSequence stage
+    if matches!(
+        *startup,
+        StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. } | StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. }
+    ) {
+        let ready_text = "READY!";
+        let ready_width = text_renderer.text_width(ready_text);
+        let ready_position = glam::UVec2::new((CANVAS_SIZE.x - ready_width) / 2, 160);
+        if let Err(e) = text_renderer.render_with_color(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, ready_text, ready_position, Color::YELLOW) {
+            errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render READY text: {}", e)).into());
+        }
+
+        if matches!(*startup, StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. }) {
+            let player_one_text = "PLAYER ONE";
+            let player_one_width = text_renderer.text_width(player_one_text);
+            let player_one_position = glam::UVec2::new((CANVAS_SIZE.x - player_one_width) / 2, 113);
+
+            if let Err(e) =
+                text_renderer.render_with_color(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, player_one_text, player_one_position, Color::CYAN)
+            {
+                errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(format!("Failed to render PLAYER ONE text: {}", e)).into());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn render_system(
     mut canvas: NonSendMut<&mut Canvas<Window>>,
@@ -120,4 +234,6 @@ pub fn render_system(
         })
         .err()
         .map(|e| errors.write(TextureError::RenderFailed(e.to_string()).into()));
+
+    canvas.copy(&backbuffer.0, None, None).unwrap();
 }

src/systems/stage.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{
+    prelude::{Commands, Entity, Query, With},
+    system::ResMut,
+};
+
+use crate::systems::components::{Frozen, GhostCollider, PlayerControlled, StartupSequence};
+
+/// Handles startup sequence transitions and component management
+pub fn startup_stage_system(
+    mut startup: ResMut<StartupSequence>,
+    mut commands: Commands,
+    mut player_query: Query<Entity, With<PlayerControlled>>,
+    mut ghost_query: Query<Entity, With<GhostCollider>>,
+) {
+    if let Some((from, to)) = startup.tick() {
+        match (from, to) {
+            (StartupSequence::TextOnly { .. }, StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. }) => {
+                // TODO: Add TextOnly tag component to hide entities
+                // TODO: Add CharactersVisible tag component to show entities
+                // TODO: Remove TextOnly tag component
+            }
+            (StartupSequence::CharactersVisible { .. }, StartupSequence::GameActive) => {
+                // Remove Frozen tag from all entities
+                for entity in player_query.iter_mut().chain(ghost_query.iter_mut()) {
+                    commands.entity(entity).remove::<Frozen>();
+                }
+                // TODO: Add GameActive tag component
+                // TODO: Remove CharactersVisible tag component
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+}

src/texture/text.rs

@@ -10,10 +10,20 @@
 //!
 //! ```rust
 //! use pacman::texture::text::TextTexture;
+//! use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 //!
 //! // Create a text texture with 1.0 scale (8x8 pixels per character)
 //! let mut text_renderer = TextTexture::new(1.0);
 //!
+//! // Set default color for all text
+//! text_renderer.set_color(Color::WHITE);
+//!
+//! // Render text with default color
+//! text_renderer.render(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, "Hello", position)?;
+//!
+//! // Render text with specific color
+//! text_renderer.render_with_color(&mut canvas, &mut atlas, "World", position, Color::YELLOW)?;
+//!
 //! // Set scale for larger text
 //! text_renderer.set_scale(2.0);
 //!
@@ -46,6 +56,7 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use glam::UVec2;
 
+use sdl2::pixels::Color;
 use sdl2::render::{Canvas, RenderTarget};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
@@ -79,6 +90,7 @@ fn char_to_tile_name(c: char) -> Option<String> {
 pub struct TextTexture {
     char_map: HashMap<char, AtlasTile>,
     scale: f32,
+    default_color: Option<Color>,
 }
 
 impl Default for TextTexture {
@@ -86,6 +98,7 @@ impl Default for TextTexture {
         Self {
             scale: 1.0,
             char_map: Default::default(),
+            default_color: None,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -119,13 +132,26 @@ impl TextTexture {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Renders a string of text at the given position.
+    /// Renders a string of text at the given position using the default color.
     pub fn render<C: RenderTarget>(
         &mut self,
         canvas: &mut Canvas<C>,
         atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas,
         text: &str,
         position: UVec2,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        let color = self.default_color.unwrap_or(Color::WHITE);
+        self.render_with_color(canvas, atlas, text, position, color)
+    }
+
+    /// Renders a string of text at the given position with a specific color.
+    pub fn render_with_color<C: RenderTarget>(
+        &mut self,
+        canvas: &mut Canvas<C>,
+        atlas: &mut SpriteAtlas,
+        text: &str,
+        position: UVec2,
+        color: Color,
     ) -> Result<()> {
         let mut x_offset = 0;
         let char_width = (8.0 * self.scale) as u32;
@@ -134,9 +160,9 @@ impl TextTexture {
         for c in text.chars() {
             // Get the tile from the char_map, or insert it if it doesn't exist
             if let Some(tile) = self.get_tile(c, atlas)? {
-                // Render the tile if it exists
+                // Render the tile with the specified color
                 let dest = sdl2::rect::Rect::new((position.x + x_offset) as i32, position.y as i32, char_width, char_height);
-                tile.render(canvas, atlas, dest)?;
+                tile.render_with_color(canvas, atlas, dest, color)?;
             }
 
             // Always advance x_offset for all characters (including spaces)
@@ -146,6 +172,16 @@ impl TextTexture {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    /// Sets the default color for text rendering.
+    pub fn set_color(&mut self, color: Color) {
+        self.default_color = Some(color);
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current default color.
+    pub fn color(&self) -> Option<Color> {
+        self.default_color
+    }
+
     /// Sets the scale for text rendering.
     pub fn set_scale(&mut self, scale: f32) {
         self.scale = scale;

tests/collision.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{event::Events, prelude::*, system::RunSystemOnce, world::World};
+
+use pacman::{
+    error::GameError,
+    events::GameEvent,
+    map::builder::Map,
+    systems::{
+        collision::{check_collision, collision_system},
+        components::{Collider, EntityType, Ghost, GhostCollider, ItemCollider, PacmanCollider},
+        movement::Position,
+    },
+};
+
+fn create_test_world() -> World {
+    let mut world = World::new();
+
+    // Add required resources
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameEvent>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameError>::default());
+
+    // Add a minimal test map
+    world.insert_resource(create_test_map());
+
+    world
+}
+
+fn create_test_map() -> Map {
+    use pacman::constants::RAW_BOARD;
+    Map::new(RAW_BOARD).expect("Failed to create test map")
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_pacman(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((Position::Stopped { node: 0 }, Collider { size: 10.0 }, PacmanCollider))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_item(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node: 0 },
+            Collider { size: 8.0 },
+            ItemCollider,
+            EntityType::Pellet,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_ghost(world: &mut World) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node: 0 },
+            Collider { size: 12.0 },
+            GhostCollider,
+            Ghost::Blinky,
+            EntityType::Ghost,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+fn spawn_test_ghost_at_node(world: &mut World, node: usize) -> Entity {
+    world
+        .spawn((
+            Position::Stopped { node },
+            Collider { size: 12.0 },
+            GhostCollider,
+            Ghost::Blinky,
+            EntityType::Ghost,
+        ))
+        .id()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collider_collision_detection() {
+    let collider1 = Collider { size: 10.0 };
+    let collider2 = Collider { size: 8.0 };
+
+    // Test collision detection
+    assert!(collider1.collides_with(collider2.size, 5.0)); // Should collide (distance < 9.0)
+    assert!(!collider1.collides_with(collider2.size, 15.0)); // Should not collide (distance > 9.0)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_check_collision_helper() {
+    let map = create_test_map();
+    let pos1 = Position::Stopped { node: 0 };
+    let pos2 = Position::Stopped { node: 0 }; // Same position
+    let collider1 = Collider { size: 10.0 };
+    let collider2 = Collider { size: 8.0 };
+
+    // Test collision at same position
+    let result = check_collision(&pos1, &collider1, &pos2, &collider2, &map);
+    assert!(result.is_ok());
+    assert!(result.unwrap()); // Should collide at same position
+
+    // Test collision at different positions
+    let pos3 = Position::Stopped { node: 1 }; // Different position
+    let result = check_collision(&pos1, &collider1, &pos3, &collider2, &map);
+    assert!(result.is_ok());
+    // May or may not collide depending on actual node positions
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_pacman_item() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _item = spawn_test_item(&mut world);
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_pacman_ghost() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _ghost = spawn_test_ghost(&mut world);
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_no_collision() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _ghost = spawn_test_ghost_at_node(&mut world, 1); // Different node
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_collision_system_multiple_entities() {
+    let mut world = create_test_world();
+    let _pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
+    let _item = spawn_test_item(&mut world);
+    let _ghost = spawn_test_ghost(&mut world);
+
+    // Run collision system - should not panic
+    world
+        .run_system_once(collision_system)
+        .expect("System should run successfully");
+}

tests/events.rs

@@ -1,61 +1,6 @@
 use pacman::events::{GameCommand, GameEvent};
 use pacman::map::direction::Direction;
 
-#[test]
-fn test_game_command_variants() {
-    // Test that all GameCommand variants can be created
-    let commands = [
-        GameCommand::Exit,
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up),
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Down),
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left),
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Right),
-        GameCommand::ToggleDebug,
-        GameCommand::MuteAudio,
-        GameCommand::ResetLevel,
-        GameCommand::TogglePause,
-    ];
-
-    // Just verify they can be created and compared
-    assert_eq!(commands.len(), 9);
-    assert_eq!(commands[0], GameCommand::Exit);
-    assert_eq!(commands[1], GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Up));
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn test_game_command_equality() {
-    assert_eq!(GameCommand::Exit, GameCommand::Exit);
-    assert_eq!(GameCommand::ToggleDebug, GameCommand::ToggleDebug);
-    assert_eq!(
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left),
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left)
-    );
-
-    assert_ne!(GameCommand::Exit, GameCommand::ToggleDebug);
-    assert_ne!(
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left),
-        GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Right)
-    );
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn test_game_event_variants() {
-    let command_event = GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit);
-    let collision_event = GameEvent::Collision(bevy_ecs::entity::Entity::from_raw(1), bevy_ecs::entity::Entity::from_raw(2));
-
-    // Test that events can be created and compared
-    assert_eq!(command_event, GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit));
-    assert_ne!(command_event, collision_event);
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn test_game_command_to_game_event_conversion() {
-    let command = GameCommand::ToggleDebug;
-    let event: GameEvent = command.into();
-
-    assert_eq!(event, GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::ToggleDebug));
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_game_command_to_game_event_conversion_all_variants() {
     let commands = vec![
@@ -72,35 +17,3 @@ fn test_game_command_to_game_event_conversion_all_variants() {
         assert_eq!(event, GameEvent::Command(command));
     }
 }
-
-#[test]
-fn test_move_player_all_directions() {
-    let directions = [Direction::Up, Direction::Down, Direction::Left, Direction::Right];
-
-    for direction in directions {
-        let command = GameCommand::MovePlayer(direction);
-        let event: GameEvent = command.into();
-
-        if let GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::MovePlayer(dir)) = event {
-            assert_eq!(dir, direction);
-        } else {
-            panic!("Expected MovePlayer command with direction {:?}", direction);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn test_game_event_debug_format() {
-    let event = GameEvent::Command(GameCommand::Exit);
-    let debug_str = format!("{:?}", event);
-    assert!(debug_str.contains("Command"));
-    assert!(debug_str.contains("Exit"));
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn test_game_command_debug_format() {
-    let command = GameCommand::MovePlayer(Direction::Left);
-    let debug_str = format!("{:?}", command);
-    assert!(debug_str.contains("MovePlayer"));
-    assert!(debug_str.contains("Left"));
-}

tests/formatting.rs

@@ -119,13 +119,6 @@ fn test_format_timing_display_basic() {
     }
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn test_format_timing_display_empty() {
-    let timing_data = vec![];
-    let formatted = format_timing_display(timing_data);
-    assert!(formatted.is_empty());
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_format_timing_display_units() {
     let timing_data = vec![

tests/hud.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+use bevy_ecs::{event::Events, world::World};
+
+use pacman::{error::GameError, systems::components::ScoreResource};
+
+fn create_test_world() -> World {
+    let mut world = World::new();
+
+    // Add required resources
+    world.insert_resource(Events::<GameError>::default());
+    world.insert_resource(ScoreResource(1230)); // Test score
+
+    world
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_hud_render_system_runs_without_error() {
+    let world = create_test_world();
+
+    // The HUD render system requires SDL2 resources that aren't available in tests,
+    // but we can at least verify it doesn't panic when called
+    // In a real test environment, we'd need to mock the SDL2 canvas and atlas
+
+    // For now, just verify the score resource is accessible
+    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
+    assert_eq!(score.0, 1230);
+}

tests/item.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ fn test_calculate_score_for_item() {
     assert!(EntityType::Pellet.score_value() < EntityType::PowerPellet.score_value());
     assert!(EntityType::Pellet.score_value().is_some());
     assert!(EntityType::PowerPellet.score_value().is_some());
-    assert!(EntityType::Pellet.score_value().unwrap() < EntityType::PowerPellet.score_value().unwrap());
     assert!(EntityType::Player.score_value().is_none());
     assert!(EntityType::Ghost.score_value().is_none());
 }
@@ -194,28 +193,6 @@ fn test_item_system_ignores_non_item_collisions() {
     assert_eq!(ghost_count, 1);
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn test_item_system_wrong_collision_order() {
-    let mut world = create_test_world();
-    let pacman = spawn_test_pacman(&mut world);
-    let pellet = spawn_test_item(&mut world, EntityType::Pellet);
-
-    // Send collision event with entities in reverse order
-    send_collision_event(&mut world, pellet, pacman);
-
-    world.run_system_once(item_system).expect("System should run successfully");
-
-    // Should still work correctly
-    let score = world.resource::<ScoreResource>();
-    assert_eq!(score.0, 10);
-    let pellet_count = world
-        .query::<&EntityType>()
-        .iter(&world)
-        .filter(|&entity_type| matches!(entity_type, EntityType::Pellet))
-        .count();
-    assert_eq!(pellet_count, 0);
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_item_system_no_collision_events() {
     let mut world = create_test_world();

tests/player.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fn create_test_world() -> World {
 
     // Add resources
     world.insert_resource(GlobalState { exit: false });
-    world.insert_resource(DebugState::Off);
+    world.insert_resource(DebugState::default());
     world.insert_resource(AudioState::default());
     world.insert_resource(DeltaTime(1.0 / 60.0)); // 60 FPS
     world.insert_resource(Events::<GameEvent>::default());
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ fn test_player_control_system_toggle_debug() {
 
     // Check that debug state changed
     let debug_state = world.resource::<DebugState>();
-    assert_eq!(*debug_state, DebugState::Graph);
+    assert!(debug_state.enabled);
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ fn test_player_state_persistence_across_systems() {
     let position = *query.single(&world).expect("Player should exist");
 
     // Check that the state changes persisted individually
-    assert_eq!(debug_state_after_toggle, DebugState::Graph, "Debug state should have toggled");
+    assert!(debug_state_after_toggle.enabled, "Debug state should have toggled");
     assert!(audio_muted_after_toggle, "Audio should be muted");
 
     // Player position depends on actual map connectivity

tests/text.rs

@@ -107,3 +107,23 @@ fn test_text_scale() -> Result<(), String> {
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_text_color() -> Result<(), String> {
+    let mut text_texture = TextTexture::new(1.0);
+
+    // Test default color (should be None initially)
+    assert_eq!(text_texture.color(), None);
+
+    // Test setting color
+    let test_color = sdl2::pixels::Color::YELLOW;
+    text_texture.set_color(test_color);
+    assert_eq!(text_texture.color(), Some(test_color));
+
+    // Test changing color
+    let new_color = sdl2::pixels::Color::RED;
+    text_texture.set_color(new_color);
+    assert_eq!(text_texture.color(), Some(new_color));
+
+    Ok(())
+}